NUR528: EXAM 4 Part 2
A nurse is teaching a client who has acute pyelonephritis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (a) "You should complete the entire cycle of antibiotic therapy." (b) "You should maintain complete bed rest until manifestations decrease." (c) "You should drink 1000mL of fluid per day." (d) "You should avoid using NSAIDs for pain."
(a) "You should complete the entire cycle of antibiotic therapy." Pyelonephritis is a type of UTI that generally begins in the urethra or bladder and travels to one or both of your kidneys. The client should take the full prescription of the antibiotic therapy to decrease the chance of regrowth of the causative organism.
A nurse is assessing a client who is 1 week postoperative following a living donor kidney transplant. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing acute kidney rejection? (a) Blood pressure 160/90 (b) Creatinine 0.8mg/dL (c) Sodium 137mg/dL (d)Urinary output 100mL/hr
(a) Blood pressure 160/90 Due to the kidney's role in fluid and blood pressure regulation, a client who is experiencing rejection can have hypertension.
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has late-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client to increase in her diet? (a) Calcium (b) Phosphorous (c) Potassium (d) Sodium
(a) Calcium A client who has CKD can develop hypocalcemia due to the reduced production of active vitamin D, which is needed for calcium absorption. The client should supplement dietary calcium.
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (a) Limit fluid intake (b) Limit caloric intake (c) Eat a diet high in phosphorus (d) Eat a diet high in protein
(a) Limit fluid intake
A nurse is checking the laboratory values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. The nurse should expect elevations in which of the following values? (a) Potassium and magnesium (b) Calcium and bicarbonate (c) Hemoglobin and hematocrit (d) Arterial pH and PaCO2
(a) Potassium and magnesium Clients who have chronic kidney disease have hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypermagnesemia as well as elevations in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen.
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease. The kidneys regulate body fluids as well as assisting with which of the following functions? (a) Regulation of acid-base balance (b) Reabsorption of nutrients for cellular growth (c) Regulation of body temperature (d) Secretion of hormones needed for growth
(a) Regulation of acid-base balance
A nurse is assessing a client who has urolithiasis and reports pain in his thigh. This finding indicates the stone is in which of the following structures? (a) Ureter (b) Bladder (c) Renal pelvis (d) Renal tubules
(a) Ureter When stones are in the ureters, pain radiates to the genitalia and to the thighs.
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic glomerulonephritis with oliguria. For which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor? (a) Hypercalcemia (b) Hyperkalemia (c) Hypomagnesemia (d) Hypophosphatemia
(b) Hyperkalemia
A nurse is preparing an in-service program about the stages of acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include about prerenal azotemia? (a) Prerenal azotemia begins prior to the onset of symptoms. (b) Interference with renal perfusion causes prerenal azotemia. (c) Prerenal azotemia is irreversible, even in the early stages. (d) Infections and tumors cause prerenal azotemia.
(b) Interference with renal perfusion causes prerenal azotemia.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse notes that the client's dialysate output is less than the input and that his abdomen is distended. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (a) Insert an indwelling urinary catheter (b) Administer pain medication to the client (c) Change the client's position (d) Place the drainage bag above the client's abdomen
(c) Change the client's position
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has chronic kidney disease. The client reports significant persistent nausea and muscle weakness. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (a) Hypernatremia (b) Hypomagnesemia (c) Hypercalcemia (d) Hyperkalemia
(d) Hyperkalemia
A nurse is caring for an 8-year-old child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (a) Hypotension (b) Stomatitis (c) Bloody diarrhea (d) Periorbital edema
(d) Periorbital edema Elevated blood pressure is an expected finding in a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Stomatitis is an expected finding in a child who has chronic renal failure. Bloody diarrhea is an expected finding in a child who has hemolytic uremic syndrome.
A nurse is caring for a client who has manifestations of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) following a kidney transplantation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate for this client? (SATA) (a) Hemodialysis (b) Biopsy (c) Immunosuppression (d) Balloon angioplasty (e) Surgical repair
a, b, c