NCM120: TRANSCULTURAL NURSING MIDTERM

Dong-Quai

A type of herbal remedy, Called "female ginseng" because it is used for health conditions in women. Highly regarded herb in Chinese medicine, also used in traditional Korean and Japanese medicine.

Ginseng

A type of herbal remedy, Treatment of anemia, atherosclerosis, edema, ulcers, hypertension, influenza, colds, inflammation and disorders of the immune system (American). Considered a "heart raising" tonic for the blood and circulatory system (Asian)

Gingko Biloba

A type of herbal remedy, Used in traditional Chinese medicine for asthma, bronchitis, fatigue, circulatory disorders, sexual dysfunction, and tinnitus

Echinacea

A type of herbal remedy, Used to treat wounds and skin problems, such as acne or boils

Evening primrose

A type of herbal remedy, Used to treat wounds and skin problems, such as acne or boils

Aloe vera

A type of herbal remedy, applied as topical ointment for treatment of inflammation, sunburn, cuts, bruises, and abrasions

Ginger

A type of herbal remedy, treat post-surgery nausea

Paradigm

A way of viewing the world and the phenomena in it.

Alaska Natives

They refer to soul loss and breach of taboo as breaking a social norm

TIP model

This model incorporates the inter-professional health care team, effective verbal and nonverbal communication between all team members, and a five-step systematic, scientific problem-solving process, which includes assessment, mutual goal setting, planning, implementing, and evaluating the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions and care.

Papua New Guinea

Where did Madeleine leininger conducted her research when she noted there were cultural differences between patients and nurses while working with emotionally disturbed children

Determining whether any family member is a cigarette smoker

Which intervention demonstrates the nurse's application of the holistic health belief system when managing the care of the child newly diagnosed with asthma?

Encouraging the client to describe his or her illness in terms of his or her cultural metaphors

Which intervention will best assist the nurse in understand in the culturally diverse client's perception and description of his or her current illness?

Notifying the client that he or she is entitled to language translation services

Which nursing intervention best shows compliance with offering linguistically appropriate services for a culturally diverse population?

Medical professionals shouldn't glorify the act of giving birth.

Which of the following about the significance of birth is untrue?

Speaking another language

Which of the following is an example of verbal communication?

Nurses who engaged in critical reflection on their own values, beliefs, and cultural heritage to gain an understanding of how these characteristics and issues can impact culturally congruent nursing care.

Which statement best describes "Cultural Self-Assessment"?

"I'm always careful to apologize when I'm having difficulty understanding a client"

Which statement demonstrates the nurse's ability to communicate sincerely and respectfully with a culturally diverse client population?

"Will you explain to me what you mean when you say your heart hurts?"

Which statement demonstrates the nurse's understanding of the importance cultural symbolism has on nursing care?

Madeleine Leininger

Who conceptualized transcultural nursing?

Magissa

Woman who cures matiasma or evil eye; may be referred to as doctor

G6PD deficiency (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency)

X-linked genetic defect with clinical manifestations of neonatal jaundice and/or acute or chronic hemolytic anemia triggered by medications, infections, and fava bean

Patient's communication style

You are the nurse caring for a patient who is a recent immigrant to the United States from Mexico. Which of the following variables would you prioritize when performing an assessment of the patients cultural beliefs?

Genetics

a branch of biology that studies heredity and the variations of inherited characteristics

Individual Cultural Competence

a complex integration of knowledge, attitudes, values, beliefs, behaviors, skills, practices, and cross-cultural nurse-client interactions that include effective communication and the provision of safe, affordable, accessible, research, evidence-based, and best practice, acceptable, quality and efficacious nursing care for clients from diverse background

Health

a reward given as a sign of God's blessing and goodwill

Yoga

a term derived from a Sanskrit word meaning yoke or union.

Cross-cultural communication

ability to successfully form, foster, and sustain relationships with members of a culture that differs from one's own

20% and 9%

about ___ of the US population speaks a language other than English at home, and __ has limited English proficiency.

Culturally competent care

an extension of interprofessional collaborative practice

Health behavior

any activity undertaken by a person who believes himself or herself to be healthy for the purpose of preventing disease or detecting disease in an asymptomatic stage.

Sick role behavior

any activity undertaken by a person who considers himself ill to get well or to deal with the illness.

Illness behavior

any activity undertaken by a person who feels ill to define the state of his or her health and discover a suitable remedy.

