NTR 213
All MyPlate food groups may contain carbohydrate-rich foods
Carbohydrates can be found in which MyPlate food groups? All MyPlate food groups may contain carbohydrate-rich foods Grains Vegetables Fruits Fruits, vegetables and grains
True
Cholesterol is only found in foods from animal sources. True False
True
Cholesterol is used to make important substances in the body including Vitamin D, hormones, and bile. True False
True
Complex carbohydrates (also known as polysaccharides) include glycogen, starches, and fiber. True False
refined; enriched
Removing the bran and germ from grain products results in the loss of many other nutrients and these products are referred to as ______________. When some of the lost nutrients are added back, the grain products are called ______________. organic; enriched organic; whole refined; enriched refined; whole
saturated fat; 10%
The 2020-25 Dietary Guidelines recommends limiting _____________ to less than ________ of total calories. cholesterol; 5% cholesterol; 10% saturated fat; 10% total fat; 25%
45-65%
The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates is: 50-70% 10-35% 20-35% 45-65%
high fiber
A _____ meal can result in a slower blood glucose rise, as it slows digestion and transit time. low fiber high fiber high glycogen low fat
May increase or decrease the risk for heart disease depending on the types of carbohydrates consumed
A diet high in carbohydrates: Decreases the risk for heart disease Has no impact on the risk for heart disease May increase or decrease the risk for heart disease depending on the types of carbohydrates consumed Increases the risk for heart disease
sterol
A lipid whose structure is composed of multiple chemical rings is called a sterol triglyceride lipid phospholipid fatty acid
phospholipid
A lipid-based substance that mixes well with oil and water is a: triglyceride lipid phospholipid fatty acid sterol
triglyceride
The main type of lipid in food, as well as in the body is called a: sterol triglyceride phospholipid fatty acid lipid
soluble
The type of fiber that dissolves in water and is broken down by intestinal microbiota is called glycogen insoluble resistant starch soluble
Lipoproteins
What class of molecules are used to transport fats throughout the body? Sterols Lipoproteins Lipases Micelles
Chylomicrons
What lipoprotein transports fats from the diet after they are absorbed in the small intestine? Chylomicrons HDL lipoproteins VLDL lipoproteins LDL lipoprotiens
phospholipid
What type of lipid is used to form the lipoprotein envelope (outside)? trans fatty acids triglyceride phospholipid fatty acids
glycolysis
When carbohydrates are used as an input for cellular respiration, the first step is called ___________ where a glucose molecule is split into two molecules of pyruvate. citric acid cycle electron transport calvin cycle glycolysis
in the small intestine
Where are micelles found? in the large intestine in the small intestine throughout the gastrointestinal tract in the stomach
fiber
Which carbohydrate do humans lack the enzymes to break down? starch maltose fiber sucrose
micelle
Which of these components is NOT found in a triglyceride molecule? none of these are found in a triglyceride micelle glycerol they are all found in a triglyceride fatty acid
salivary lipase
Which of these molecules is NOT involved in breaking down triglycerides? salivary lipase gastric lipase bile pancreatic lipase
Diets high in mono and polyunsaturated fats decrease the risk of heart disease
Which statement regarding dietary fat is true? Diets high in unsaturated fats increase the risk of heart disease Diets high in all fats increase the risk of heart disease Diets high in saturated and trans fats decrease the risk of heart disease Diets high in mono and polyunsaturated fats decrease the risk of heart disease
salivary amylase
______________________ is produced in the mouth and helps to start the breakdown of carbohydrates. lingual amylase salivary amylase salivary glucagon lingual glucagon
False
An unsaturated fatty acid has no carbon-carbon double bonds. True False
monosaccharides
Glucose, fructose and galactose are examples of monosaccharides complex carbohydrates polysaccharides disaccharides
omega-3 and omega-6
Humans are not able to synthesize fatty acids with double bonds in the __________ position(s), therefore they are considered essential to get from the diet. omega-3, omega-6 and omega-9 omega-9 omega-3 omega-6 omega-3 and omega-6
trans fat
Hydrogenation of unsaturated oils changes the orientation of the fatty acid around the double bond and produces ____________. saturated fat essential fat cis fat trans fat
Type 1 diabetes
In this form of diabetes, the pancreas stops making the hormone insulin, which is need to help glucose get into cells. Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes All of these responses are correct Gestational diabetes
carbohydrates are in short supply
Ketones are produced when: carbohydrates are in short supply fats are limited too much carbohydrate is consumed protein intake is low
disaccharides
Maltose, lactose and sucrose are examples of complex carbohydrates disaccharides monsaccharides Polysaccharides
unsaturated fatty acids
Most vegetable oils are liquid at room temperature as they are high in: trans fats phospholipid saturated fatty acids unsaturated fatty acids
germ, bran, and endosperm
Products that are whole grains contain: germ, bran, and husk germ, husk, and endosperm bran, husk and endosperm germ, bran, and endosperm
True
Products with "added sugar" refers to refined sugars and syrups that have been added to foods during processing or preparation True False
All the choices apply
Sources of omega-3 fatty acids include: walnuts flax seed salmon All the choices apply
