Nurs346 Final All EAQs

A patient is hospitalized with symptoms of TB. The nurse recognizes that at least one of the sputum specimens for acid-fast bacilli needs to be obtained at which time of the day? - 6 am - 12 noon - 6 pm - 9 pm

- 6 am

Which decibel loss indicated moderately severe hearing impairment? - 52 dB - 60 dB - 85 dB - 110 dB

- 60 dB

Which patient is most likely to experience anemia related to an increased destruction of red blood cells? - A 59 year old man whose alcoholism has precipitated folic acid deficiency - A 23 year old African American man who has a diagnosis of sickle cell disease - A 30 year old woman with a history of heavy periods accompanied by anemia - A 3 year old child whose impaired growth and development is attributable to thalassemia

- A 23 year old African American man who has a diagnosis of sickle cell disease

Which individual would the nurse identify as having the highest risk for CAD? - A 45 year old male with depression and a high stress job - A 60 year old male with below normal homocysteine levels - A 54 year old female vegetarian with elevated HDL levels - A 62 year old female who has a sedentary lifestyle and BMI of 23 kg/m

- A 45 year old male with depression and a high stress job

Which primary causes of heart failure are linked to specific genes and gene mutations? SATA - HTN - Hyperthyroidism - Cardiomyopathy - Rheumatic heart disease - Coronary artery disease

- HTN - Cardiomyopathy - Coronary artery disease

Which items in a patient's medical history are risk factors for heart failure? SATA: - Cirrhosis - HTN - Multiple Sclerosis - Marfan's Syndrome - Metabolic Syndrome

- HTN - Metabolic Syndrome

Which question will the nurse ask when assessing the nutritional metabolic pattern of a patient with COPD? - Have you lost weight recently? - Do you have trouble getting to the toilet? - Does your breathing wake you up at night? - Do you have any pain associated with breathing?

- Have you lost weight recently?

The nurse provides education to a patient with Meniere's disease. What long-term effect of the disease should the nurse include in the teaching? - Hearing loss - Double vision - Chronic vertigo - Chronic headaches

- Hearing loss

A patient who has bone cancer reports intolerable pain in the thigh. Which drug would the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? - Aspirin - Diclofenac - Morphine - Ibuprofen

- Morphine

A patient's laboratory report revels a hemoglobin level of 11g/dL. The nurse expects to observe which clinical manifestation? - Glossitis - Palpitations - Dyspnea at rest - Roaring in the ears

- Palpitations

Which findings would the nurse expect to see in a patient with a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL? SATA: - Palpitations - Conjunctival pallor - Sternal tenderness - High oxygen saturation - heart rate of 104 beats/ min

- Palpitations - Conjunctival pallor - heart rate of 104 beats/ min

Which neurodegenerative disorder has the characteristics of rigidity and bradykinesia? - MS - Parkinson's Disease - Lou Gehrig's disease - Huntington's disease

- Parkinson's Disease

Which condition is consistent with excessive daytime sleepiness and a decreased dopamine level? - Narcolepsy - Jet lag disorder - Alzheimer's Disease - Parkinson's disease

- Parkinson's disease

The nurse is assessing the ankle-brachia index f four patient. Patient A is 0.61, patient B is 1.20, Patient C is 1.09 and Patient D is 0.86. Which patient is at moderate risk for PAD? - Patient A - Patient B - Patient C - Patient D

- Patient A

The nurse is interacting with the caregivers of different patients who are diagnosed with cancer. Which patient information from the caregivers demonstrates a patient's previous success in coping with stress? - Patient A: "My friend lost her job a few months; but she was determined to do well as her next job." - Patient B: "My friend used to say that he does not want a painful death like his father had due to cancer." - Patient C: "My friend thinks she is going to lose her good looks after the treatment." - Patient D: "My friend is very tired and fed up because of constant nausea and diarrhea."

- Patient A: "My friend lost her job a few months; but she was determined to do well as her next job."