Dietary supplements

are products (other than tobacco) taken by mouth that contain a dietary ingredient intended to supplement the diet

Mechanism

assumes that it is possible to control life processes through mechanical, genetic, and other engineered interventions

Disruption of daily activities

behaviors that are very disruptive in work or other social situations are likely to be labeled as illness much sooner than the same behaviors in a family setting. An individual whose activities are disrupted by a symptoms is likely to take that symptoms seriously even if on another occasion he would consider the same symptom trivial.

Latinos

believe health and disease to be consequences of God's approval or disapproval of one's behavior

Genetic tests

can identify heterozygous carriers for many recessive diseases such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, and Tay- Sachs disease

History

combined with the objective data from the physical examination and laboratory results to form a diagnosis about the health status of a person

Content

consists of the actual data categories in which information about clients is gathered.

Symptoms

defined as phenomena experienced by individuals that signify a departure from normal function, sensation, or appearance and that might include physical aberrations

Disabling hearing loss

defined as the loss of greater than 40 decibels in the better ear in adults and the loss of greater than 30 decibels in the better ear in children

Yin

force in the universe represents the female aspect of nature.

Cultural assessment

foundation for culturally competent and culturally congruent nursing care

Vulnerable population

groups that are poorly integrated into the health care system because of ethnic, cultural, economics, geographic (rural and urban settings), or health characteristics (i.e. disabilities or multiple chronic conditions)

Ill client

health history includes a chronologic record of the health problems

Well-client

history is used to assess lifestyle; includes: activity, exercise, diet, and related personal behaviors and choices that nurses may gather to identify potential risk factors for disease.

Health tourism

in which patients travel to other countries for medical and surgical health care needs

Ayurveda

includes diet and herbal remedies and emphasizes the use of body, mind, and spirit in disease prevention and treatment

Illness

initiated by a supernatural agent with or without justification or by another person who practices sorcery or engages the services of sorcerers.

Aromatherapy

involves the use of essential oils (extracts or essences) from flowers, herbs, and trees to promote health and well-being.

Reiki

is a Japanese word representing Universal Life Energy. Reiki is based on the belief that when spiritual energy is channeled through a Reiki practitioner, the patient's spirit is healed, which in turn heals the physical body.

Osteopathic medicine

is a form of conventional medicine that, in part, emphasizes diseases arising in the musculoskeletal system

Naturopathy

is an alternative medical system based on the premise that there is a healing power in the body that establishes, maintains, and restores health.

Homeopathic medicine

is an alternative medical system. In homeopathic medicine, there is a belief that "like cures like," meaning that small, highly diluted quantities of medicinal substances are given to cure symptoms, even though the same substances given at higher or more concentrated doses would actually cause those symptoms.

Therapeutic touch

is based on the premise that the healing force of the therapist affects the patient's recovery; healing is promoted when the body's energies are in balance

Traditional Chinese Medicine

is the current name for an ancient system of health care from China.

Reductionism

life can be reduces or divide into smaller parts.

Etic perspective

looking at the situation from an outsider's vantage point

Yang

male force, is characterized by fullness, light, and warmth

yang

male force, is characterized by fullness, light, and warmth

Illness

may be seen as a sign of God's special favor in so far as it gives the affected person the opportunity to become resigned to God's will, or it may be seen as a sign of God's possession or as a punishment

Leiden V

most common hereditary abnormality of hemostasis predisposing to thrombosis

Domestic violence

most significant health care threats for women and their unborn children

Signs

objective abnormalities that the examiner can detect on physical examination or through laboratory testing

Cultural Affliation

one of the first areas the nurse should assess in the cultural self-assessment

Refugeees

people who flee their country of origin for fear of persecution based on ethnicity, race, religion, political opinion or related reasons) and other casualties of civil unrest or war in politically unstable parts of the world.

Immigrants

people who move from one country or region to another for economics, political, religious, social, and personal reasons.

Ethnicity

perception of oneself and a sense of belonging to a particular ethnic group

Health history

provides valuable information about the coping strategies and health-related behaviors and responses used by previously by clients and family members.

Cultural stereotype

refers to a preconceived, fixed or perception or impression of someone from a particular cultural group without meeting the person.

Guided imagery

refers to a wide variety of techniques, including simple visualization and direct suggestion using imagery, metaphor and story-telling, fantasy exploration and game playing, dream interpretation, drawing, and active imagination where elements of the unconscious are invited to appear as images that can communicate with the conscious mind (Academy for Guided Imagery, 2014).

Culture-universal

refers to commonly shared values, norms of behavior and life patterns that are similarly held among cultures about human behavior and lifestyles

Process

refers to how to approach the client, consideration of verbal and non-verbal communication, and the sequence and order in which data are gathered

Prejudice

refers to inaccurate perceptions of others or preconceived judgements about people based on ethnicity, race, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, social class, size, disability, religion, language, political opinion, or related personal characteristics.

