NURS 307 Exam 1 (intro)
The nursing student asks the instructor to explain what a community is. Which statement by the instructor would be inappropriate?
"Communities have few effects on the health of the individuals that live there"
A nurse pulls the curtains before changing the dressing of the surgical wound on the abdomen of a post-surgical client. What value is served?
Dignity
The definition of chronic conditions can be complex. Which factors would a nurse expect to be included in the defintion of chronic conditions? (select all that apply)
Disease that have a prolonged course Diseases that do not resolve spontaneously Disease where complete cures are rare
Which theorist supports the developmental framework of family assessment?
Duvall
Which nursing action best exemplifies the nurse's role in promoting health?
Encouraging a group of junior high school students to engage in regular physical activity
Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factors?
Environmental risk factor
A nurse is acting inappropraitely and has an odor of alcohol. This behavior breaches which of the following?
Ethical conduct
A nurse working on a critical care unit was informed by a client with multiple sclerosis that she did not wish to be resuscitated in the event of cardiac arrest. The client is no longer able to express her wishes, and the family has informed the physician that they want the client to be resuscitated. Aware of the client's wishes, the nurse is involved in a situation that may involve what?
Ethical distress
Which statement best conveys the concept of ethical agency?
Ethical practice requires a skill set that must be conscientiously learned and nurtured
Using the nursing process to make ethical decisions involves following several steps. Which step is the nurse implementing when she reflects on the decision-making process and the role it will play in making future decisions?
Evaluating
When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?
Evaluating practice change
A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description?
Experimental (because it examines the cause-and-effect)
The basis of phenomenology is the discovery of how people describe their own reality and how their beliefs are related to their actions in a social scene
False
The nurse practitioner is discussing health promotion with a group of senior nursing students. What would be the best example of secondary health promotion?
Family counseling
A client rings the call bell to request pain medication. Upon performing the pain assessment, the nurse informs the client that she will return with the pain medication. The nurse's promise to return with the pain medication is an example of which principle of bioethics?
Fidelity (keeping a promise)
Who is considered to be the first nursing researcher?
Florence Nightengale
Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?
Florence Nightengale
What area is typically included in a cultural assessment?
Food preferences
How is culture learned by each new generation?
Formal and informal experiences
Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?
General systems theory
A group of students is reviewing the various levels of illness prevention. The students demonstrated understanding when they identify which of the following as a goal of tertiary prevention of illness?
Minimizing complications
Which of the following is a characteristic of nursing practiced from early civilization to the 16th century?
Most early civilizations believed that illness had supernatural causes
A nurse is developing a foreground question for nursing research using the PICO model. Which component would be represented by the statement, "a 45 y/o male with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation"?
P ("P" stands for the patient or problem presented)
A nurse obtains an order for a bed alarm for a confused client. This is an example of which of the following ethical principles?
Paternalism
Which of the following nursing situations is an example of an ethical dilemma?
Performing cardiac compressions when a signed Do Not Resuscitate order (DNR) is not available
A nurse in a wellness centre is presenting a class on intergrating holistic therapies with traditional health care. The nurse talks about the trend in health care to treat each client in a manner that reconnects their total being. Which of the following would best be considered a holistic approach to health?
Physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being
The delivery of culturally competent nursing practice incorporates the concept of:
Planning and implementing care in a way that is sensitive to the needs of individuals, families, and groups from diverse cultural populations
A nurse has recently completed the administration of seasonal influenza vaccinations for the residents of a long-term care facility. Which aim of nursing has the nurse most clearly demonstrated?
Preventing illness
A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which of the following will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?
Preventing skin breakdown ("O" stands for the outcome)
The nurse's community outreach class is giving a presentation on seat belts and child safety seats at the local firehouse every weekend in October. What levels(s) of health promotion is this an example of?
Primary
What level of prevention is noted when the nurse educates a group of mothers of school-aged children on self breast examination?
Primary prevention
The nurse researcher would like togather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic?
Qualitative data (It is based more on subjective, narrative materials)
The nursing instructor asks a group of students to identify a theory that describes how humans adjust to life with other living things and with the environment. One student correctly identifies this as which theory?
Adaptation theory
A client tells the nurse that he does not want to have a painful procedure. By respecting and supporting the client's right to make decisions, what is the nurse demonstrating?
