NATIONAL REGISTRY EMT

A 51 year old male as burned in the face after a steam valve was accidentally opened at his industrial job. His face is red and swollen, and he is screaming in pain. The patient also states that he is having a hard time seeing. What's the EMT's priority concern in caring for this patient? A) airway compromise B)Facial disfigurement C) loss of vision D) pain management

A) Airway compromise

A patient with severe head and neck pain states that he was properly wearing his seatbelt when another car struck him from behind. As knowledgeable EMT, he would realize that the complaint of; A) Head and neck pain could occur even when the seatbelt is properly worn B) Head and neck pain indicates that he was not wearing his seatbelt C) Head pain suggest that he was not wearing a seatbelt properly D) Head and neck pain indicates that the lapbelt was worn without the shoulder harness

A) Head and neck pain could occur even when the seatbelt is properly worn

When applying a cervical collar to a young boy who fell out of a tree, the EMT realizes the main purpose of the collar is to? A) maintain spine motion restriction B) Increase the blood flow to the spinal cord in the cervical region C) prevent the head and neck from moving D) remind the patient not to move his head or neck

A) Maintain spine motion restriction

And industrial workers sustained partial --and full-thickness burns to his right hand after actually touching an electric furnace use to incinerate medical waste. Assessment reveals no threats to the airway, breathing or circulation. Which action with the EMT perform next? A) Pour cool saline water on the hand B) Apply an antibiotic ointment to the burn C) gently clean dead skin away from the burn D) Open any blisters to relieve pressure on the burn tissue beneath

A) Pour cool saline water on the hand

Which type of injury is most likely to result in capillary bleeding only? A) abrasion B) laceration C) avulsion D) penetration

A) abrasion

An alert and oriented patient has been exposed to the biological toxin ricin. He presents with a fever, cough, mild dyspnea, and generalized weakness. His airway is patent and his breathing is adequate. His skin is warm and dry, and his radial pulse is weak. Which intervention is most appropriate when caring for this patient? A) administer oxygen to the patient B) obtain vital signs and transport C) Apply A HEPA filter mask to the patient D) isolate the patient before administering further care

A) administer oxygen to the patient

Which action is most appropriate when using a helicopter on scene of an emergency? A) Always approach the helicopter from the front never from behind B) always approach the helicopter from behind never the front C) Point a spotlight at the helicopter to indicate the location of the landing zone when the helicopter is on final approach D) Keep all EMS and rescuer personnel at least 50 feet from the helicopter as it lands

A) always approach the helicopter from the front never from behind

A 37-year-old woman, who is four months pregnant, complains of abdominal and pelvic pain after being assaulted in her home by a live-in boyfriend. During the assault, he struck her in the head, chest, and abdomen with his fist and a chair as she lay on the floor. There are no obvious threats to the airway, breathing, or circulation. Her vital signs are pulse, 124 beats/ min; respiration, 22 breaths/ minute; blood pressure, 114/68 mmHg and SPO2, 98% on room air. Which intervention is needed for this patient? A)Apply a nonrebreather mask with high concentration oxygen B) provide calming reassurance and transport the patient quietly in a position of comfort C) care of the patient to the longboard, with it tilted left for transport D) provide immediate transport with care such as spinal motion restriction precautions provided En route.

A) apply a nonrebreather mask with high concentration oxygen

You are caring for an eight month old boy who is unresponsive after choking on a piece of hard candy. As you look into his mouth, you can see the candy in the back of an Oropharynx. What would your next action be? A) attempt to retrieve and remove candy B) check the brachial pulse C) perform a blind finger sweep D) provide five abdominal thrusts

A) attempt to retrieve and remove the candy

A patient was struck in the right upper arm with a baseball bat. Which sign or symptom indicates the highest probability that humerus has been fractured? A) crepitus felt on palpation B) decreased sensation in the right hand C) Pain to the right upper arm D) Hematoma to the upper arm

