NRS 200
When does the pubertal growth spurt for reach peak for female clients
12 years of age
When does pubertal growth spurt happen for boys
14 years of age
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) side effects
-Urine and tears turn a red color -Excessive lacrimation -Heart failure months or years after use
decreased platelet count
-decreased production (HIV, radiation, bone/blood cancers) -severe hemorrhage -sepsis
Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA)
an inherited disease in which a genetic defect in the hemoglobin results in abnormal structure of the red blood cells
Which adolescent behavior increases the risk of injury? Select all that apply. - Poor diet - Substance abuse - Unprotected sex - Sedentary lifestyle - Increased screen time
- Substance abuse - Unprotected sex -THE REST CAN LEAD TO OBESITY NOT INJURY
Yin-Yang Balance
-Everything viewed as a product of interaction between yin/yang and the 5 elements -When there is a balance between yin-yang and the five elements there is harmony and prosperity -Balance between yin-yang vital to the body -Illness and such viewed as result of imbalance -Food and how food prepared are associated w/ yin-yang and 5 elements
Digoxin side effects
-Fatigue -Bradycardia -Anorexia -Nausea/Vomiting
How far away should the drops be administered when administering ear drops to a 4 year old?
1 cm above the ear canal
A five-year-old school age client requires how many hours of sleep?
11 1/2 hours per night
Warfin
anticoagulant works by blocking the recycling of vitamin K - causing a deficiency or lowering of the active amount of vitamin K should stay away from foods containing high amounts of this vitamin (green leafy vegetables)
Symptoms of type one diabetes as a result of the bodies inability to metabolize glucose adequately include
3 P's Excessive thirst (Polydipsia), Excessive Hunger (Polyphagia), Frequent urination (Polyuria)
normal potassium range
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Hypertonic solutions are
Less concentrated = contain less than .85 g of sodium chloride in each 100 mL than body fluids
Which sign in the newborn infant would reflect an Apgar score of 1 in the category of respiration? 1. Good cry 2. Grimace 3. Absent respiration 4. Slow, weak cry
4. Slow, weak cry
St. John's Wort herbal therapy
???
What is the CHANCRE of syphilis?
???
apathetic demeanor
??? -Schizophrenic or depressive disorder
What is included in a neurological assessment?
Level of consciousness, pupillary activity, reflex activity, motor function
Erythropoietin is
A hormone produced and released by the kidney that stimulates the production of red blood cells by the bone marrow.
Multiculturalism
A perspective recognizing the cultural diversity of the United States and promoting equal standing for all cultural traditions
transbronchial biopsy
A pulmonologist performs a diagnostic bronchoscopy with biopsy. The endoscope was introduced into the bronchus, and attachments were used to perforate the bronchial wall. Tissue was obtained and submitted to the pathologist, who identified it as "lung parenchyma." What type of biopsy was performed?