Which patient would the nurse identify as the highest risk for sickle cell anemia? - Patient A: African American - Patient B: Mediterranean origin - Patient C: Ashkenzai Jew - Patient D: Scandinavian

- Patient A: African American

Upon review of four patients' medical records, which patient would the nurse suspect as being susceptible to developing Parkinson's disease? - Patient A: Deficiency of dopamine - patient B: Cauda equine - Patient C: Intracranial injury - Patient D: Acute Hemorrhage

- Patient A: Deficiency of dopamine

The nurse is assessing four patient with different refractive errors. Which patient will the nurse suspect to have hyperopia? - Patient A: inability to accommodate for objects at a distance - Patient B: Inability to accommodate for near objects - Patient C: loss of accommodation which is associated with age - Patient D: Irregular corneal curvature

- Patient B: Inability to accommodate for near objects

Which parameters are taken into account in the TNM staging of cancers? SATA: - Tumor size - Metastasis - Number of tumors - Lymph node involvement - Response to hormonal therapy

- Tumor size - Metastasis - Lymph node involvement

Which caregiver's actions, implemented during the patient's acute seizure episode, indicates understanding of the home care measures taught prior to discharge? SATA: - Turning the patient to their side - loosening the patient's tight clothing - easing the patient to the floor, if seated - apply soft restraints to the patient's extremities - immediately sending the patient to hospital after a single seizure

- Turning the patient to their side - loosening the patient's tight clothing - easing the patient to the floor, if seated

Which type of carcinogen is associated with melanomas, squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell carcinomas? - viral -chemical - UV radiation - inherited genetic mutation

- UV radiation

Which tumor would the nurse expect when a patient's histology report mentions grade IV tumors? - Undifferentiated - Well differentiated - Poorly differentiated - Moderately differentiated

- Undifferentiated

Which type of angina increases in frequency, duration and severity over time? - Unstable angina - Prinzmetal's angina - Microvascular angina - Chronic stable angina

- Unstable angina

The nurse suspects that a patient with lung cancer has brain metastasis based on which assessment finding? - Unsteady gait - Muscle wasting - Pleural effusion - Edema of the face and neck

- Unsteady gait

The nurse is teaching an older patient about treatment and management of peptic ulcer disease. Which statement made by the patient indicates need for further teaching? - " I should report abdominal pain or discomfort to the HCP." - I should avoid irritating substances that worsen my ulcer." - " I should take NSAIDs with food, milk or antacids." - I should adhere to PPI and H2 receptor blocker therapy as prescribed."

- " I should take NSAIDs with food, milk or antacids."

The family of a patient with a recent diagnosis of late-stage cancer asks the nurse whether cancer is related to their African American race. Which response by the nurse correctly reflects cancer incidence in relation to race? - "Sadly, racial disparities related to cancer death rates are increasing." - "Cancer rates for African American women are much higher than those for white women." - "African Americans are generally at a later stage of cancer when they receive a diagnosis." - "The rates of cancer for African American men is high, but cancer rates are higher for Hispanic men."

- "African Americans are generally at a later stage of cancer when they receive a diagnosis."

Which questions would the nurse ask a patient who has hematologic problems? SATA: - "Have you ever had a fracture?" - "Are you taking any herbal products?" - "Have you ever received a blood transfusion?" - "Is there any family history of anemia, cancer, bleeding, or clotting problems?" - "Do you have any difficulty in performing daily activities because of a lack of energy?"

- "Are you taking any herbal products?" - "Have you ever received a blood transfusion?" - "Is there any family history of anemia, cancer, bleeding, or clotting problems?" - "Do you have any difficulty in performing daily activities because of a lack of energy?"

A patient is diagnosed with astigmatism and asks what this will mean for their vision. What is the best response by the nurse? - "Astigmatism is a clouding of the lens causing problems with glare." - "Astigmatism causes distorted vision because of corneal unevenness." - "Astigmatism limits visual acuity because of damage to the optic nerve." - "Astigmatism is elevated pressure within the eye caused by excess fluid."

- "Astigmatism causes distorted vision because of corneal unevenness."

After the nurse has finished teaching about how to manage fatigue induced by radiation therapy, which patient statement indicates effective teaching? - "I will keep myself busy continuously throughout the daylight hours." - "I will walk three to four hours every day to increase my level of energy." - "It is most important for me to avoid asking for help so I can become more independent." - "Because I have the most energy in the morning, I will plan my errands during this time."

- "Because I have the most energy in the morning, I will plan my errands during this time."