Interprofessional collaborative practice

refers to multiple health providers from different professional backgrounds working together with patients, families, caregivers, and communities to deliver the highest quality care (WHO, 2010).

Culture-particular

refers to particular values, beliefs, and patterns of behavior that tend to be special or unique to a group and do not tend to bed shared with members of other cultures

Parents

refers to primary care provider whether natural, adoptive, relational or those who are unrelated but who function as primary providers of care and/or parent surrogates for varying periods of time.

Cultural baggage

refers to the tendency for a person's own culture to be foremost in his/her assumptions, thoughts, words, and behavior.

Bias

refers to the tendency, outlook, or inclination that results in an unreasoned judgement, positive or negative, about a person, place, or object.

Gotu Kola

rejuvenating herb that increases intelligence, longetivity, and memory while slowing the aging process

Determinism

states that a cause and effect relationship exists for all natural phenomena

Objective materialism

states that what is real can be observed and measured. There is a further distinction between subjective and objective realities in this paradigm

Anthropology

study of humans

Genomics

study that addresses all genes and their interrelationship to identify their combined influence on the growth and development of the organism.

Racism

the belief that one's own race is superior and has the right to dominate others.

Transcultural nursing

the blending of nursing and anthropology

Yin and Yang

the forces of nature are balanced to produce harmony

Culture

the learned, shared, and transmitted values, beliefs, norms and lifeways of a particular group of people that guide thinking, decisions, and actions in a patterned way

Quality of symptoms

the more frightening or visible the symptoms, the greater the likelihood that the individual will intervene

Seriousness of symptoms

the perceived threat of the symptoms must be serious for action to be taken. Often others will step in if the person's behavior is considered dangerous

Epigenetics

the study of how genes are influenced by forces such as environment

Pharmacogenomics

the study of the role of inherited and acquired genetic variation in drug response, is an evolving field that facilitates the identification of biomarkers that can help health providers optimize drug selection, dose, and treatment duration as well as eliminate adverse drug reactions.

Cultural imposition

the tendency of a person or group to impose their values, beliefs and practices onto others.

Massage

therapists manipulate muscle and connective tissue to enhance function of those tissues and promote relaxation and well-being.

Cultural norm

unconscious behavior patterns that are typical of specific groups

Amniocentesis

usually performed at 16 weeks' gestation; chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is carried out at 10 to 12 weeks' gestation;

Scientific or biomedical health paradigm

A type of health belief system where Considers only forces that cannot be observed and measured. When the scientific paradigm is applied to matters of health.

Sorcery, breach of taboo, intrusion of a disease object, intrusion of a disease causing spirit, loss of soul

5 categories or events believed for illness in the Magico-religious Paradigm

Latinos

A culture of a country that the male child is expected to maintain strong control over his emotions, and not cry in the presence of others; therefore, a child crying in pain may be interpreted one way by a nurse and dismissed as inappropriate gender-related behavior by a parent.

Race

A group of people who share such genetically transmitted traits such as skin color, hair, texture, and eye shape or color.

Campinha-Bacote Model

A model of cultural competence consists of the following five constructs namely cultural awareness, cultural skills, cultural knowledge, cultural encounter and cultural desire.

Taboos

A number of factors influence childbearing practices for Filipino women includes all except of:

Prescriptive beliefs

A positive set of ideas outlining what needs to be done in order to have a healthy infant

Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality

A theory where this focuses on describing, explaining, and predicting nursing similarities and differences focused primarily on human care and caring in human cultures

Non-verbal communication

A type of communication, how people convey meaning without words, Facial expressions, gestures, posture, physical distance, silence, eye contact

Mixed

A type of communication, modesty, technology assisted.

verbal communication

A type of communication, spoken word, language (over 6,000 worldwide), tone of voice, abbreviations, idioms.

Biomedical Model

A type of health belief system where All aspects of human health can be understood through the natural sciences, biology, chemistry, physics and mathematic

Magico-religious and holistic

A type of health belief system where Disease is thought of as an entity separate from self, caused by an agent external to the body but capable of getting and causing damage.

Holistic Health Paradigm

A type of health belief system where The forces of nature itself must be kept in natural balance or harmony

Beta-Thalassemia

An autosomal recessive inherited anemia caused by absent or decreased betaglobin chain synthesis during hemoglobin production

Genome

An organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes.

Emic or insider's perspective

The ability to see the situation from the client's point of view

Breast Cancer BRCA1 and BRCA2

Autosomal dominant; accounting for 5% US cases.

Alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency (AAT)

Autosomal recessive disorder resulting in early onset emphysema and liver disease

Sickle Cell Disease

Autosomal recessive genetic disorder, patients with same genotype may have highly variable phenotypes, ranging from asymptomatic to life threatening complications

2050

By year ___, more than half the population will come from racial.

Multiethnicity

Can also mean feeling that one does not belong to any group because of ?

Lay midwives

Care for women before, during, and after delivery

Susto

Caused by a frightening experience and is recognized by nervousness, loss of appetite and loss of sleep

Evil Eye (Malojo)

Caused by an individual who voluntarily or involuntarily injures a child by looking at or admiring him or her

Yerbero

Consulted for preventive and curative use of herbs for both traditional and Western illnesses

2 weeks

Cultural prescriptions vary regarding when women can return to full activity after childbirth, but many traditional cultures suggest that a woman can resume normal activities in as little as how many weeks?

Socioeconomic status, ability or disability, age, sexual orientation, and occupation/profession

Culture encompasses? (5)

Empacho

Digestive condition caused by the adherence of undigested food to some part of the GI tract

Residents of urban areas

Disparities in Health are a population-specific issue. Distinctions in the existence of disease, health outcomes, or access to health treatment. The following populations are affected by health disparities, except?

Crystal gazer, hand trembler (Navajo)

Diviner diagnostician who can identify the cause of a problem, either by using crystals or by placing hand over the sick person; does not implement treatment

Caida de la mollera

Failure of the midwife to press preventively on the palate after delivery, falling on the head, abruptly removing the nipple from the infant's mouth and failing to place a cap on the infant's head.

Chiropractic

Focuses on the relationship between bodily structure primarily that of the spine and function, and how that relationship affects the preservation and restoration of health

Ashkenazi Jewish Women

Group impacted for breast cancer?

Pujos

Grunting sounds and protrusion of the umbilicus

Problem solving

Guides health care teams in determining what the client needs to obtain optimal wellbeing and health.

Disease

In Magico-religious and holistic belief, this is thought of as an entity separate from self, caused by an agent external to the body but capable of getting and causing damage.

Alpha-Thalassemia

Hereditary anemia caused by defect during hemoglobin production; various clinical phenotypes - from silent carrier to more severe

Post partum depression

Identifying and reporting of this condition in non-Western cultures may be delayed by culturally unacceptable labelling of the varying symptoms and treatment differences among post-partum women.

Attentively listen to the complaints of the patient.

In the clinical setting, what caring behaviors do you employ?

Qigong

It is a component of traditional Chinese medicine that combines movement, meditation, and regulation of breathing to enhance the flow of qi in the body improve blood circulation, and enhance immune function

Pain

It is sometimes referred to as the fifth vital sign and is the most common and important reason why people seek medical attention.

Ethnocentrism

It refers to the human tendency to consider one's own group as the core of the universe and superior to all other groups.

Discrimination

It refers to the unfair or unequal treatment of a person or group based on their age, disability, ethnicity, gender, marital status, national origin, race, religion, or sexual orientation.

Herbalist

Knowledgeable in diagnosis of illness and herbal remedies.

Scientific or Biomedical Health Behavior

Life is controlled by a series of physical and biochemical processes that can be studied and manipulated by humans

Native Alaskans

Mongolian spots are a normal variation in children of the following races except of:

Priest (Orthodox)

May be called on for advice, blessings, exorcisms, or direct healing

Braucher or baruch-doktor

Men or women who use a combination of modalities including physical manipulation, massage, herbs, teas, reflexology, and brauche, a folk-healing art with origins in 18th and 19th century Europe; especially effective in the treatment of bedwetting, nervousness, and women's health problems; may be generalist or specialist in practice; some set up treatment rooms; some see non-Amish as well as Amish patients

Restrictive beliefs

Negatively phrased beliefs limit choices and behaviors and are practices/behaviors that the mother should not engage in order to have a healthy baby

Tay-Sachs disease

Neurodegenerative disorder caused by inborn error of metabolism

Metaphor

One aspect of life is connected to another through a shared symbol

Albinism

Refers to a condition that has little or no pigment in their eyes, skin or hair

Cultural Assessment

Refers to a systematic, comprehensive examination of individuals, families groups, and communities regarding their health-related cultural beliefs, values and practices

Culture bound syndrome

Refers to more than 200 disorders created by personal, social and cultural reactions to malfunctioning biological or psychological processes and can be understood only within defined context of meaning and social relationship

Diversity

Refers to the client's distinctiveness in terms of race, ethnicity, national origin, socioeconomic background, age, gender, sexual orientation, philosophical and religious ideology, lifestyle, level of education, literacy, marital status, physical, emotional, and psychological ability, political ideology, size, and other characteristics used to compare or categorize people.