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are prescribed for a client with the diagnosis of angina. The nurse advice of the client to anticipate pain relief will begin with which period of time? A. 1 to 3 minutes B. 4 to 5 seconds C. 30 to 45 seconds D. 10 to 15 minutes
A. 1 to 3 minutes - Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets onset of action is rapid and duration of action is 30 to 60 minutes
Which product would the nurse instruct intravenous drug users / IUDs to use for cleaning of needles and syringes between uses? a. Bleach b. Hot water c. Ammonia d. Rubbing Alcohol
A. Bleach
Which assessment finding would the nurse observe in a client with bipolar disorder, manic phase? A. Constant singing B. Ritualistic behavior C. Flat affect D. Apathetic Demeanor
A. Constant singing - Typical in a bipolar disorder manic phase -Ritualistic = OCD -Flat affect + Apathetic = Schizophrenic or depressive disorder
Which of these cultural groups uses a combination of yin treatment, and yang treatment to prevent and treat illness? A. East Asian B. Hispanic C. Asian Indian D. Native American
A. East Asian
The nurse is teaching a high school student about scoliosis treatment options. On which priority information would the nurse focus? A. Effect on body image B. Least invasive treatment C. Continuation with schooling D. Maintenance of contact with peers
A. Effect on body image - Major developmental task of adolescent = ESTABLISHING AN IDENTITY / AFFIRMATION OF SELF IMAGE - Image is huge for adolescents trying to "fit in"
Which would the nurse consider to be the center of decision-making when providing client care? A. Ethic B. Nursing Skills C. Analytical skills D. Research-based practice
A. Ethic
Which is the nurse demonstrating when labeling the African-American client a drug abuser for requesting pain medication? A. Ethnocentrism B. Multiculturalism C. Cultural encounter D. Cultural Imposition
A. Ethnocentrism
Which would the nurse do first if an allergic reaction to a blood transfusion transfusion occurs? A. Shut off the infusion B. Slow the rate of the flow C. Administer an antihistamine D. Call the health provider (HCP)
A. Shut off the infusion -PRIMARY FOCUS IS TO PREVENT COMPLICATIONS AND HALT THE ALLERGIC REACTION -Administering an antihistamine is dangerous as an initial action because the degree of the allergic reaction cannot be determined at this time
How does glyburide decrease serum glucose levels? A. Stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin B. Accelerates the livers release of stored glycogen C. Increases glucose transport across the cell membrane D. Decreases absorption of glucose from gastrointestinal system
A. Stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin
Which consistent approach would the nurse use for a client with an antisocial personality disorder? A. Warm and firm without being punitive B. Indifferent and detached but nonjudgmental C. Conditionally acquiescent to client demands D. Clearly communicative of personal disapproval
A. Warm and firm without being punitive
Aripiprazole
Abilify Antipsychotic Side Effects: Sedation Fatigue Weight gain Vomiting Somnolence Tremor
What would a nurse hear when assessing a client suffering from pneumothorax
Absence of breath sounds on auscultation
What manifestation indicates secondary syphilis?
Alopecia and condylomata
Immunoglobulin (IgA)
An antibody that inhibits bacterial growth. Has very low circulating levels and is responsible for preventing infection in upper and lower respiratory tracts, and gastrointestinal and genitourinario tracts
Define isolation
Limiting the exposure to individuals with an infection.
Heparin
anticoagulant (prevents blood clotting) found in blood and tissue cells
Where should a pulse oximetry for an adolescent be placed
Attach the probe to a finger or earlobe
The spouse of a client with pulmonary tuberculosis received a skin test. The nurse examined the skin test and identified an area of induration greater than 10 mm. Which response to this finding would the nurse implement? A. No further action is required at this time B. Additional tests are necessary to determine infection status C. Immediately repeat the skin test for confirmation D. Results are positive, indicating an active infection
B. Additional test are necessary to determine infection status. The test does not indicate whether TB is dormant or active. However, a client with an induration of 5 mm or greater is considered positive
Which structure lies inside and parallel to the sclera? A. Lens B. Choroid C. Conjunctiva D. Collard processes
B. Choroid
Which goal is the priority for a client with asthma who has a prescription for an inhaled bronchodilator? A. Is able to obtain pulse oximeter readings B. Demonstrates use of a metered-dose inhaler C. Knows the health care provides office hours D. Can identify triggers that may cause wheezing
B. Demonstrates use of a metered-dose inhaler
Which of these cultural groups uses a combination of prayers, herbs, and other rituals to prevent and treat illness? A. East Asian B. Hispanic C. Asian Indian D. Native American
B. Hispanic
An adolescent visits the allergy clinic protesting. Which laboratory finding indicates that an allergic's response is in progress? A. Decreased platelet count B. Increased eosinophil level C. Increased lymphocyte count D. Decreased immunoglobin level
B. Increased eosinophil level
Which over-the-counter medications are used to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis? Select all that apply. A. Tinidazole B. Miconazole C. Clotrimazole D. Azithromycin E. Metronidazole
B. Miconazole C. Clotrimazole -Azithromycin = Treats chlamydia -Metronidazole = Treats bacterial vaginitis and trichomoniasis - Tinidazole = Treats trichomoniasis
Which culturally based behavior would the nurse expect to observe in an Asian client who has symptoms of anxiety and panic? A. Reluctance to take medication B. Minimal eye contact C. Desire to have an Asian nurse D. Offense at being touched
B. Minimal eye contact - As a show of respect, people in Asian cultures tend to make little eye contact, particularly with people perceived as authority figures.