The patient calls the clinic about a sty that the patient has had for some time on the upper eyelid. The patient says warm moist compresses have been used, but it is no better. What should the nurse tell the patient to do? - "Go to the pharmacy to get some eyedrops." - "Come in so the ophthalmologist can remove the lesion for you" - "The health care provider will need to inject it with an antibiotic" - "Wash the lid margins with baby shampoo to remove the crusting."

- "Come in so the ophthalmologist can remove the lesion for you"

The nurse is completing a health history on a patient diagnosed with PUD. Which questions are appropriate while assessing the patient's cognitive-perceptual pattern? SATA: - "Do you experience hematemesis?" - "Do you have any black, tarry stools?" - "Do you experience any nocturnal pain?" - "Do you have a family history of PUD?" - "Do you experience high epigastric pain one to two hours after eating?"

- "Do you experience any nocturnal pain?" - "Do you experience high epigastric pain one to two hours after eating?"

Which question would the nurse ask to determine if a patient is at risk for cancer due to radiation exposure? - "What are the usual foods in your diet?" - "Have you received the hepatitis B vaccination?" - "Are you exposed to benzene in your workplace?" - "Do you use sunscreen when exposed to sunlight?"

- "Do you use sunscreen when exposed to sunlight?"

The nurse provides information to a nursing student about the administration of erythropoietin therapy to a patient with chronic kidney disease. Which statement made by the student indicates effective learning? - "EPO benefits a patient with plasma ferritin concentrations less than 100 mg/mL." - EPO should be administered in higher doses to a patient with hemoglobin levels of more than 12 g/dL." - "EPO is given IV or subcutaneously, usually 2 or 3 times per week." - "EPO can be safely given to a patient whose BP is 150/90 mm Hg."

- "EPO is given IV or subcutaneously, usually 2 or 3 times per week."

The nurse is caring for a patient with hemolytic anemia. Which question asked by the nurse when obtaining a history is most significant to this disease process? - "Are you pregnant?" - "Have you ever had a heart attack?" - "Have you been taking methyldopa?" - "Are you taking any iron supplements?"

- "Have you been taking methyldopa?"

Which question would the nurse ask a patient whose hemoglobin is 5.8 g/dL, they are tired and irritable, they have dyspnea at rest and there is the presence of pallor and pruritus? - "Have you ever experienced poor quality sleep?" - "Have you ever received a blood transfusion?" - "Have you experienced dark, tarry bowel movements?" - "Have you ever had an allergic reaction to a medication?"

- "Have you experienced dark, tarry bowel movements?"

A patient with a peptic ulcer begins vomiting. The nurse would expect and be concerned with which type of vomitus? - Fecal - Bilious - "coffee ground" - undigested food

- "coffee ground"

Which question should the nurse include in the health history interview to determine if a patient is at risk for cancer due to a viral carcinogen? - "What are the usual foods in your diet?" - "Have you received the hepatitis B vaccination?" - "Are you exposed to benzene in your workplace?" - "Do you use sunscreen when exposed to sunlight?"

- "Have you received the hepatitis B vaccination?"

To determine potential exposure to chemicals, which question would the nurse include when taking the history of a patient with anemia? SATA: - "Is your appetite affected?" - "Have you worked in the military?" - "What kind of diet do you follow?" - "Does your occupation expose you to hazardous substances?" - "Has your present illness caused a change in your eating habits?"

- "Have you worked in the military?" - "Does your occupation expose you to hazardous substances?"

The nurse is giving a patient instructions regarding the management of GERD. Which statement indicates that further teaching is required ? - " So I don't have to follow a specific diet?" - "Chewing gum may help relieve my symptoms." - "I can have warm milk at bedtime, just not chocolate milk." - "Instead of eating three large meals a day, I should eat small frequent meals throughout the day."

- "I can have warm milk at bedtime, just not chocolate milk."

The nurse suspects that a patient is at a high risk for developing osteoporosis. The nurse made this conclusion based on which statement made by the patient? - "I do not perform any weight-bearing exercises." - "I take folic acid supplements on a regular basis." - "I take cod liver oil supplements on a regular basis." - "I refer from following drastic diets for weight loss."

- "I do not perform any weight-bearing exercises."

The nurse is completing an admission history for a patient with osteoarthritis who has been admitted for a knee arthroplasty. When the nurse asks the patient why the procedure is being performed, what does the nurse anticipate the patient will state? - "I have chronic knee pain." - "I have a fractured patella." - "I have frequent and multiple falls" - "My knee needs to be totally immobilized."