Communication

Refers to the meaningful exchange of information between one or more participants.

Genotyping

Refers to the process of identifying differences in genetic make up using biological testing rather than assuming their population affiliation.

Taboos

Restrictions with serious supernatural consequences, are practices believed to harm the baby or the mother is referred as:

Von Willebrand Disease

Resulting in platelet and clotting defect

Bonesetters

Specialize in treating uncomplicated fractures

Mexican-American

The decisions on which positions to take depend on many things besides culture, and socialization that takes place when a woman enters a labor and delivery facility may prevent her from expressing her preference. Which nation favors sitting down?

Refrain from walking the streets at noon or 5 o'clock for Vietnamese

The following are restrictive beliefs regarding activity and pregnancy except of:

Global cultural conflicts, clashes, and violence doesn't have a great impact to health care.

The following are the factors that influenced Dr. Leininger to establish TCN as a framework for addressing 20th century and health care challenges and issues, except?

Family income status

The following are the indicators of child health status, except?

Hot

The hot/cold theory views pregnancy as?

Hip dysplasia

The nurse is assessing a 5 month old american indian infant whose culture includes the use of a cradleboard. What physical complication should the nurse be alert to regarding this child?

Valerian

Used as a medicinal herb since Ancient Greece and Rome for insomnia

Saint John's Wort

Used first in Ancient Greece and historically to treat mental disorders and nerve pain. Also used to treat malaria, as a sedative, and topically for wounds, burns, and insect bites

Shaman

Uses incantations, prayers, and herbs to cure a wide range of physical, psychological and spiritual illnesses

Sunrise Enabler

Visual representation of the concepts of Madeleine Leininger theory

Yellow bile, black bile, phlegm and blood

What are the four body humors in the hot/cold theory of disease?

Organizational cultural competence

What category of cultural competence where this focuses on the collective competence of the members of an organization and their effectiveness in meeting the diverse needs of their clients, patients, staff and community.

Individual cultural competence

What category of cultural competence where this refers to the care provided for an individual client by one or more nurses, physicians, social workers, and/or other health care, education, or social services professionals.

Hmong culture

What culture considers the placenta to be the infant's first set of garments and includes it in placental burial ceremonies.

Vaginal examination

What tests might be intrusive or embarrassing to pregnant women?

Cultural Competence in Healthcare systems and organizations

What type of guideline for the Practice of Culturally Competent Nursing Care, healthcare organizations should provide the structure and resources necessary to evaluate and meet the cultural and language needs of their diverse clients

Multicultural Workforce

What type of guideline for the Practice of Culturally Competent Nursing Care, nurses shall actively engage in the effort to ensure a multicultural workforce in healthcare settings.

Evidence-based practice and research

What type of guideline for the Practice of Culturally Competent Nursing Care, nurses shall base their practice on interventions that have been systematically tested and shown to be the most effective for the culturally diverse populations that they serve

Education and training in culturally competent care

What type of guideline for the Practice of Culturally Competent Nursing Care, nurses shall be educationally prepared to provide culturally congruent health care.

Critical reflection

What type of guideline for the Practice of Culturally Competent Nursing Care, nurses shall engage in critical reflection of their own values, beliefs, and cultural heritage in order to have an awareness of how these qualities and issues can impact culturally congruent nursing care

Knowledge of cultures

What type of guideline for the Practice of Culturally Competent Nursing Care, nurses shall gain an understanding of the perspectives, traditions, values. practices and family systems of culturally diverse individuals, families, communities, and populations they care for, as well as knowledge of the complex variables that affect the achievement of health and well-being

Cross-Cultural leadership

What type of guideline for the Practice of Culturally Competent Nursing Care, nurses shall have the ability to influence individuals, groups, and systems to achieve outcomes of culturally competent care for diverse populations

Patient advocacy and empowerment

What type of guideline for the Practice of Culturally Competent Nursing Care, nurses shall recognize the effect of healthcare policies, delivery systems, and resources on their patient populations, and shall empower and advocate for their patients as indicated. Nurses shall advocate for the inclusion of their patient's cultural beliefs and practices in all dimension of their healthcare

Cross-Cultural Communication

What type of guideline for the Practice of Culturally Competent Nursing Care, use culturally competent verbal and nonverbal communication skills to identify client's values, beliefs, practices, perceptions and unique healthcare needs