nervous system chapter 13
what is the correct sequence of events at a synapse
3 1 5 2 4
over 50 different neurotransmitters have been identified, but the best known is
acetylocholine
pathways that connect the CNS with effectors are
all answers correct
subdivisions of the PNS include
all answers correct
the activity o the nervous system is dependent upon
all answers correct
types of synapses include which of the following
all answers correct
cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands are under the control of the
autonomic nervous system
the portion of a neuron that carries info in the form of a nerve impulse is called
axon
the area that connects the cell body to the axon is called the
axon hillock
movement of nutrients, wastes, organelles between the cell body and axon terminals is called
axoplasmic transport
which of the following are examples of neuroeffector synapses
both neuromuscular synapse and neuroglandular synapse
the CNS includes the
brain and spinal cord
when a neural pathway splits to involve many areas of the nervous system, the type of processing is known as
diverging
which of the following neuroglia produce cerebrospinal fluid
ependymal cells
the effects of a neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic membrane include which of the following
excitatory or inhibitory responses
satellite cells surround the cell bodies of peripheral neurons, which can be found in the
ganglia
organized masses of axons and neuron cell bodies in both of the CNS and the PNS
have distinct anatomical boundaries
demyelination
is the gradual reduction in myelin
because a neuron loses its centrioles
it is rendered incapable of dividing
if the point of an extremely small probe passed into a satellite cell, it would be located in which region of the nervous system
near a cell body in a ganglion of the PNS
the surface of the brain is called the
neural cortex
which of the following is gray matter
neural cortex
the outermost covering of a myelinated axon is called
neurolemma
cells responsible for info processing and transfer are
neurons
at a vesicular synapse the neurons communicate by
neurotransmitters
areas of a myelinated axon that are NOT covered by myelin are called
nodes
areas of gray matter in the inferior of the CNS from larger groups called
nuclei
a group of neuron cell bodies in the CNS that has a discrete boundary is called a
nuclus
which type of cell can only be found in the CNS?
oligodendrocytes
axons extending from a peripheral ganglion to an effector are called
postganglionic fibers
the functional classifications of neuron includes ____, which carry info toward the CNS
sensory neurons
microglia are the
smallest neuroglial cell
Which of the following structures do NOT contribute to the coarse grainy appearance of the perikaryon of a neuron
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
receptors may be classified as
somatic and visceral
generation of an action potential at an axon of neuron may be caused by
stimulation of any portion of the dendrites of the nueron and/or input from various presynaptic cells
neurotransmitters are
stored in synaptic vesicles
neuroglia in the nervous system function to
support neurons
the structural classification of a neuron is based upon
the number of processes that project from the cell body
injured neurons can recover their functional capabilities if
the oxygen and nutrient supplies are restored
involuntary cardiac muscle fibers on the heart are innervated by
visceral motor fibers
areas of the nervous system that are dense in a myelinated axons are referred to as
white matter
Functions of the nervous system include which of the following?
All answers correct
non-vesicular synapses are unique because they have
a communicating junction
a neuron pool is
a group of interconnected neurons with specific functions
action potentials result from
abrupt changing of the transmembrane potential
to contact a schwann cell, where would a microprobe have to be inserted in the nervous system
along any axon in the PNS, myelinated or not
If the CNS was susceptible to a drug that should not affect it, this might indicate damage to which of the following cells?
astrocytes
pathways leading from the receptors to the CNS are called
both afferent and sensory pathways
the anatomical subdivisions of the nervous system are the
central and peripheral nervous systems
nerve impulse transmission between cvells of the CNS without any delay can be attributed to
communicating junctions that permit the passage of ions between the cells
muscles, glands, and special cells that respond to stimuli are called
effectors
the process of reverberation involves
extension of collateral axons back toward the source of an impulse and further stimulation of the presynaptic neurons
which of the following are most closely involved with somatic sensory neurons?
exteroceptors
a neuron might be temporarily unable to transmit an impulse to another if
its supply of neurotransmitters is exhausted
if all of the glial cells of the nervous system were destroyed, which of the following would occur?
less than 20% of the cells of the nervous system would remain
in the process known as wallerian degeneration
macrophage remove the debris of damaged axons
an inhibitory response
makes an action potential less likely
a biopsy of infected on injured tissue from the CNS will most likely show an elevated number of
microglia
which of the following selections lists only types of glial cells?
microglia, oligodendrocytes, and schawnn cells
myelin is
mostly lipid
functions of the PNS include
providing sensory info to the CNS and carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems
in the case of most neurons, the arrival of a nerve impulse at the terminal bouton immediately triggers
release of ACh at presynaptic membrane
a communicating junction acts to facilitate
the passage of ions between the cells
the rate of conduction of a nerve impulse depends upon
the presence or absence of a myelin sheath
a nerve impulse triggers events at a synapse or junction that
transfer info either to another neuron or to an effector cell