- "I have chronic knee pain."

The nurse provides discharge teaching to a patient with sickle cell disease. Which statements made by the patient indicate understanding of the teaching? SATA: - "I should avoid high altitudes." - "I should drink orange juice quite often." - "I can safely consume uncooked seafood." - "I shouldn't receive the pneumococcal injection." - "I should start screening for retinopathy at age 10."

- "I should avoid high altitudes. - "I should start screening for retinopathy at age 10."

The nurse provides education to a patient with hemophilia about safety measures. Which statements made by the patient indicate an understanding of the teaching? SATA: - "I should participate in contact sports." - "I should wear a Medic Alert tag wherever I go." - "I should wear gloves while doing household chores." - "I should carry an epinephrine injection wherever I go." - "I should immediately consult my health care provider after severe injury."

- "I should wear a Medic Alert tag wherever I go." - "I should wear gloves while doing household chores." - "I should immediately consult my health care provider after severe injury."

As a part of discharge teaching, the nurse has explained to a patient with osteoarthritis about the disease and its treatment. Which statements by the patient indicate the need for furthering education? SATA: - "I'll never use a staircase." - "I should maintain a healthy body weight." - "My bones have become weak and fragile." - "I should not stand or kneel for a long time." - "I can skip doses if I don't have symptoms."

- "I'll never use a staircase." - "My bones have become weak and fragile." - "I can skip doses if I don't have symptoms."

While teaching a community group about women's health, which guidelines would the nurse include? - "Mammograms are necessary if you have a family history of breast cancer." - "It's recommended that you get a mammogram each year after you turn 45." - "If you are not able to perform breast self-examination, you should go for regular mammograms." - "If you are an average-risk woman and your health care provider performs a clinical breast examination annually, then you will not need to have a mammogram."

- "If you are not able to perform breast self-examination, you should go for regular mammograms."

A patient with cancer has dysgeusia and tells the student nurse, "I don't want to eat. Everything tastes bitter." Which patient advice planned by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching? - "Add onions to the vegetables." - "Increase use of spicy seasonings." - "Use mint juice while cooking fish." - "Marinate the meat with lemon juice."

- "Increase use of spicy seasonings."

A patient with neutropenia asks how the prescribed protective (reverse) isolation helps prevent the spread of organisms. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? - "It is designed to use special techniques to decrease discharge from your body." - "It is designed to use special techniques to handle your linens and personal items." - "It is designed to minimize the spread of germs to you from sources outside your environment." - "It is designed to minimize the spread of germs from you to health care personnel, visitors and other patients."

- "It is designed to minimize the spread of germs to you from sources outside your environment."

For which reason would a patient with cancer have an elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level? - "It may be newly formed due to altered expression of protooncogenes." - "It may normally get elevated and should not be associated with cancer." - "It may be newly formed due to altered expression of a tumor- inducing gene." - "It may be newly formed due to altered expression of a tumor- inhibiting gene."

- "It may be newly formed due to altered expression of protooncogenes."

Family members are shocked that their mother has a diagnosis of lung cancer. They ask the nurse whether it is common for women to have lung cancer. Which response would the nurse provide? - "Lung cancer is the second most common cancer for both men and women." - "Sadly, it is not that unusual; lung cancer is now the leading cancer for women." - "It is unusual that your mother would have lung cancer because fewer women smoke than men." - "Lung cancer is not as common as colorectal cancer, but more women are receiving this diagnosis."

- "Lung cancer is the second most common cancer for both men and women."

A patient has a 2 month history of taking warfarin as treatment for DVT. The patient is scheduled for an unrelated surgery. Which international normalized ratio result indicates that the patient will likely require Vitamin K before surgery? - 1.0 - 1.2 - 2.0 - 3.4

- 3.4

The nurse is providing care for a 73 year old male patient who has sought care because of a loss in hearing acuity over the past several years. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate? - "This is often caused by an infection that will resolve on its own" - "Many people experience an age-related decline in their hearing" - "This is likely an effect of your medications. Try stopping them for a few days" - "You can likely accommodate for your hearing loss with a few small changes in your routine."