A) crepitus felt on palpation

You have been called to a nursing home for a confused 91 year old male patient who became dizzy and fell , striking his head on the floor. Which statement made by the nurse should be of most concern to you? A) he has a heart valve problem and takes Coumadin to help prevent his blood from clotting B) he is normally confused and his family just made him a DNR. C) I just checked his blood sugars and it is 154 mg/dL, but is was 243 at last shift change D) he did no have any of his medications today

A) he has a heart valve problem and takes Coumadin to help prevent his blood from clotting

A young male patient was running through a park shortly before dawn and struck his head on a low-hanging branch of a tree. Emergency medical responders have already provided spine motion restriction precautions and are providing supplemental oxygen since the patient was initially unresponsive. During transport, which finding obtained during your reassessment would best indicate that the patient has experienced a concussion. A)improving memory B) persistent confusion C) unequal grip strength D) elevate blood pressure

A) improving memory

A 74-year-old female complains of abdominal pain after falling down five stairs off her front porch and striking her abdomen and left hand on the mailbox at the bottom. The patient also reports pain in her left wrist and right ankle, both of which show obvious deformity. She is alert and oriented, and her admin is free of bruising but tender in the left upper and lower quadrants. Her vital signs are pulse, 132 beats/min ; Respirations, 22 breaths/ minute; blood pressure, 106/86MMHG; and initial SP02, 93% on room air. Oxygen has been applied, and the patient has full spine motion restriction precautions in place. Advanced life support has been requested and is 12 minutes away from your current location. What is your next action? A) initiate immediate transport and intercept with the ALS unit B) Secure the wrist and ankle to board splints, initiate transport, and cancel the ALS unit C) Monitor the patient and wait for ALS assistance D) apply ice to the wrist and ankle while awaiting arrival of the ALS unit

A) initiate immediate transport and intercept with the ALS unit

You arrive at the scene where a young male patient fell out of a tree he was climbing. Although he fell from a lower branch, he was still reportedly 10 to 12 feet in the air when he fell. Patient landed on his side on the ground. Which element of the kinematics of trauma would explain the mechanism of any injuries he may have sustained? A) rapid deceleration B) rapid acceleration C) terminal velocity D) terminal mass

A) rapid deceleration

A patient has just been log rolled and positioned onto the long backboard. Which care measure should be performed next, assuming it was not previously completed? A) secure the patient's torso with straps B) release manual cervical spine motion restriction C) secure the patient's head D) apply a properly sized cervical collar

A) secure the patient's torso with straps

Which instructions would you provide to the emergency medical responders when treating a patient who is punched in the eye and has blood visible in the anterior chamber? A) we will need to cover both eyes with patches before we transport the patient B) it is important to keep pressure down in the ice so we will transport the patient in a sitting position C) let's put a shield over the eye and bandage it in place to apply some pressure to the eye D) let's apply a cold pack to the eye and immobilize the patient for transport

A) we will need to cover both eyes with patches before we transport the patient

Which disease or illness would you suspect when confronted with a pediatric patient exhibiting and acute onset of respiratory distress and an audible inspiratory stridor sound but no cough? A)Bronchiolitis B) Epiglottitis C) COPD D) croup

B) Epiglottitis

You are assessing a female patient who informs you that she has been pregnant four times before but delivered only once. What would be a correct way to document that information on the prehospital care report? A) Para III; gravida I B) Gravida IV; para I C) Gravida III; para I D) Para IV; gravida I

B) Gravida IV; para I

A patient with a past history of quadriplegia from a four wheeler accident would most likely be unable to? A) see peripherally while driving B) hold utensils for eating C) turn his head from side to side D) speak clearly to others

B) Hold utensils for eating

You are assessing a 2 1/2-year-old female who was involved in a minor car accident. She is currently alert and oriented. While you are assessing her for possible injuries, which assessment procedure would be considered appropriate? A) assess the child starting at her head and moving to her feet B) if possible, allow the child to hold a favorite toy during the assessment C) Touch and hold the child as much as possible D) Be firm with the child and provide concrete instructions on what you expect