When making rounds, the nurse observes a client who is experiencing a seizure. Which action would the nurse take? A. hyper extend the clients neck. B. Move obstacles away from the client. C. Restrain the clients body movements. D. Attempt to place an area in the clients mouth.
B. Move obstacles away from the client. -RESTRAINING MAY INJURE CLIENT
An 8-year-old child has experienced the death of a sister. The child begins to ask many questions about what happens to the body after death. The parents wonder if this is abnormal behavior picked up from playing video games. Which is the best response by the nurse? A. Playing video games can cause morbid behaviors B. School-aged children are inquisitive and ask a lot of questions about death C. Children handle the event of death more realistically than adults do D. Giggling, attracting attention, and playing are the usual ways of dealing with death
B. School-aged children are inquisitive and ask a lot of questions about death A. Playing video games can cause morbid behaviors - Video games don't change how children deal with death C. Children handle the event of death more realistically than adults do - More of an adolescence thing not school-age D. Giggling, attracting attention, and playing are the usual ways of dealing with death - Preschool reaction
Which concept would the nurse consider when caring for school-aged children who are obese? A. Which concept would the nurse consider when caring for school-aged children who are obese. B. There are familial influences on childhood eating habits. C. Childhood obesity is usually not a predictor of adult obesity. D. Children with obese parents destined to become obese themselves.
B. There are familial influences on childhood eating habits. - Childhood obesity is KNOWN predictor of adult obesity - Children with obese parents are NOT necessarily destined to become obese themselves
protamine sulfate
antidote for heparin
Which response would the nurse make to a client who says, "I feel so guilty. None of this makes any sense. Everyone must really think Im crazy, after performing a complex ritual?" A. Your behavior is bizarre, but it serves a useful purpose B. You're concerned about what other people are thinking about you C. I am sure people understand that you can't help this behavior right now D. Guilt serves no useful purpose. It just helps you stay stuck where you are.
B. You're concerned about what other people are thinking about you - Paraphrasing encourages further ventilation of feelings and concerns
The nurse is evaluating the results of the treatment with Erythropoietin . Which assessment finding indicates an improvement in the underline condition being created? A. 2+ pedal pulses B. decreased Pallor C. decreased jaundice D. 2+ deep tendon reflexes
B. decreased Pallor
Ethnocentrism
Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.
Which of these cultural groups adopts a combination of dietary, herbal, and other naturalistic therapies to prevent and treat illness? A. East Asian B. Hispanic C. Asian Indian D. Native American
C. Asian Indian
hyperglycemia
high blood sugar
Hypernatremia
high sodium
The parents of an adolescent treated for allergies privately tell the nurse that they suspect that their child is a hypochondriac. Which therapeutic response would the nurse provide? A. Explaining potentially serious complications of allergies B. Explaining that the parents may be transferring their fears to their adolescent C. Discussing developmental behaviors of adolescents D. Discussing some of the underlying causes of hypochondriasis
C. Discussing developmental behaviors of adolescents - Adolescents are very aware of their changing bodies and become especially concerned with any alteration resulting from illness and injury - In school and bodies are changing and growing rapidly - BIG CHANGES TO BODY = SELF CONSCIOUS
A new mother says to the nurse, "I would like to care for my baby independently rather than depending on the baby's grandparents." From this information, which culture would the nurse infer that the new mother belongs to? A. Asian culture B. African culture C. North American culture D. Latin American culture
C. North American culture - Possess individual characteristics
During what stage of development are boys and girls classified as different very little in terms of size? A. Toddler B. preschool C. School-age D. Adolescence
C. School-age
Which is the middle layer of the eyeball? A. Sclera B. retina C. uveal tract D. transparent cornea
C. uveal tract
Which manifestation indicates primary syphilis?
