NCLEX Nutrition

The nurse provides dietary instructions to a client at risk for hypokalemia about the foods high in potassium that should be included in the daily diet. The nurse tells the client that the fruit highest in potassium is which selection?

Kiwifruit

A child with leukemia is experiencing nausea related to medication therapy. The nurse, concerned about the child's nutritional status, should offer which during an episode of nausea?

Cool, clear liquids

The nurse has given dietary instructions to a client to minimize the risk of osteoporosis. The nurse determines that the client understands the recommended changes if the client verbalizes to increase intake of which food?

Cottage cheese

The nurse who is assisting in conducting a weight loss program prepares to monitor a client's weight. The nurse understands that which data most accurately determines the effectiveness of weight loss?

Daily weights

A client who has calcium phosphate kidney stones tells the nurse, "Tell me what I can do, so that I never have this pain again." Which instructions should the nurse plan to include in the reinforcement of dietary instructions? Select all that apply.

Decrease sodium intake. Limit the intake of whole grains. 5. Limit protein to 5 to 7 servings per week.

The nurse is preparing to administer an intermittent tube feeding to a client. The nurse aspirates 90 mL of residual from the tube. What should the nurse do with the aspirated residual?

Reinstill the residual and administer the feeding.

The nurse is preparing to administer an intermittent tube feeding to a client. The nurse aspirates 90 mL of residual tube feeding. Which action should the nurse take with the aspirated residual?

Reinstill the residual and administer the feeding.

The nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with gout. The nurse should tell the client to avoid which food item?

Scallops

The nurse caring for a client with a neurological disorder is assisting in planning care to maintain nutritional status. The nurse is concerned about the client's swallowing ability. The nurse avoids including which food item in this client's diet?

Spinach

A client with hypertension has been prescribed a low-sodium diet. The nurse teaching this client about foods that are allowed should include which food in a list provided to the client?

Summer squash

The nurse is developing a nutritional plan for an assigned client. Which is the most critical piece of data to collect before formulating the plan?

The presence of food allergies

A client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition may begin to take small amounts of clear liquids today. The nurse's priority is to collect data regarding which criterion before giving the client anything by mouth?

The presence of the swallow reflex

The nurse needs to increase the calcium in the diet of a client who is lactose intolerant. Which food items should the nurse encourage? Select all that apply.

Tofu 4. Broccoli 5. Sardines 6. Mustard greens

A client has been diagnosed with pernicious anemia. In planning care for the client, the nurse anticipates that the client will be treated with which?

Vitamin B12

The mother of an infant newly diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is being taught proper nutritional needs for the infant. The nurse determines that the mother understands nutritional needs when the mother gives which response?

"I know I need to monitor my infant's stools, and if there are more than four stools a day, I will increase the pancreatic enzyme."

A client in a long-term care facility is being prepared to be discharged to home in 2 days. The client has been eating a regular diet for a week, yet is still receiving intermittent enteral tube feedings and will need to receive these feedings at home. The client states concern about not being able to continue the tube feedings at home. Which nursing response would be appropriate at this time?

"Tell me more about your concerns with your feedings after going home."

A caregiver states that the client eats only about 25% of the food that is offered and seems to be losing weight. The caregiver asks the nurse about feeding the client by a tube into the stomach. Which initial response by the nurse would be appropriate?

"Tube feedings can provide adequate amounts of required nutrients."

A client states that he has removed all dairy foods from his diet because he is lactose intolerant. The nurse plans care for the client, knowing which information?

Calcium and protein are valuable nutrients and need to be supplemented in some form.

A client with heart disease is instructed regarding a low-fat diet. The nurse determines that the client understands the diet if the client states to avoid which food item?

Cheese

A client with a burn injury is transferred to the nursing unit and a regular diet has been prescribed. The nurse encourages the client to eat which dietary items to promote wound healing?

Chicken breast, broccoli, strawberries, and milk

A client is receiving an enteral feeding that delivers 1.5 calories/mL. The feeding is infusing at 30 mL/hr via a feeding pump. Which is the maximal amount of calories the client should receive in an 8-hour period if the tube feeding is not interrupted? Fill in the blank.

360

The nurse is preparing to administer a continuous tube feeding to a client with a nasogastric tube. The health care provider has prescribed an amount of 100 mL/hr. How much formula should the nurse plan to add to fill the feeding bag?

400 mL of formula

An older postoperative client has been tolerating a full liquid diet, and the nurse plans to advance the diet to solid food as prescribed. The nurse collects data regarding which important item before advancing the diet to solids?

Ability to chew

The nurse instructs a client at risk for hypokalemia about the foods high in potassium that should be included in the daily diet. The nurse tells the client that which food provides the least amount of potassium?

Apple

When reinforcing instructions to a client with acute diverticulitis, which should the nurse include?

Avoid whole-grain products.

A low-sodium diet has been prescribed for a client with hypertension. Which food selected from the menu by the client indicates an understanding of this diet?

Baked turkey

A postoperative client has been placed on a clear liquid diet. Which items is the client allowed to consume? Select all that apply.