B) If possible, allow the child to hold her favorite toy during the assessment

Which statement about the use of an escort, such as a police cruiser, to drive a critical patient to the hospital is true? A) It is safer if the ambulance transporting the patient goes first and is followed by the second emergency vehicle B) It should be used as a last resort, because it increases the risk of an accident. C) It is actually safer, because traffic is cleared ahead of the ambulance D) it is a safe way to get a critical patient to the hospital quickly and should be used when needed

B) It should be used as a last resort, because it increases the risk of an accident

An obstruction of the pulmonary artery will cause? A) increased blood flow through the aorta B) backup of blood in the right side of the heart C) backup of blood in the left side of the heart D) increased blood flow through the vena cava

B) backup of blood in the right side of the heart

At the scene of a fall in the mall parking lot, you begin to suspect that the victim, who received only minor injuries from the fall and refuses transport, is a victim of human trafficking. What should you do next? A) call medical command for guidance B) call human trafficking hotline C) have the patient sign a refusal of care form D) provide the victim with a shelter's contact information

B) call human trafficking hotline

You are assessing a patient who has sustained blunt trauma to the head which sign would be most indicative of the loss of cerebrospinal fluid? A) dark bruising on forehead B) clear fluid coming from the nose C) light bruising around both eyes D) red-tinged fluid in the ear canal

B) clear fluid coming from the nose

Damage to which thoracic tissues can cause impairment of ventilation from a developing pneumothorax? A) pulmonary arteries B) pleural membranes C) mediastinum D) trachea

B) pleural membranes

Nerve agents typically cause death by triggering which type of organ or system failure? A)cardiac B) respiratory C) Liver D) renal

B) respiratory

A 52 year old male has collapsed on his front porch and his family dialed 911. When you arrive, the daughter informs you that the patient has been down for approximately 8 minutes. Assessment reveals him to be in cardiac arrest. Which one of the following should you do immediately? A) contact medical direction for permission to use the AED given the downtime. B) start CPR while AED is readied for use C) perform five cycles of CPR at a ratio of 15 compressions to two ventilations (single rescuer CPR) D) Hold CPR so that the AED can be checked and applied for use

B) start CPR while AED is readied for use

You are transporting a male patient with a deep stab wound to the groin with damage also noted to the genitalia following an assault by his girlfriend. the patient is alert and oriented albeit restless. Vital signs on scene were pulse 128 beats/minutes. Respirations 20 breaths/minute blood pressure 108/64 mmHg, and SpO2, 92%. Oxygen is being administered via nasal cannula. Upon reassessment, which sign would be most concerning to the EMT? A) patient's urge to void B) heart rate of 132 beats/min C) blood pressure is now 106/88 mmHg D) SpO2 stabilizing at 96% despite o2 therapy

C) BP is now 106/88 mmHg

Rescue workers are preparing to remove the windshield and roof from a car to extricate a patient who is trapped. Before the rescue commences, what should the EMT do first, prior to the other actions? A) Cover the patient with a heavy chart for protection B) wet the car down with a fire hose to prevent an accidental fire C) explain to the patient what is about to take place D) remove himself from the vehicle so that the EMT is not accidentally injured

C) Explain to the patient what is about to take place

What is the mnemonic for the standard process used during on scene management of a disaster or MCI? A) SALT B)START C)ICS D)NIMS

C) ICS

Well running in a parking Lot a young boy tripped and fell he hit his face and mouth on a curb, knocking one of his top front teeth from its socket. Bleeding has been controlled in the tooth found. Which instructions would you give your partner when caring for the tooth? A) wrap the truth and dry gauze and put it in a plastic bag placed in cool water B) make sure to touch it only by its route when scrubbing the dirt off of it C) it's the truth first, then put it in a cup of saline for transport D) scrub the tooth first to get the dirt off of it and then we will put it back in the socket

C) Rinse the tooth first, then put it in a cup of saline for transport

You are assessing a male patient who is stabbed three times in the chest and abdomen. As you begin your primary assessment, you note the patient to have a decreased level of consciousness and gurgling respirations. Your next action would be to? A) Apply a cervical collar B) check his pulse C) Suction the airway D) obtaining SPO2 reading