Chancre
What STI is most commonly reported?
Chlamydia
What STI is the most common?
Chlamydia
Hypospadias is often associated with what
Chordee
Acute Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis symptoms
Classic sign of this is Cola colored (red-brown) urine. Other signs are: sudden onset of flank pain, irritability, malaise, fever, gross or microscopic hematuria, dysuria, edema, hypertension & oliguria.
Pneumothorax (PTX)
Collapsed lung due to trauma or a spontaneous small rupture of the lung
cultural encounters
Cross-cultural interactions that provide opportunities to learn about other cultures and develop effective intercultural communication
Which factor increases an adolescents risk for injury in the community? A. Employment B. Eating disorders C. Sleep deprivation D. Distracted driving
D. Distracted driving
Which of these cultural groups uses a combination of prayers, herbs, chanting, supernatural, psychological factors to prevent and treat illness? A. East Asian B. Hispanic C. Asian Indian D. Native American
D. Native American
Hyperthermia occurs when: A. Snowmobiling B. Skiing in the winter C. Hiking Alaskan mountains D. Performing strenuous activity in high humidity
D. Performing strenuous activity in high humidity
Which key factor assists the nurse in assessing how a client will cope with the body image change after an above-the-knee amputation? A. Extent of the change B. Suddenness of the change C. Obviousness of the change D. Personal perception of the change
D. Personal perception of the change - Reality of the situation is not the important issue at this, but the clients feelings or perceptions about the change are the most important determinant of the clients ability to cope.
The nurse manager works on a unit where the nursing staff members are uncomfortable taking care of clients from cultures that are different from their own. Which action would the nurse manager take to address this problem? A. Assign articles about various cultures so that the nurses can become more knowledgeable B. Relocate the nurses to units where they will not have to care for clients from a variety of cultures C. Rotate the nurses' assignments so they have an equal opportunity to care for clients from other cultures D. Plan a workshop that offers opportunities to learn about the cultures the nurses might encounter while at work
D. Plan a workshop that offers opportunities to learn about the cultures the nurses might encounter while at work - Provides opportunity to discuss cultural diversity and ask questions - ROTATING NURSES ASSIGNMENTS WILL CAUSE TENSION ON UNIT
What is a major causative factor for painful episodes associated with sickle cell anemia
Dehydration/Drinking less fluid
Delusions of nihilistic
Delusions of total or partial non existence
Lethargy occurs due to what in a patient with type one diabetes
Due to a lack of metabolize glucose for energy
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
Episodes of abnormally fast/racing heartbeat
The Denver II developmental screening test
Evaluate gross, fine motor skills, as well as social and language skills
Clozapine side effects
Side effects: NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME, sedation, salivation, dizzy, H/A, tremors, sleep problems, akinesia, fever, seizures, confusion, insomnia, slurred speech, dystonia, tachycardia, hypo/hypertension, blurred vision, drooling, constipation, abd pain, N/V/D weight gain, dry mouth, urinary abnormalities, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, rigidity, diaphoresis, death (demented geriatrics)
Immunoglobulin (IgM)
First antibody formed by newly sensitized B-lymphocyte plasma cell,
Determinism belief
Focuses on the outcomes that are externally preordained and cannot be changed
What are Condylomata Acuminate?
Genital warts caused by HPV (exclusively?)
Celiac disease is also called
Gluten induced enteropathy
What manifestation indicates tertiary syphilis?
Gummas
Which is better for a patient suffering from asthma, hardwood floor or carpet?
Hardwood floor without a rug
Which is more hypoallergenic, hardwood floors or rugs/ carpet?
