NCLEX-RN Review Test 2 Questions

A patient with hyperthyroidism is scheduled to receive radioactive iodine. What should the nurse explain about the use of radioactive iodine in hyperthyroidism? a) The thyroid gland takes up iodine in any form. b) Radioactive iodine reduces the vascularity of the thyroid gland. c) Irradiation of the thyroid gland decreases the risk of hyperthyroidism. d) Doses of radioactive iodine are too small to be hazardous to other body parts.

a) The thyroid gland takes up iodine in any form.

The nurse is preparing a teaching session on insulin for a group of patients newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which safety feature should the nurse emphasize when discussing insulin glargine (Lantus) and insulin detemir (Levemir)? a) These insulins are clear like regular insulin b) These insulins are activated by vigorous agitation. c) These insulins are combined with glucose to raise energy levels. d) These insulins are subject to being inactivated by light and must be kept cold.

a) These insulins are clear like regular insulin

The nurse suspects that a patient with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion is experiencing hyponatremia. Which manifestation of hyponatremia did the nurse most likely assess? a) irritability. b) weight loss. c) constipation. d) hyperkalemia.

a) irritability.

During a physical examination, the nurse assesses a patient with hypothyroidism as having a goiter. What physiologic process causes the thyroid gland to enlarge? a) An increased dietary iodine intake b) A compensatory effort to produce more TH c) An excess of TH that stimulated thyroid follicles d) Tissue hypertrophy in response to increased TH

b) A compensatory effort to produce more TH

The nurse is preparing an insulin infusion for a patient in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which type of insulin should the nurse use to make this intravenous infusion? a) NPH b) Regular c) Glargine d) Humalog

b) Regular

The home health nurse is planning care for a patient with hyperparathyroidism and osteoporosis. Which nursing diagnosis is the priority for this patient? a) Fear b) Risk for injury c) Social Isolation d) Risk for chronic Low Self-Esteem

b) Risk for injury

A patient recovering from a thyroidectomy is experiencing tingling around the mouth and fingertips. What should these manifestations suggest to the nurse? a) Addisonian crisis b) hypoparathyroidism c) Cushing's syndrome d) hyperparathyroidism

b) hypoparathyroidism

The nurse is reviewing the health histories of newly admitted patients for the risk of developing endocrine disorders. which patient would be most at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus? a) middle-aged man who maintains normal weight b) woman age 70 who is overweight and sedentary c) young adult who is a professional basketball player d) middle-aged woman who is the sole caretaker of her parents

b) woman age 70 who is overweight and sedentary

The nurse is teaching a patient with Addison's disease about the disease process. Which statement illustrates that the patient understands the teaching? a) "I wonder why I look suntanned all the time" b) "I know I should never alter my dose of medications" c) "I have purchased an emergency kit and keep it with me all the time." d) "I will be sure to stop taking my medications when I have an infection."

c) "I have purchased an emergency kit and keep it with me all the time."

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which patient statement indicates teaching about foot care at home was successful? a) "I always buy my shoes as soon as the stores open." b) "I will walk barefooted as long as I am in the house." c) "I will check my feet for cuts and bruises every night." d) "If I get a blister, I will just put alcohol on it and bandage it."

c) "I will check my feet for cuts and bruises every night."

A female patient with Cushing's syndrome is distressed because of the appearance of abdominal stretch marks. What should the nurse explain to the patient about this skin change? a) Excessive mineralcorticoids reduce the absorption of calcium b) Excessive glucocorticoids affect normal carbohydrate metabolism c) Excessive glucocorticoids cause a loss of collagen and connective tissue d) Excessive cortisol results in changes in protein metabolism and protein catabolism

c) Excessive glucocorticoids cause a loss of collagen and connective tissue

A patient who is prescribed insulin for diabetes control is scheduled for surgery in the morning. What should the nurse anticipate regarding the prescribed morning regular insulin dose? a) It will be given intravenously. b) It should be chilled to slow absorption. c) It will be given at the usual prescribed dose. d) It should be combined with long-acting insulin.

c) It will be given at the usual prescribed dose.

The nurse is preparing to instruct a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus on the complication of diabetic ketoacidosis. Which pathologic process should the nurse review with the patient about this complication? a) A decreased amount of glucagon causes low protein levels. b) An excess amount of insulin drives all glucose into the cells. c) a deficit of insulin causes fat stores to be used as an energy source d) an increase occurs in the breakdown of glucose molecules with hypoglycemia.

c) a deficit of insulin causes fat stores to be used as an energy source

The nurse is concerned that a patient is showing signs of hypercalcemia. What did the nurse assess in this patient? a) oliguria. b) positive Chvostek's sign. c) diminished bowel sounds. d) hyperactive deep tendon reflexes.

c) diminished bowel sounds.

The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis Risk for Injury as appropriate for a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus because of peripheral neuropathy involving both feet. Which assessment would support this diagnosis? a) loss of normal reflexes b) normal sensation to touch c) states "I can't feel my feet anymore" d) states "I have been having chest pain"

c) states "I can't feel my feet anymore"

The nurse is reviewing laboratory values and notes that a patient will soon begin treatment for diabetes mellitus. Which glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) level is on the patient's medical record? a) 1.7% b) 3.4% c) 5.2% d) 6.8%

d) 6.8%

While reviewing a medication list, the nurse learns that a new patient has taken cortisone as treatment for rheumatoid arthritis for several years. What endocrine disorder is the patient most at risk for developing? a) Acromegaly b) Hypothyroidism c) Hyperthyroidism d) Cushing's Syndrome

d) Cushing's Syndrome

The nurse is preparing teaching for a patient diagnosed with Graves' disease. What should the nurse explain about this problem? a) It is a genetic disorder. b) It is caused by an allergy. c) It occurs in response to an infection. d) It develops an autoimmune response.

d) It develops an autoimmune response.

The nurse is teaching a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus how to self-administer the daily prescribed insulin. In which body area should the nurse teach that the most rapid absorption of the medication occurs? a) hip b) thigh c) deltoid d) abdomen

d) abdomen

Through genetic testing a patient learns of having markers that indicate immune destruction of the beta cells. Which health problem is this patient prone to developing? a) type 2 diabetes mellitus b) maturity-onset diabetes mellitus c) idiopathic type 1 diabetes mellitus d) immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus

d) immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus