NCFE Volcano

Which process is most likely to produce a volcano with gentle slopes? a. Magma with a low silica content migrates to the surface of oceanic crust b. Magma with a high gas content builds pressure within the continental crust. c. Oceanic crust collides with and subducts beneath the continental crust. d. Magma is enriched with silica as it moves upward through the crust.

a. Magma with a low silica content migrates to the surface of oceanic crust

The long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to Earth's surface is called the ____________. a. Pipe b. Crater c. Magma Chamber d. Vent

a. Pipe

Volcanic eruptions form volcanic mountain chains such as the Cascade Range. What is the main source of heat in the magma that builds these mountain chains? a. heat within the crust and mantle of Earth b. heat from friction between tectonic plates c. heat produced during earthquakes d. heat rising from the core of Earth

a. heat within the crust and mantle of Earth

Once magma reaches the earth's surface it is called..... a. lava b. silica c. magma d. rock

a. lava

A huge hole that is left behind when a volcano collapses is called a a. Geyser b. Batholith c. Bowl d. Caldera

d. Caldera

Examine the four soil survey maps of the United States. The shading in each map represents the distribution of a different type of soil. Which map most likely represents the distribution of Andisols, soils characterized by the presence of volcanic ash? a. 4 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3

b. 1

The arrows on the map below show the general motion of Earth's major plates. Which number is most likely the location of a volcano formed by a divergent boundary? a. 3 b. 2 c. 1 d. 4

b. 2

The diagram below shows the locations of several volcanic mountains on the big island of Hawaii. Which two volcanic mountain summits are closest to 50 kilometers apart? a. Mauna Loa and Kohala b. Kilauea and Mauna Kea c. Mauna Kea and Kohala d. Hualalai and Kilauea

b. Kilauea and Mauna Kea

Near which geologic structure are the youngest rocks on Earth found? a. normal fault b. active volcano c. kettle hole d. glacial striation

b. active volcano

A volcano found in the center of a tectonic plate tends to be a result of which phenomenon? a. unusually excessive erosion that wears away bedrock b. activity at a hot spot c. pressure in thick sediments that produces heat d. strong earthquake

b. activity at a hot spot

A volcano that is no longer erupting but likely to erupt again in the future is a. dead b. dormant c. active d. extinct

b. dormant

The diagram shows a volcano. This volcano was most likely caused by which activity? a. faulting at a transform boundary b. subduction at a convergent boundary c. subduction at a transform boundary d. faulting at a convergent boundary

b. subduction at a convergent boundary

New evidence suggests that "hot spots" may form in response to "twisting" stresses on plates. It is theorized that these stresses may eventually result in the splitting apart of the tectonic plate in the area of the hot spot. Which of the geographic features would be affected most by the splitting of a tectonic plate? a. the San Andreas Fault b. the Hawaiian Island c. the Mid-Atlantic Ridge d. the Himalayas

b. the Hawaiian Island

Where are most volcanoes located? a. at convergent boundaries, hot spots, and transform boundaries b. at divergent boundaries, transform boundaries, and hot spots c. at convergent boundaries, divergent boundaries, and hot spots d. at divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries, and transform boundaries

c. at convergent boundaries, divergent boundaries, and hot spots

Hawaii is composed mainly of volcanoes with gentle slopes and large surface areas. Which characteristics best describe the lava these volcanoes have released? a. mainly water vapor and large boulders b. highly viscous and relatively cool c. relatively fluid and low viscosity d. mix of hot gas and rock shards

c. relatively fluid and low viscosity

Which of these is evidence for the theory of plate tectonics? a. the prevalence of granite on all the continents b. the melting of the polar ice caps c. the presence of volcanoes around the Pacific rim d. the shifting of biomes as climates change

c. the presence of volcanoes around the Pacific rim

The movement of tectonic plates produces different geologic features on the surface of Earth. Which geologic feature is most likely formed from converging plate boundaries? a. strike-slip fault b. rift valley c. volcanic island d. ocean ridge

c. volcanic island

A scientist maps a long region in which earthquakes originate and determines this region is a transform plate boundary. Which evidence would cause the scientist to reevaluate this determination? a. Equal crust densities are found on opposite sides of the region. b. Earthquake epicenters in the region occur at shallow depths. c. The region shows extensive faulting of sediments. d. Volcanism also characterizes the region.

d. Volcanism also characterizes the region.

The drawings below show two different types of volcanoes. Based on their overall structures, how are these volcanoes most likely different? a. Volcano Type 1 erupts more often b. Volcano Type 2 becomes extinct quicker. c. Volcano Type 2 produces thicker lava. d. Volcano Type 1 has more violent eruptions.

d. Volcano Type 1 has more violent eruptions.

In certain areas, tectonic plates move over hot spots. Which landforms are most likely associated with these hot spots? a. trenches b. mid-ocean ridge c. island arcs d. volcanoes

d. volcanoes