Hardwood floors
Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
Heavily expressed on second and subsequent exposures to antigens to provide sustained, long term immunity against invading microorganisms
Should the nurse use a hospital provided interpreter or a clients family member to translate?
Hospital Provided Interpreter
Should a nurse use a hospital provided translator or clients family member to communicate with a patient who speaks another language?
Hospital provided translator
What sti infection causes Condylomata Acuminate?
Human Papillomavirus /HPV
Which treatment would the nurse anticipate for an infant admitted with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus / RSV?
Humidified cool air and adequate hydration
Sodium retention is a sign of
Hyper adrenaline
Sign of excessive adrenal hormones is
Hyperglycemia
Intravenous solution of .45% sodium chloride is hypotonic or hypertonic ?
Hypertonic
diaphoresis occurs with
Hypoglycemia
after an adrenalectomy what is important to monitor
Hypotension
When you think adolescent behavior you should think...
Identity and appearance
What causes varicose veins?
Incompetent valves of superficial veins
Hinge joint
Joint between bones (as at the elbow or knee) that permits motion in only one plane
Biomedical belief
Maintain that health and illness are related to physical and biochemical processes with disease being a breakdown of the processes
depressive disorders
Mood disorders in which the individual suffers from depression—an unrelenting lack of pleasure in life.
Immunoglobulin (IgE)
Most common immune system- produced antibody involved in allergic asthma and rhinitis - Associated with hypersensitivity reactions
School each client who is 11 years old requires how much sleep?
Nine hours of sleep
Morphine Sulfate
Opioid Analgesic
Where is the cotton ball placed when administering ear drops to a 4 year old?
Outermost part of ear canal
Sociocultural mores Implies
Person is developing conscience
Void
incomplete relaxation or overactivity of the pelvic floor muscles during voiding (urination). Your urinary tract includes the organs that collect and store urine and release it from your body.
Hypervolemia
increased blood volume
When obtaining a health history from a client recently diagnosed with type one diabetes, the nurse expects the client to report which clinical manifestation?
Polyuria
Define cohorting
Practice of grouping clients who are colonized or infected with the same pathogen.
Raloxifene prescribed for
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post menopausal women
cultural competence
Process in which the health care provider strives to achieve the ability to work effectively within the cultural context of a client, individual, family, or community.
Acute Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis
Prototypical immune complex disease following an infection with certain strains of group A streptococci
Which colors are often included in an organizational disaster plan for using during triage?
Red, Black, Green, Yellow
Rifampin causes body fluids and teeth to turn
Reddish-orange
Simavastatin
Reduces "bad" cholesterol and triglycerides while increase"good" cholesterol Also used to lower the risk of stroke, heart attack, and other heart complications in people with diabetes, coronary heart disease, or other risk factors.
What does hydrocortisone do for an Rheumatoid arthritis patient?
Reduces inflammation because steroid have anti-inflammatory effects that reduce arthritic pannus formation
Define colonizing
Refers to the development of an infection in the body
Furosemide does what?
Relieves fluid retention/volume
Risperidone
Risperdal Antipsychotic Side Effects: drowsiness; tardive dyskinesia; dizziness; constipation; hypersensitivity; NMS; hyperglycemia; dysphagia; priapism
Hypospadias and chordee can leed to what in a child future?
Sexual difficulties
How should IDUs be instructed to clean needles and syringes?
Should be instructed to fill syringes with household bleach and shake syringe for 30 to 60 seconds.
bone and socket joint example
Shoulder
Magicoreligious
Supernatural powers predominate in area of health and illness Examples include voodoo, witchcraft, and faith healing
Azathiopine, cyclosporine, prednisone all do what?
Suppress the immune system decreasing the body's productions of antibodies in response to the new organ, which acts as an antigen
myringotomy
Surgical opening into eardrum to permit drainage of accumulated fluid associated with the otitis media
What should you say/do when a patient expresses fear of a procedure?