- "Many people experience an age-related decline in their hearing"

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient who has anemia secondary to acute blood loss. Which instruction would the nurse include in the discharge teaching? - "You will need to take an iron supplement for the rest of your life to make sure the anemia does not return." - "You will need to make dietary change to help support the production of red blood cells for the next one to two years." - "It would be best to take several supplements to prevent the anemia from recurring, including folic acid, niacin, and riboflavin." - "Now that the blood loss is controlled and as your blood volume is replaced, the anemia generally corrects itself, so no long-term treatment is needed."

- "Now that the blood loss is controlled and as your blood volume is replaced, the anemia generally corrects itself, so no long-term treatment is needed."

The nurse is reinforcing general health teaching for a patient with osteoarthritis of the knees. Which statement made by the patient demonstrates correct understanding of osteoarthritis? - "Cartilage destruction does not begin until after age 50." - "Osteoarthritis is a normal part of the aging process." - "Osteoarthritis is more common with aging, but usually it remains confined to a few joints and does not cause crippling." - "Osteoarthritis is an inflammatory disease of the joints that may present symptoms at any age."

- "Osteoarthritis is more common with aging, but usually it remains confined to a few joints and does not cause crippling."

A patient with adrenal insufficiency is advised to take corticosteroids for four months. What should be told to the patient about how to prevent osteoporosis? SATA: - "Eat a protein-rich diet." - "Take vitamin D tablets." - "Avoid a calcium- rich diet." - "Avoid a calcium- rich diet." -"Avoid bisphosphonates." - "Avoid high-impact exercise."

- "Take vitamin D tablets." -"Avoid bisphosphonates."

Which statement would the nurse use to explain the loss of contact inhibition in cancer cells? - "The cell differentiation is unstable." - "The cells grow on top of one another." - "The cell loses its potential to perform all the body functions." - "The cells do not revert back to their previous undifferentiated state."

- "The cells grow on top of one another."

The nurse and a student nurse are discussing a patient's complete blood count, which shows red blood cells 1.8x10^6/uL, WBCs 2x10^9/L and platelets 90x10^9/L. Which response by the students indicated an understanding of the results? - "The laboratory results indicate leukopenia." - "The laboratory results indicate neutropenia." - "The laboratory results indicate pancytopenia." - "The laboratory results indicate thrombocytopenia."

- "The laboratory results indicate pancytopenia."

Which statements would the nurse include in teaching about gender differences related to cancer? SATA: - "Women are more likely to develop liver cancer than men." - "The mortality rate of lung cancer is higher in men than in women." - "More women than men die from cancer- related deaths every year." - "The cancer with the highest incidence among men is prostate cancer." - "Head and neck cancers occur more frequently in men than in women."

- "The mortality rate of lung cancer is higher in men than in women." - "The cancer with the highest incidence among men is prostate cancer." - "Head and neck cancers occur more frequently in men than in women."

The nurse is assisting a patient with stage IV lung cancer who is upset. Which statement by the nurse would help this patient cope with the diagnosis? - "Lung cancers are easily treatable." - "Anyone diagnosed with cancer feels the way you do." - "Let's discuss this later, when you have your family with you." - "This must be very difficult for you. Let me know how I can help."

- "This must be very difficult for you. Let me know how I can help."

Which instruction would be beneficial for the nurse to provide a patient diagnosed with pernicious anemia? - "Avoid consuming red meat and fish." - "Limit consuming milk and dairy products." - "Undergo frequent hepatitis A screenings." - "Undergo frequent GI cancer screenings."

- "Undergo frequent GI cancer screenings."

A patient who is undergoing brachytherapy of the cervix tells the nurse, "I feel like I'll be alone in this room forever!" Which response would the nurse provide? - "The staff is trying to provide privacy for you as much as possible." - "Is there a family member we can call to stay with you during the treatment?" - "Let me call your health care provider to see if the therapy can be removed early." - "We have to limit time that we are in your room, but the treatment is almost finished."

- "We have to limit time that we are in your room, but the treatment is almost finished."

The community nurse is teaching preventive cancer measures to a group. Which statements indicate effective learning by the participants? SATA: - "We should sleep for at least four to five hours." - "We should avoid smoked and and salt-cured meats." - "We should exercise for about 30 minutes in a week." - "We should add whole grains and fiber foods in our diet." - "We should be familiar with our family history regarding health."

- "We should avoid smoked and and salt-cured meats." - "We should add whole grains and fiber foods in our diet." - "We should be familiar with our family history regarding health."

