NFS 1110 chapter 8

Which group is LEAST at risk for developing vitamin C deficiency?

Adults who consume plenty of fruits and vegetables

Why is niacin deficiency associated with the consumption of corn-based diet?

The niacin in corn is bound, decreasing its absorption.

Why might milk sold in clear bottles be low in riboflavin?

The riboflavin in milk can be destroyed by exposure to light.

Which statement about choline is correct?

There is an established UL for choline intake due to toxicity symptoms.

Biotin is tightly bound by avidin, which prevents absorption of the vitamin. Avidin is commonly found in:

egg whites.

A primary function of thiamin is to:

facilitate the production of energy from glucose.

A common adverse effect of niacin toxicity is:

flushing of the skin.

The ____________ is the site of most vitamin absorption into the body.

small intestine

Vitamin B6 status is affected by all of the following EXCEPT:

the amount of fat in the diet.

Which group is at risk for folate deficiency?

All of these groups are at risk of folate deficiency

Why might consuming raw eggs cause a biotin deficiency?

Avidin in egg whites binds biotin and prevents its absorption.

Elevated homocysteine is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In clinical studies, which vitamins have been shown to decrease homocysteine levels in the blood?

B6, folate and B12

Which is true about biotin deficiency?

Biotin deficiency has been observed in people dependent on feeding tubes.

Which is the FALSE statement regarding biotin?

Biotin is produced by enzymes in epithelial cells that line the small intestine.

Which group of people is most at risk for developing thiamin deficiency?

Chronic alcoholics

Which lifestyle factor increases the requirement for vitamin C?

Smoking cigarettes

Which B vitamin decreases the risk of neural tube defects in developing babies?

Folic acid

Why might thiamin deficiency cause neurological symptoms?

It is necessary for synthesis of acetylcholine.

Which of the following statements about vitamin B12 deficiency is true?

Myelin degeneration can cause neurological symptoms.

When the vitamins lost in grain processing are restored, which is a nutrient typically NOT added back?

Pantothenic acid

Which of the following does NOT affect thiamin availability in food?

Presence of other vitamins

What is a function of vitamin B12?

Vitamin B12 is required for nerve transmission.

How is vitamin B6 associated with heart disease?

Vitamin B6 breaks down homocysteine.

Vitamin C deficiency causes:

bleeding gums.

Choline is:

an essential nutrient.

B6 deficiency does NOT cause:

anemia with large, deeply colored red blood cells.

Many B vitamins function as ______, which bind to enzymes to promote their activity.

coenzymes

Low folate status increases the risk of:

heart disease.

The RDA for B6 in adults ____________ with aging.

increases

Riboflavin is most easily destroyed when exposed to:

light.

Symptoms of ariboflavinosis do NOT include:

megoblastic anemia.

Another name for vitamin B6 is:

pyridoxine.

The role of folate in DNA synthesis makes it particularly important in:

rapidly dividing cells.

Riboflavin forms active coenzymes that do all the following EXCEPT:

relay signals between nerve cells.

Folic acid supplements are most frequently recommended for:

women who may become pregnant.