Nervous System REVIEW sheet
12
# of cranial nerves
8
# of cranial nerves responsible for hearing (auditory)
2
# of cranial nerves responsible for vision (optic)
Receptor
#1 step of the reflex arc
Sensory nerve
#2 step of the reflex arc
Associate Neuron
#3 step of the reflex arc
Motor neuron
#4 step of the reflex arc
Effector
#5 step of the reflex arc
Brain and Spinal cord
2 components of the Central Nervous System
-to and from medulla oblongata -cerebrum to cerebellum
2 functions of the pons
1) conducting nerve impulses 2) center for spinal reflex
2 functions of the spinal cord
Sensory Inter neurons Motor
3 functional classifications of neurons
Cell body Axon Dendrites
3 main components of a neuron
Mid brain pons medulla oblongata
3 things that make up the brainstem
Frontal Parietal temporal occipital
4 lobes of cerebrum
thalamus hypothalamus limbic pineal
4 structures that make up Diencephalon (inter brain)
White covered gray
Appearance of the cerebrum
Axon
Carries impulses AWAY from the cell body
Interneurons
Connects sensory neurons to motor neurons
31
How many pairs of nerves extend from the spinal cord?
#1 White #2 Gray
The cross-section of the spinal cord reveals __________ matters surrounding __________ matter.
K
ion that is inside the cell of a resting neuron
NA and K
What ions are involved in a nerve impulse
contains nerves and blood vessels
What is the function of Pia Mater?
Cushion CNS
What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid
Central Canal
Where in the spinal cord is the cerebrospinal fluid located?
depolarized membrane
active
Na
ion that is outside the cell of a resting neuron
polarized membrane
at rest
involves brain and spinal cord and PNS
autonomic Nervous System
Dendrite
carries impulses TOWARD the cell body
Neurotransmitters
chemicals that are released at the site
temporal lobe
contains sensory area for hearing
occipital lobe
contains sensory area for vision
Cerebellum
controls coordination
connects the left and right hemispheres
corpus callosum
pia mater
deepest menings
Astrocytes
forms the blood brain barrier
Neuron
functional unit of nervous system
Balance coordination posture
functions of cerebellum
cardiac-heart rate B.P. Respiration
functions of the Medulla Oblongata
arbor vitae
grey/white arrangement of the cerebellum called
Sulci
grooves on the surface of the cerebral cortex
4 Ventricles
interconnected cavities within the brain that circulate cerebrospinal fluid
Parietal lobe
lobe contains the sensory area for taste
frontal lobe
lobe is responsible for controlling skeletal muscle
Frontal lobe
lobe that doesn't have a sensory area
separates left and right cerebral hemispheres
longitudinal fissure
Oligodendrocytes
makes myelin in the CNS
Schwann Cells
makes myelin in the PNS
Sympathetic
most active during (fight/flight)
Parasympathetic
most active during ordinary activity
Dura mater
most superficial of the menings
Microglial
protects the neurons by invading microorganisms
Cerebrum
responsible for higher mental functions
Brain stem
responsible for various visceral activites
Gyrus
ridges on the surface of the cerebral cortex
Transverse Fissure
separates the cerebrum and the cerebellum
inhibitory neurotransmitter
slow down
Synapse
space between terminal of one axon and the dendrite of the next neuron
excitatory neurotransmitter
speed up
Threshold Stimulus
stimulus needed to create impulse
-Voluntary muscle movement -concentration -judgement -consequences of behaviors
sumarized functions of the cerebrum
Descending
tract carries motor impulses from the brain
Ascending
tract carries sensory impulses to the brain
Motor Neurons
transmit AWAY from CNS
Sensory Neurons
type of neuron that transmits impulses from receptors towards CNS
involuntary action ex: knee jerk/funny bone
what is a reflex? give example
Gray over white
what is the arrangement of grey matter and white matter in the cerebellum and cerebrum
White, Fibrous C.T.
what the Dura Mater is composed of
located on top of the brainstem
where is the midbrain located
Located on the brain stem
where is the pons located