Advocacy
A rapid onset of symptoms that lasts a relatively short time indicates what health problem?
An acute illness
A male nurse is preparing to take the vital signs of a female client. Which ethnic group would consider this improper?
Arab Muslim
A nursing student is preparing a presentation regarding different cultures. Which definition of culture is most accurate?
Belief system that guides behavior
A nurse provides care in a large, inner-city hospital is aware of the large influence of culture on health. The nurse recognizes that culture is best understood as a shared system that encompasses:
Beliefs, values, and practices
An exacerbation refers to the reactivation of a disease. Which condition is associated with exacerbation?
Chronic illness
What is authoritative knowledge?
Comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on a person's perceived expertise
The community offers physician offices, a county health department, a community hospital, an assisted living facility, two nursing homes, and hospice. The nurse recognizes that these agencies represent which type of community factor?
Community healthcare structure
A nurse is caring for a client who is a celebrity in the area. A person claiming to be a family member inquires about the medical details of the client. The nurse reveals the information but later comes to find out that the person was not a family member. The nurse has violated:
Confidentiality
A client who immigrated from Pakistan informs the nurse of his dietary requests. The nurse responds to the special dietary needs by stating, "You are now living here, and you should try to start eating those foods common to our diet." This inappropriate response is an example of:
Cultural imposition
Health care facilities that sponsor health-promotion activities only in affluent areas are considered:
Culturally blind
Upon moving to China, a North American college student is experiencing many new feelings that the student associates with placement in a different culture. What are the feelings experienced by this student?
Culture shock
The nursing instrcutor asks a group of students to identify a theory that describes the maturation of humans through stages. One student correctly identifies this theory as what?
Developemental theory
Which statement best conveys the relationship between race and ethnicity?
Race denotes physical characteristics while ethnicity is rooted in a common heritage
An infection-control nurse is discussing needlestick injuries with a group of newly hired nurses. The infection control nurse informs the group that most needlestick injuries result from:
Recapping a needle
Which is an example of tertiary health promotion?
Rehabilitation
The nursing faculty is explaining value transmission. The example of a child receiving an exemplary report from school and being given money from the parents can be described as what type of behavior?
Rewarding
The nurse performs an assessment of the client and the family to have a better understanding of client and family needs. Which of the following is an individual need?
Safety (educational, socialization, and political needs are provided by the family)
The nurse assists a postoperative client with ambulation. The nurse recognizes that assisting the client when performing this skill meets which of Maslow's basic human needs?
Safety and security
A woman over the age of 40 years has an annual mammogram. What level of prevention does this represent?
Secondary prevention
During the assessment, the client shares that the family attends church nearly every Sunday. Which function of the family does this represent?
Socialization
Parents raising two-school aged children incorporate their religious beliefs into the family's daily life. The family's beliefs regarding religion include dietary considerations, worship practices, attitudes, and values. This is an example of which function of the family?
Socialization, due to the fact that it's the transmission of beliefs
The nurse is assessing the communication style of the client. Communication is an example of which dimension of the individual?
Sociocultural dimension
A client's husband has asked that his wife be cared for exclusively by female nurses. Knowing that the couple is originally from the Middle East, what action should the care team take in response to this request?
Take reasonable measures to accomodate the request
Culture shock is best described as:
The acute experience of not understanding the culture in which one is situated
Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual, based upon external factors?
The agent-host-environment model
The principle of autonomy by a client is applied in which situation?
The client has decided to stop chemotherapy treatments
The nurse receives an 8 y/o girl in the pediatric unit following a tonsillectomy. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention.
The client makes a rattling noise when she breathes through her mouth
In addressing health promotion for a client who is a member of another culture, the nurse should be guided by which principle?
The client may have a very different understanding of health promotion
The nurse is assessing the family structure of the client and determines it is an extended family. Which of the following represent an extended family?
The family comprises of two parents, three children, and one grandparent
The nurse is conducting a family assessment of a traditional family. Which assessment data cue describes the socioeconomic status of the family?
The father is an engineer and the mother is an elementary school teacher
A nurse who tests a nursing theory by examining the theory itself and then considering the specific actions or ideas is using deductive reasoning
True
In the beginning of civilization, the role of the physician was carried out by the medicine man and the nurse was the mother who cared for her family during sickness
True
Four broad aims of nursing
1. To promote health 2. To prevent illness 3. To restore health 4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
How would a nursing student define conceptual framework?