Which explanation would the nurse provide to a patient who will have an excisional biopsy? - "A core piece of tissue is removed and preserved for analysis." - "You will have a surgical procedure to remove the entire lesion." - "You will have a partial excision of the lesion using a dermal punch." - "A small- gauge needs is used to remove cells for cytologic examination."

- "You will have a surgical procedure to remove the entire lesion."

A male patient with hemophilia informs the nurse about plans to start a family. The patient asks, "Do I need to take any precautions to prevent my child from acquiring the disease?" Which response would the nurse provide? - "No specific precautions are needed; your child will not get this disease from you." - "Your female partner could have testing to see if she is a carrier of the same disorder." - "You can take medications to prevent your child from being affected by this disorder." - "Hemophilia is not a genetic disorder; it cannot be passed on from one generation to another."

- "Your female partner could have testing to see if she is a carrier of the same disorder."

A newly diagnoses patient with HIV inquires as to the requirements for development of AIDS. Which diagnostic criterion for AIDS would the nurse share with the patient? Select all that apply: - the presence of HIV antibodies - A CD4 count below 200 - the presence of an opportunistic infection - a white blood cell count below 5000 - presence of an opportunistic cancer - loss of 10% or more of ideal body mass

- A CD4 count below 200 - the presence of an opportunistic infection - presence of an opportunistic cancer - loss of 10% or more of ideal body mass

The nurse is teaching a student about PE. Which response by the student indicates to the nurse teaching was effective? - A clot in the iliac vein may lead to a potentially lethal pulmonary emboli. - A clot in the portal vein may lead to a potentially lethal pulmonary emboli. - A clot in the jugular vein may lead to a potentially lethal pulmonary emboli. - A clot in the lumbar vein may lead to a potentially lethal pulmonary emboli.

- A clot in the iliac vein may lead to a potentially lethal pulmonary emboli.

The nurse provides medication education to a patient diagnosed with CAD who will begin taking lipid-lowering meds. Which information would the nurse include in the teaching? SATA: - A major side effect of simvastatin is muscle weakness and pain - Ezetimibe is an example of lipid-lowering medications that are called statins - With niacin, flushing of the face and neck may occur within 20 minutes of taking the drug - Liver enzymes need to be monitored at initiation of simvastatin and with dosage increase - Ezetimibe, in combination with statins, produces greater reduction of LDL

- A major side effect of simvastatin is muscle weakness and pain - With niacin, flushing of the face and neck may occur within 20 minutes of taking the drug - Liver enzymes need to be monitored at initiation of simvastatin and with dosage increase - Ezetimibe, in combination with statins, produces greater reduction of LDL

During a health screening event, which assessment finding would alert the nurse to the possible presence of osteoporosis? - A measurable loss of height - The presence of bowed legs - Poor appetite and aversion to dairy products - Development of unstable, wide-gait ambulation

- A measurable loss of height

Which finding supports heparin- induced thrombocytopenia? - A patient has a viral infection - A patient has hemolytic anemia - A patient has a platelet count of 100,000/ uL - A patient has SLE

- A patient has a platelet count of 100,000/ uL

Which patient would the nurse prepare to implement neutropenic precautions? - A patient with a WBC count of 5000/uL and 30% neutrophils - A patient with a WBC count of 7000/uL and 30% neutrophils - A patient with a WBC count of 9000/uL and 10% neutrophils - A patient with a WBC count of 10,000/uL and 10% neutrophils

- A patient with a WBC count of 9000/uL and 10% neutrophils

Which persons are the most suited for diabetes screening? SATA: - A person with HTN - A person who is physically inactive - A person with polycystic ovarian syndrome - A person who delivered a baby weighing 9 lbs - A person whose BMI is 25 kg/m

- A person with HTN - A person who is physically inactive - A person with polycystic ovarian syndrome

After providing education to a patient with otosclerosis, the nurse determines that the teaching was effective when the patient states that the hearing loss is due to what? - A tumor in the middle ear - Too much ear wax build up - Taking too much aspirin over the years - A problem with the bones in the middle ear

- A problem with the bones in the middle ear

Which findings during the cardiovascular assessment of a patient require further evaluation? SATA: - A thready pulse is present - Hands and feet are cold to the touch - Edema is absent in the extremities - