NU220 Chapter 18: Drug Therapy With Beta-Lactam Antibacterial Agents

A client has been diagnosed with a sinus infection, and the client has been given a prescription for amoxicillin. What teaching point should the nurse make for the client?

"Take your medication every 8 hours, as it's been prescribed."

Your client receives IV vancomycin every 12 hours. You know that this infusion should run over:

1 to 2 hours.

A client has been started on Augmentin 250 mg P.O. every 12 hr. It is supplied in 500-mg tablets. How much will the nurse give at each dose?

1/2 tablet

Penicillins may trigger an anaphylactic reaction in some clients. Within what period following injection of a penicillin is anaphylaxis most likely to occur?

30 minutes

A health care provider prescribes a client 3.375 g piperacillin sodium and tazobactam (Zosyn) every six hours. After reconstitution, the concentration of the drug is 2.25 g/50 mL. Which quantity of the reconstituted solution should the nurse administer to the client?

75 mL

Penicillin would NOT be indicated for which of the following clients?

A client with gram-negative bacteria allergic to penicillin

When learning about the different classes of cephalosporins, the nurse correctly identifies which of the following statements?

A first-generation cephalosporin is more useful than a third-generation cephalosporin against gram-positive microorganisms.

The health care provider has ordered penicillin V for a client. What should the nurse instruct the client to take with the medication?

A full glass of water

Beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, fight infection by inhibiting development of the causative bacteria. What specific component development do these drugs affect?

Cell wall synthesis

Unless hemodialysis is started within 48 hours, imipenem is contraindicated for clients with severe renal impairment. What laboratory measurement would indicate renal impairment?

Creatinine clearance

Penicillins are more effective when used on infections caused by what organism?

Gram-positive bacteria

An older adult is to receive a low dose of a cephalosporin for an infection. When realizing that this client has age-related diminished renal function, what intervention should the nurse implement?

Monitor blood creatinine levels.

A 75-year-old patient with a history of renal impairment is admitted to the primary health care center with a UTI and has been prescribed a cephalosporin. Which of the following interventions is most important for the nurse to perform when caring for this patient?

Monitoring blood creatinine levels.

A client has been diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis. What drug would the nurse expect to be prescribed by the health care provider?

Penicillin G

Cephalosporins are structurally and chemically related to which classes of antibiotics?

Penicillins

A nurse is caring for a patient who has a serious infection. The patient is being treated with combination therapy of a cefazolin and an aminoglycoside. The nurse will be sure to monitor which of the following?

Serum BUN and creatinine levels

A 34-year-old female client is taking oral cephradine, a first-generation cephalosporin, at regular intervals with a 2-hour gap before meals. The client reports gastrointestinal distress. The nurse will encourage the client to do which?

Take the drug with food.

A health care center is conducting a seminar on cephalosporins drugs. During the question-and-answer period, the audience wants examples of conditions that can be treated by cephalosporins. Which of the following infections should the nurse state as examples?

Urinary tract infections

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is receiving cephalosporins. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the most commonly occurring adverse effects?

Vomiting and diarrhea

A young adult client who has no significant prior health history has been prescribed antibiotics for the first time. What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for this client?

deficient knowledge regarding drug therapy

What event triggers the development of a superinfection?

proliferation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms

The nurse knows that superinfections are a concern for clients who have been taking oral penicillins. Which is one of the more common superinfections?

pseudomembranous colitis

The nurse has administered the first dose of a client's newly-prescribed antibiotic. What assessment finding should the nurse interpret as adverse effect that suggests a more serious concern?

rash to the face and trunk

The client is admitted to the acute care facility with acute septicemia and has orders to receive gentamicin and ampicillin IV. The nurse is performing an admission assessment that includes a complete nursing history. What information provided by the client would indicate the need to consult the healthcare provider before administering the ordered medication?

takes high-dose furosemide daily

A 13-year-old male patient has been prescribed oral cefuroxime. The patient's parents should ensure that he takes the medication

with food.