C) Suction the airway

Which statement shows that an EMT understands field care of a patient with a possible joint dislocation? A) if a joint injury is suspected, ice packs - but not splints — Are indicated B) if a distal pulse is absent three attempts to straighten the joint can be made C) The care for a patient with a joint injury is identical to that for a patient with a fracture D) warm packs -not cold packs - are indicated for a patient with a possible joint injury

C) The care for a patient with a joint injury is identical to that for a patient with a fracture

A 15-year-old female was struck in the mouth with a baseball bat. She has lost her front teeth and spitting blood. The EMTs priority concern when caring for this patient would be? A) blood loss B) jaw structure C) airway compromise D) seizure activity

C) airway compromise

You have just applied a pressure dressing to the leg of a woman who suffered a deep laceration to her calf from a piece of broken glass. What should you do next? A) apply a tourniquet above the laceration B) assess the blood glucose level to determine if hypoglycemia contributed to the accident C) assess for a pedal pulse D) Obtain a follow up blood pressure

C) assess for a pedal pulse

An 86-year-old male has experienced a seizure and is now lethargic and confused. His family states that the patient has a history of seizures and was sleeping in bed when the seizure was witnessed by his wife. He remains in bed with an intact airway, adequate breathing, and a rapid radial pulse. You also note him to be incontinent of urine. Appropriate care of this patient would include; A) considering supplemental oxygen and securing the patient on a long spine board with a cervical collar placed B) inserting an oral airway and starting positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen C) considering oxygen and transport with him positioned on his left side D) securing the patient tightly to the stretcher to prevent injury should he seize again

C) considering oxygen and transport with him positioned on his left side

The process of affectively using all resources available to reduce errors, increase safety, and improve performance is called? A)Resource conservation B) culture of safety C) crew resource management (CRM) D) System status management

C) crew resource management (CRM)

Which of these is a high - velocity wound that carries the greatest risk for death when considering the concept of cavitation? A) shotgun wound to the lung B) Stab wound to the liver C)Gunshot wound to the spleen D) gunshot wound to the stomach

C) gunshot wound to the spleen

A patient is confused and anxious after falling 20 feet from a ladder onto the grass below. Which clinical finding described is most suggestive of shock? A) large hematoma to the head B) deformity to the left arm C) Heart rate of 112 bpm D) Constricted pupils

C) heart rate of 112 bpm

You have been called for a geriatric patient with advanced dementia. The staff at the geriatric extended care facility believes that the patient has a urinary tract infection. At bedside, you find the patient to be confused and aggressive she is on constant action at 3 lpm for COPD. During transport, she repeatedly yells at you and strikes out at you. You would respond by; A) tightening the straps so that she is tightly restrained to the stretcher B) flying a nonrebreather facemask with threeLPM of oxygen C) moving away from the patient so she cannot strike you D) contacting advanced life support for administration of a sedative

C) moving away from the patient so she cannot strike you

An unrestrained middle-age female was thrown from her car as it rolled in the median of an interstate. She is supine, appears unresponsive, has blood on her face, and has snoring respirations. Your first action upon reaching her side, after taking spine motion restriction precautions, should be to; A) insert an oral pharyngeal airway B) determine the Glasgow coma scale score C) perform the jaw- thrust maneuver D) find the source of bleeding and apply direct pressure

C) perform the jaw thrust maneuver

When an EMT I s driving an ambulance in emergency mode (lights and sirens), most states do not permit the EMT to? A) pass other vehicles in a no-passing zone B) Turn in any direction at an intersection C) proceed through a red light without stopping D) drive in the wrong direction down a one-way street

C) proceed through a red light without stopping

Assessment of a young girl who was hit by a car while riding her bike reveals her to be responsive to painful stimuli with flexion of the extremities; she is also in respiratory distress. There is marked deformity on her thoracic spine and bruising noted to her anterior chest and abdomen she does not move her legs when a noxious stimulus is applied to the lower extremities. Manual cervical spine motion restriction is being maintained and a cervical collar has been applied by fire department EMRs. Given the critical nature of this patient, which action is most appropriate for her care? A) transfer her to the long board already placed on the stretcher and secure the straps en route to the hospital. B) wait for family members to arrive and give consent for treatment prior to moving her to the stretcher for immediate transport C) quickly but carefully provide full spine motion restriction precautions on scene prior to rapid transport to the hospital D) rapidly transfer her to the stretcher and secure her to the long board while en route to the hospital

