Music Culture
rame
"Boisterous activity" Collective participation (community)
reel
1-2-3-4-1-2-3-4
tambura
4 strings Drone instrument
sound layers
Drone Rhythm Melody
uilleann pipes
Elbow" Pipes Full Set Chanter 3 Drone Pipes 3 Regulator Pipes
colotomic structure
Embellishments Melody Gong Pattern <------- organizes time
BollyWood
Largest film industry in India (and the world)
veena
Melody instrument 7 strings 24 raised frets (Melody)
flamenco
Mixture of Roma, Arab, and Jewish music in the 15th century 19th century: form and repertoire standardized Mid-19th to early 20th centuries: "golden age" 1960s: "nuevo flamenco" (ex: Gipsy Kings)
gamelan
Percussion ensemble Gongs Metallophones Drums Brass, bamboo, wood Flute, fiddle, singing Groups of instruments Similar construction Similar function Each group provides a musical layer __________________________________________________ Serious, refined music Performed by trained professionals Intellectual or elite audience Unique (often complex) organizational structure
lata Mangeshkar
Playback singer Recorded over 10,000 filmi git Dominant voice in Indian film since 1942
Tamil Cinema
South India second largest film industry in India
Andalucia
Southern "autonomous community" Capital: Sevilla 8th-15th centuries: Muslim rule (Moors) Influenced architecture, intellectual life, culture
flamenco dance
Stomping, tapping of feet create intricate rhythms Symbolic arm/hand movements
melody
metallphone Saron, slenthem Slendro and pelog tuning systems
compostition/ improvisation
are most commonly used to designate different, or even diametrically opposed, musical activities. As soon as one begins to compare the application of the two terms, however, it becomes clear that each term really refers to certain traits shared by activities, rather than to a specific activity.
ornamentation
are musical flourishes that are not necessary to carry the overall line of the melody (or harmony), but serve instead to decorate or "ornament" that line. also called embellishments
gajda
bagpipe made from goat skin
Bedhaya
classical dance
additive meter
groups of 2 and 3 (ex. 2+2+3=7)
binary form
groups of two
bodhran
handheld frame drum
duende
having soul, a heightened state of emotion, expression and authenticity, often connected with flamenco.
bulerias
is a fast flamenco rhythm in 12 beats with emphasis in two general forms as follows: 1 2 [3] 4 5 [6] 7 [8] 9 [10] 11 [12] or 1 2 [3] 4 5 6 [7] [8] 9 [10] 11 [12]
jig
is a form of lively folk dance in compound meter, as well as the accompanying dance tune. 1-2-3-4-5-6
sitar
is a plucked stringed instrument predominantly used in Hindustani classical music, where it has been ubiquitous since the Middle Ages. It derives its resonance from sympathetic strings, a long hollow neck and a gourd resonating chamber. (melody)
tabla
is a popular Indian percussion instrument (of the membranophone family), similar to bongos, used in Hindustani classical music and in popular and devotional music of the Indian subcontinent. The instrument consists of a pair of hand drums of contrasting sizes and timbres.
glottal stop
is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract
palmas
is an essential form of percussion to help punctuate and accentuate the song and dance.
raga
is one of the melodic modes used in Indian classical music. A raga uses a series of five or more musical notes upon which a melody is constructed.
Hindustani classical music
is the Hindustani or North Indian style of Indian classical music found throughout the northern Indian subcontinent
melisma
is the singing of a single syllable of text while moving between several different notes in succession
tala
is the term used in Indian classical music for the rhythmic pattern of any composition and for the entire subject of rhythm, roughly corresponding to metre in Western music, though closer conceptual equivalents are to be found in other Asian classical systems such as the notion of usul in the theory of Ottoman/Turkish music.
Dhalang
knocks on wooden puppet box, jingles metal pieces w/ foot He also speaks for each character
Philip koutev
led national folk song, founded bulgarian state radio vocal choir,bulgarian folk song arranger
Roma
Believed to originate in Northern India Descendants of professional court musicians ("Dom" caste) Migration began 420 C.E. "Gypsy" Comes from incorrect idea that Roma came from Egypt In Spain, Roma refer to themselves as gitano (Gypsy)
alignment
Coincidence of days from different calendars = supernatural power
Sound layers (gamelan)
Colotomic structure Gong, kempul, kenong, kethuk Melody Saron, slenthem Slendro and pelog tuning systems Embellishment Bonang Drum (kendhang) = "conductor"
Carnatic classical music
Small ensembles 3 sound layers Drone Rhythm Melody Composition + improvisation Kriti : devotional songs
Saraswati
Hindu goddess of knowledge, music, arts and science
flamenco
Three main components: singing, guitar, dance Improvisation Group participation Hand clapping (palmas) Shouts (jaleo) Duende "Passion" Transcendent emotion Performed in bars, clubs, juergas
mridangam
Two headed drum Tuned side + bass side (Rhythm)
Sharukh Khan
a.k.a. SRK, "King Khan" Film actor, TV presenter Appeared in over 70 Hindi films since 1988
the willie clancy summer school
non competitive learning. 1st summer school for music
Yogyakarta
old ancient city
jaleo
pandemonium, uproar, commotion
kenog
plays on 4,8,12,16
kempol
plays on 6,10,14
ketuck
plays on all 16
gong
plays on beat 16
kaval
shepherds flute
playback singer
singer who records songs for indian films
close harmonies
small intervals, rings like bells
filmi git
song form/ performed in Indian movies Based on classical love, often borrow from other popular genre
kriti
the backbone of any typical Carnatic music concert and is the longer format of a carnatic music song. Pallavi. This is the equivalent of a refrain in Western music. Anupallavi. The second verse, which is sometimes optional. Charanam. The final (and longest) verse that wraps up the song. The Charanam usually borrows patterns from the Anupallavi. The charanam's last line usually contains the composer's sign, or mudra, with which the composer leaves their mark. entrance of rhythm
Wayang kulit
the title of the person who controls the puppets, provides voices for all the characters and signals to the musical accompaniments