A group of interrelated objects that follow a pattern
An older adult client who only speaks Cantonese has been admitted to the ED after suffering a fall and suspected hip fracture in the home. Who is the best person to perform translation services to the client?
A hospital translator
What is an example of a characteristic of Stage II of illness?
A person tells his family that he is sick and allows them to take care of him
What is an example of the sociocultural dimension influencing a person's health-illness status?
A single mother of two applies for food stamps in order to feed her family
For which research activity is a phenomenological research method most appropriate?
Attempting to understand non-English speaking immigrants' experiences of being hospital clients
A client age 46 years has been diagnosed with cancer. He has met with the oncologist and is now weighing his options to undergo chemotherapy or radiation as his treatment. The client is utilizing which ethical principle in making his decision?
Autonomy (making a choice, free of restraints)
A nurse working with patients in a community is aware that which of the following is a true statement related to environmental factors in that community?
Barriers to accessing health care within a community may include a lack of transportation
The nursing instructor informs the students that there are many factors that affect a person's health. Which of the following does the nursing instructor tell the students that is essential for physiological health and survival?
Basic human needs
One of the primary focuses of nursing research is to:
Generate knowledge to guide practice
The standards of practice provides nurses with:
Guidelines for providing care
What is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?
Health
A community health nurse arranges for a dental checkup camp for the local children in the school district. Which of the following would most likely be the nurse's goal for this health camp?
Health promotion
A client on a surgical unit has developed an infection at the site of a diagnostic laprascopy. This type of infection is best termed as which of the following?
Iatrogenic infection
In the delivery of care, the nurse acts in accordance with nursing standards and the code of ethics and reports a medication error that she has made. The nurse is most clearly demonstrating which professional value?
Integrity
A nurse is providing care for three clients on a medical unit, two of whom are significantly more acute than the third. The nurse is making a concerted effort to ensure that the less acute client still receives a reasonable amount of time, attention, and care during the course of the shift. Which of the following is the nurse attempting to enact?
Justice
What was one barrier to the development of the nursing profession in the United States after the Civil War?
Lack of educational standards
A parent of a high school student age 17 years is allowing the child to make the decision on the college that will be attended. When the child requests direction from the parent in making this decision, the parent responds by stating, "you will need to make this decision on your own." What type of value transmission is the parent displaying?
Laissez-faire
Which individual provided community-based care and founded public health nursing?
Lillian Ward
Which action most clearly demonstrates a nurse's commitment to social justice?
Lobbying for an expansion of health care resources and benefits
The community environment affects the well-being of the individual and the family. Which of the following is the health responsibility of the family?
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle
A client of Arab descent has been admitted to the health care facility with varicose veins. What should the nurse avoid while conducting the interview of the client?
Maintaining eye contact
What is the central theme of Florence Nightengale's nursing theory?
Meeting the personal needs of the client within the environment
A nurse knows the ethical term "do not cause harm" is an example of:
Nonmaleficence
What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is done?
Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care
The client's plan of care is created by the nurse using which guideline for nursing practice?
Nursing process
The nurse is implementing care for several clients. Which of the following clients is the nurse helping to reach the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs?
The nurse provides privacy for the client and family during times of prayer
A client arrives at a health care facility complaining of pain in the abdomen and diarrhea. The physician diagnoses the client with colitis, an acute illness. Why is colitis considered an acute illness?
The onset is sudden
There are four common concepts in nursing theory. While all concepts are important, the focus of nursing is always on which of the following?
The person
Which of the following is a characteristic of the care-based approach to bioethics?
The promotion of the dignity and respect of clients as people
Which is the definition best describes acute illness?
The rapid onset of symptoms lasting a relatively short time
What statement best explains the importance of theoretic frameworks?
Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice.
The nursing instructor is explaining sources of knowledge to a group of nursing students. She says, "Some knowledge is passed down from one generation to another." One of the students describes this source as being what?
Traditional knowledge
A nurse has chosen to characterize a new initiative as "wellness promotion" rather than "health promotion." Which statement best describes the difference between the concept of wellness and the concept of health?
Wellness is an active state, whereas health is a more passive state dependent on the absence of disease
