Nervous System - Chapter 13

The delicate innermost membrane, or meningeal layer, that clings to the surface of the brain and spinal cord is known as the ___ mater. a. dura b. pia c. arachnoid d. periosteal

b. pia

What organelle wraps and surrounds that myofibril and stores calcium? a. sarcolemma b. sarcoplasmic reticulum c. cross bridge d. sarcomere

b. sarcoplasmic reticulum

What are the major positive ions situated outside the neuron when it is polarized? a. magnesium ions b. sodium ions c. calcium ions d. potassium ions

b. sodium ions

What portion of the diencephalon acts as a relay station for sensory impulses traveling upward to the sensory cortex? a. hypothalamus b. thalamus c. pons d. pituitary gland

b. thalamus

To perform heart surgery, an incision is made into ___ cavity. a. abdominal b. thoracic c. cranial d. pelvic

b. thoracic

Which of the following is the smallest unit of all living things? a. organ b. organ system c. cell d. tissue

c. cell

Cellular material located outside the nucleus yet inside the plasma membrane is the ___. a. nucleolus b. interstitial fluid c. cytoplasm d. extracellular fluid

c. cytoplasm

Which of the following indicates damage to the primary motor area? a. inability to say word properly b. inability to involuntarily move smooth muscles c. inability to voluntarily move skeletal muscles d. inability to form complex memories e. inability to recognize patterns and faces

c. inability to voluntarily move skeletal muscles

Hair color is due to a pigment known as ___. a. keratin b. carotene c. melanin d. hemoglobin

c. melanin

The organelle responsible for making the majority of ATP in a cell is the ___. a. rough endoplasmic reticulum b. lysosome c. mitochondrion d. Golgi apparatus

c. mitochondrion

The specialized cellular compartments within the cytosol of the cells are collectively called ___. a. cilia b. microvilli c. organelles d. flagella

c. organelles

In which cerebral lobe is the primary somatic sensory cortex located? a. temporal b. occipital c. parietal d. frontal

c. parietal

The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ___ an atom contains. a. protons and neutrons b. neutrons and electrons c. protons d. neutrons

c. protons

Which cranial nerve transmits impulses for the senses of hearing and balance? a. accessory b. glossopharyngeal c. vestibulocochlear d. oculomotor e. hypoglossal

c. vestibulocochlear

Which of the following is one of the major functions of the pons? a. consciousness b. breathing c. thirst d. hunger

b. breathing

Cerebrospinal fluid is formed from blood by clusters of capillaries in the brain known as ___. a. sinuses b. choroid plexuses c. ventricles d. arachnoid vili

b. choroid plexuses

The large fiber tract that allows communication between the two cerebral hemispheres is called the ___. a. thalamus b. corpus callosum c. pons d. fornix

b. corpus callosum

Which cranial nerves control eye movement? a. cranial nerve II, IV, V b. cranial nerve III, IV, VI c. cranial nerve IX, X, XI d. cranial nerve VIII, X, XII e. cranial nerve V, VI, VIII

b. cranial nerve III, IV, VI

Matter is best described as ___. a. having no mass b. the ability to do work c. the ability to put matter into motion d. anything that occupies space and has mass

d. anything that occupies space and has mass

Julie experienced a break in the shaft of her femur. What part of her bone was fractured? a. epiphyseal plate b. articular cartilage c. epiphyseal line d. diaphysis e. epiphysis

d. diaphysis

The brain and spinal cord are protected and cushioned by three connective tissue membranes that are collectively called ___. a. ventricles b. arachnoid villi c. sinuses d. meninges

d. meninges

One neuron and all the skeletal muscles it stimulates is known as a ___. a. sarcoplasmic reticulum b. synaptic cleft c. neuromuscular junction d. motor unit

d. motor unit

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system? a. support the body b. protection of soft body organs c. storage of fat and minerals d. regulation of blood pressure

d. regulation of blood pressure

A special group of neurons in the gray matter of the brain stem that plays a role in consciousness and the awake or sleep cycles in the ___. a. pineal gland b. cerebrum c. cerebellum d. reticular activating system (RAS) e. limbic system

d. reticular activating system (RAS)

