NLC - Basic Electrical Theory
How many watts are in one horsepower?
746 watts
What is a Conductor?
A material that readily allows the flow of electrical current
What is Ohm's Law?
A mathematical relationship between volts, amps, and ohms. In it's simplest form, it states that it takes one volt to push one amp through one ohm of resistance.
What is lightning?
A naturally occurring discharge of static electricity
What is a coulomb?
A quantity measurement of electrons. There are 6,250,000,000,000,000,000 electrons in one coulomb
What is an Element?
A substance that cannot be chemically divided into a simpler substance
What is an insulator?
Any material that resists the flow of electrical current
What is the formula for Ohm's law?
E=I*R or Volts=Amps*Ohms
What is static electricity?
Electrons that are sitting still and not moving.
How many electrons do conductors normally have in the valence shell?
Fewer than 4
What are magnetic lines of force called?
Flux
What are free electrons?
Loosely held electrons in the outermost shell of an atom
What is flux?
Magnetic lines of force
How many electrons do insulators normally have in the valence shell?
Many (4 or more)
What is an Electron?
One of the three principle parts of the atom, carrying a negative charge
What is a neutron?
One of the three principle parts of the atom, with no charge
What is the power formula?
P=I*E or Watts=Amps*Volts
What is an Amp?
Short for ampere. An amp is defined as a quantity of electrons flowing past a given point in a given time.
What is amperage?
The measurement of the flow of electrons
What is resistance?
The opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit.
What is the nucleus?
The positively charged mass within the center of an atom, containing protons and neutrons. It makes up most of the atoms mass.
What is voltage?
The pressure that forces electrons to move through a conductor
What is a proton?
The proton is one of the three principle parts of the atom, with a positive charge, found in the nucleus.
What is an Atom?
The smallest part of an element that contains all the properties of that element
What is a volt?
a measure of electromagnetic force or pressure.
What is the law of centrifugal force?
a spinning object will pull away from it's center point and the faster it spins, the greater the centrifugal force becomes.
What is a magnet?
a substance that possesses the property of attracting iron
What is a watt?
a unit of electrical power - produced when one amp flows through one volt of potential difference
Why do the negatively charged electrons not combine with the positively charged nucleus?
centrifugal force
How does a magnet cause current to flow in a conductor?
magnetic induction
What is the Law of Charges?
opposite charges attract, like charges repel
What are the principle parts of an atom?
proton electron neutron
What is electricity?
the flow of atomic particles called electrons. Electrons flow because they have a much smaller mass than protons or neutrons and are easily moved from orbit.
What is the valence shell?
the outermost electron orbit of an atom. Electrons located in this shell determine the conductive properties of an element.
What is Induction?
the process by which a current flows through a conductor when passed through a magnetic field
What is magnetic induction?
the process by which a current flows through a conductor when passed through a magnetic field
What is Current?
the rate of flow of electrons
What is an Ohm?
the unit of measure for electrical resistance
What two things determine the intensity of the magnetic field around power lines?
the voltage and the current flow of the circuit
What is wattage?
the work that is performed when voltage and amperage are combined