C) quickly but carefully provide full spine motion restriction precautions on scene prior to rapid transport to the hospital

Which statement about different musculoskeletal injuries is true? A) A fracture occurs when a tendon connecting muscle to a bone is overstretched an injured B) A dislocation occurs when the bone contained within a joint is broken C) A sprain is an injury to a joint with possible damage to or tearing of ligaments D) Strains or injuries that occur to ligaments and joints to which they are attached

C) sprain is an injury to a joint with possible damage to or tearing of ligaments

You are called for an 8-year old boy who has fallen. At the scene, the boy's mother states that her son was running while flying a kite and tripped, striking his face on a rock. Assessment reveals a large reddish-blue bump with intact skin under his left eye. When alerting the hospital emergency department of your arrival, you should inform them that the patient has which type of injury? A) Ecchymosis B) Evisceration C)Hematoma D)Contusion

C)Hematoma

You are at the scene of a multiple casualty incident where a church van carrying 15 parishioners overturned. You and your partner are in charge of the treatment unit and are presented with four patients. which one will you treat first? A) A 21-year-old male and cardio pulmonary arrest B) A 13-year-old boy walk to the treatment area complaining of a severe headache C) An elderly female patient with a femur fracture and a yellow tag on her wrist D) I'm confused 69-year-old male with a respiratory rate of 42 breaths per minute and a rapid and weak radial pulse

D) Confused 69-year-old male with a respiratory rate of 42 breaths per minute and a rapid and weak radial pulse

The secondary radiation exposure from a nuclear blast is the result of? A)decay B) heat C) concussion D) fallout

D) Fallout

You have completed the assessment of a 32-year-old patient who is starting her seventh month of pregnancy. During your assessment, which finding should you be most concerned about? A) increase desire to eat B) increased weight over the past month C) several painless contractions D) intermittent vaginal bleeding

D) Intermittent vaginal bleeding

On the scene of a motor vehicle collision, which I EMT is engaged and simple extrication of the patient? A) The EMT entering the car through a window to open the patient's airway B) EMT monitoring the scene for safety hazards C) The EMT stabilizing a car on its side to prevent it from rolling over D) The EMT removing the patient from the car through an open door

D) The EMT removing the patient from the car through an open door

Family has called you for a 78- year old female with a history of dementia, because she appears more confused than normal. The primary assessment reveals no-life threatening conditions. Her vitals signs are pulse, 88 beats/min; respirations 22 breaths/min ; BP, 134/66 mmHg and SpO2, 95% on RA. Aside from the dementia, the patient has a history of hypertension, COPD, and breast cancer, which resulted in the removal of her right breast 11 years ago. Lately, she had had an upper respiratory infection and is telling family that she has a headache. Your first question to family should be? A) is there any possibilities of diabetes and a low blood sugar level? B) it sounds like the dementia is getting worse do you agree? C) does she take any medications for the high blood pressure? D) do you know if she fell recently and hit her head?

D) do you know if she fell recently and hit her head?

Which statement indicates an accurate understanding of administering positive pressure ventilation (PPV) to a geriatric patient? A) if the patient is breathing between 10 and 20 breaths per minute PPV is not needed B) if the geriatric patient has a history of COPD, a pediatric bag—valve mask may be needed C) increase in the force of ventilation is needed to get air into the stiff lungs D) gentle ventilations that make the chest rise are adequate to provide proper airflow to the lungs

D) gentle ventilations that make the chest rise are adequate to provide proper airflow to the lungs

The vehicle has rolled onto his passenger side after running a red light at an intersection and striking another car. The restrained driver remains in the car, screaming in pain. To manage the scene, what should you do first? A) hold manual cervical spine motion restriction B) determine the patient's injuries C) remove the roof D) stabilize the vehicle

D) stabilize the vehicle