The pleura and pericardium are examples of ___ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior. a. mucous b. cutaneous c. synovial d. serous

d. serous

The blood-brain barrier is formed by ___ junctions that nearly seamlessly bind capillaries in the brain ___. a. gap b. desmosome c. intercalated d. tight

d. tight

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are two arms of the ___. a. voluntary nervous system b. central nervous system c. peripheral nervous system d. somatic nervous system e. autonomic nervous system

e. autonomic nervous system

The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the ___. a. pineal gland b. cerebellum c. diencephalon d. hypothalamus e. brain stem

e. brain stem

What specific part of the midbrain houses reflex centers for vision and hearing? a. pons b. medulla oblongata c. reticular formation d. fourth ventricle e. corpora quadrigemina

e. corpora quadrigemina

A stroke in the primary motor area has caused Don to lose control over his skeletal muscles on the right side of his body. What lobe of his brain was damaged? a. occipital lobe b. pyramidal tract c. temporal lobe d. parietal lobe e. frontal lobe

e. frontal lobe

The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of ___. a. nutrients such as glucose b. fats c. water d. respiratory gases e. metabolic waste such as urea

e. metabolic waste such as urea

Which one of the following represents the correct sequence from outermost to innermost layers of the meninges? a. arachnoid mater, dura mater, pia mater b. dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater c. pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater d. dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid mater e. pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater

b. dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Which of the following are pigments that contribute to skin color? a. sebum, sweat, urea b. melanin, carotene, hemoglobin c. collagen, elastic, keratin d. melanin, jaundice, erythema

b. melanin, carotene, hemoglobin

The passive process that involves the movement of water through aquaporins is ___. a. endocytosis b. osmosis c. solute pumping d. facilitated diffusion

b. osmosis

Sally has a brain injury, she knows what she wants to say but can't vocalize the words. The part of her brain that deals with the ability to say words properly is the ___. a. Broca's area b. primary motor area c. longitudinal fissure d. central sulcus e. gyrus

a. Broca's area

What cells from the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the PNS? a. Schwann cells b. microglial cells c. satellite cells d. ependymal cells

a. Schwann cells

Wendy had a few alcoholic drinks, then found walking and maintaining her balance difficult. Which part of her brain was sedated by the alcohol? a. cerebellum b. thalamus c. pons d. cerebrum e. hypothalamus

a. cerebellum

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulates through all the following EXCEPT ___. a. corpus callosum b. subarachnoid space c. fourth ventricle d. lateral ventricles e. cerebral aqueduct

a. corpus callosum

The thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus collectively constitute the ___. a. diencephalon interbrain b. cerebellum c. brain stem d. cerebrum

a. diencephalon interbrain

Which of the following is NOT a hallmark feature of epithelial tissues? a. epithelial tissues are well vascularized b. epithelial tissues have a basement membrane c. epithelial tissues fit closely to form continuous sheets d. epithelial tissues have an apical surface

a. epithelial tissues are well vascularized

___ glands possess duct that transport secretions into epithelial surfaces. a. exocrine b. adrenal c. thyroid d. endocrine

a. exocrine

Anaerobic glycolysis requires ___ to make ATP. a. glucose only b. creatine phosphate only c. oxygen only d. both oxygen and glucose

a. glucose only

When James shaves his face, which portion of the hair is removed? a. hair shaft b. hair matrix c. hair root d. hair follicle

a. hair shaft

Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst associated with the ___. a. hypothalamus b. medulla oblongata c. thalamus d. cerebrum e. cerebellum

a. hypothalamus

Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle associated with an atom? a. ion b. proton c. electron d. neutron

a. ion

The vital centers for the control of visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the ___. a. medulla oblongata b. hypothalamus c. pons d. cerebrum e. midbrain

a. medulla oblongata

What is the name of cranial nerve III? a. oculomotor b. olfactory c. optic d. trochlear

a. oculomotor

The process of bone formation is known as ___. a. ossification b. hematopoiesis c. metabolism d. hemostasis

a. ossification

___ muscle tissue has no visible striations and is found in the walls of hollow organs. a. smooth b. dense regular c. skeletal d. cardiac

a. smooth

The navel is located in the ___ region of the abdominopelvic cavity. a. umbilical b. epigastric c. right lumbar d. hypogastric

a. umbilical