Broth 2. Coffee 3. Gelatin

A clear liquid diet has been prescribed for a client with gastroenteritis. Which item is appropriate to offer to the client?

Fat-free beef broth

The nurse is assigned to assist in caring for a client who is receiving parenteral nutrition with fat emulsion. The nurse is instructed to monitor the client for signs of fat overload. The nurse monitors for which signs and symptoms of this complication?

Fever and pruritic urticaria

A client has a diagnosis of hyperphosphatemia. The nurse reinforces teaching the client to eliminate which from the diet?

Fish

The nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Fresh corn on the cob

A client is having problems with blood clotting. Which food item should the nurse encourage the client to eat?

Green, leafy vegetables

A 17-year-old pregnant client is being seen at the obstetric clinic. The nurse is reviewing the following laboratory results, which were obtained 2 hours after breakfast: hemoglobin 10.5 g/dL, sodium 140 mEq, glucose 120 mg/dL, potassium 4.1 mEq. Which dietary instruction should the nurse reinforce for this client?

Increase the amount of red meats.

The nurse has conducted dietary teaching with the client diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse determines that the client understands the information if the client states to increase intake of which food?

Kidney beans

The nurse teaches the family of an infant with spina bifida that the infant should not be given which baby foods that may trigger a latex-type food allergy? Select all that apply.

Kiwi Bananas Avocados

A client who has recently been started on enteral feedings begins to complain of abdominal cramping, followed by passage of two liquid stools. The nurse notes that the client has abdominal distention as well. The nurse reviews the nutritional content on the label of the can to see if it contains which ingredient?

Lactose

A client receiving enteral feedings develops abdominal distention and diarrhea shortly after initiation of the feedings. In review of the nursing history for this client, which of these notations indicates the need to notify the health care provider?

Lactose intolerance since childhood

The nurse is caring for a client following a total hip replacement. The client has been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the client to increase intake of which foods?

Lean beef and chicken liver

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client on how to decrease the intake of potassium in the diet. The nurse should tell the client that which food contains the least amount of potassium?

Lettuce

The nurse is reinforcing dietary instructions to a client with tuberculosis. The nurse should specifically instruct the client to increase intake of which food items in the daily diet?

Meats and citrus fruits

The nurse is instructing a client with osteomalacia about appropriate food items to include in the diet. Of the following, which food item should provide the best source of vitamin D?

Milk

The nurse is reinforcing diet teaching for a client on a low-sodium diet for hypertension. The nurse determines that the client needs further teaching when the client makes which statement?

"Canned foods are inexpensive and are good to use on a low-sodium diet."

The nurse has completed diet teaching for a client who has been prescribed a low-sodium diet to treat hypertension. The nurse determines that there is a need for further teaching when the client makes which statement?

"Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables are high in sodium."

A client with hyperkalemia has a prescription for taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) for several days. The client also needs to consume a diet low in potassium. Which foods high in potassium content should the client avoid? Select all that apply.

Cabbage Mushrooms 5. Strawberries

A client is a lacto-vegetarian. Which food item should the nurse remove from the tray?

Eggs

The nurse instructs a client at risk for hypokalemia about the foods high in potassium that should be included in the daily diet. The nurse determines that the client needs further teaching if the client states that which food is high in potassium?

Eggs

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client about complete/high quality protein foods. Which food choice should indicate the client understood the teaching?

Eggs

The nurse is asked to assist with preparing a client who will be receiving a total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution via a central line. The nurse plans to obtain which essential piece of equipment for this procedure?

Electronic infusion pump

A client is admitted to a long-term care facility with the diagnosis of weight loss secondary to anorexia. The health care provider inserts a nasogastric tube and prescribes a tube feeding of a standard formula feeding to run at 50 mL/hr. The nurse plans care, knowing that which is true regarding enteral feedings?

Enteral feedings require the normal digestive capabilities of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

The nurse is instructing a client on how to decrease the intake of magnesium in the diet. The nurse tells the client that which food item contains the least amount of magnesium?

Processed drinking water

The nurse reviews a client's serum sodium level and notes that the level is 150 mEq/L. The health care provider prescribes dietary instructions for the client based on the sodium level. Which food item should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Processed oat cereals

The nurse reinforces instructions to a client to increase the amount of riboflavin in the diet. The nurse should tell the client to select which food item that is high in riboflavin?

Milk

The nurse employed in a well-baby clinic is reinforcing nutrition instructions to the mother of a 1-month-old infant. Which instruction should the nurse provide the mother?

Offer breast milk or formula as the main food.

A client is recovering from abdominal surgery and has a large abdominal wound. The nurse encourages the client to eat which food that is naturally high in vitamin C to promote wound healing?

Oranges

A newly pregnant client is asking how to prevent neural-tube birth defects. Which food choice should the nurse recommend?

Oranges

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client regarding how to decrease the intake of phosphorus in the diet. The nurse should tell the client that which food item contains the least amount of phosphorus?

Oranges