Tell me what frightens you and allow them to talk about the fear to provide them an opportunity to express the feelings and fears - NO BELITTLING
How long is a child kept on their side when administering ear drops to a 4 year old?
The child is kept in side-lying position for 2-3 minutes
When administering ear drops to a 4 year old the auricle should be pulled how?
The nurse would pull the auricle up and out
palliative treatment
Therapy that reduces the effects of a disease or condition but does not remove the disease itself
hypospadias
abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis
Hypotension
abnormally low blood pressure
Morning sickness disappears by the end of which month?
Third month
TRUE OR FALSE The nurses have a responsibility to teach
True
Endrophonium chloride test
Uses a medication that is cholinergic and anticholinesterase, it blocks the action of cholinesterase at the myoneural junction and inhibits the destruction of acetycholine.
When do symptoms occur with sickle cell anemia?
When a patients drinks less fluid. - Dehydration precipitates sibling of red blood cells and is a major causative factor for painful episodes associated with sickle cell anemia.
Cultural imposition
When one person imposes his or her beliefs, values, and practices on another because he or she believe his or her ideals are superior
What indicates digoxin toxicity?
Yellow vision
digoxin tocixity includes
Yellow vision
myasthenia gravis
a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles
Chordee
a downward curvature of the penis, often associated with hypospadias
Flat affect
a lack of emotional responsiveness - Schizophrenic or depressive disorder
Double bind
a situation in which an individual is given two different and inconsistent messages.
Apgar scale
a standard measurement system that looks for a variety of indications of good health in newborns
sedentary lifestyle
a way of life that involves little physical activity
Increased eosinophils indicate
allergic reaction
Anorexia nerviosa
an eating disorder that involves self-starvation, a distorted body image, and low body weight
Clozapine
atypical antipsychotic Side effects: NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME, sedation, salivation, dizzy, H/A, tremors, sleep problems, akinesia, fever, seizures, confusion, insomnia, slurred speech, dystonia, tachycardia, hypo/hypertension, blurred vision, drooling, constipation, abd pain, N/V/D weight gain, dry mouth, urinary abnormalities, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, rigidity, diaphoresis, death (demented geriatric
Delusions of grandeur
belief that you enjoy greater power and influence than you do
Delusions of control
believe their feelings, thoughts, and actions are being controlled by other people
Biaxial joint
bone moves in two planes or axes
Digoxin is used to treat
congestive heart failure
Glyburide is used to treat
diabetes
Enteropathy
disease of the small intestine
hinge joint example
elbow and knee
Polyuria
excessive production of urine
Diaphoresis
excessive sweating
Nocturia
excessive urination during the night
cordectomy
excision of all or part of vocal cord; AKA debarking
haloperidol side effects
extrapyramidal symptoms VERY HIGH
Hypoglycemia
low blood sugar
Hypokalemia
low potassium in the blood
Celiac disease
malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten
auditory ossicles
malleus, incus, stapes
Pivot joint examples
neck
Naloxone
opioid antagonist
pallor
paleness
Culture shock
personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life
Biaxial joint example
radiocarpal joint of the wrist
Erythropoietin stimulates what ?
red blood cell production
ritualistic behavior
repetitive behavior, habits, or routines that serve to lower anxiety -OCD
Pivot joint
rotating bone turns around an axis; i.e. connection between radius/ulna and humerus
extrapyramidal symptoms
side effects such as restlessness, involuntary movements, and muscular tension produced by antipsychotic medications
what are gummas? when are they seen?
space-filling lesions with granulomas in tertiary syphilis
thoracentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
adrenalectomy
surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands
delusions of persecution
the belief that people are out to get you
Angle of Louis, Carina
the junction between the body of the sternum and the manubrium; the starting point for locating the ribs anteriorly
Ambivalence
the state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes / Opposing emotions simultaneously
Isotonic
when the concentration of two solutions is the same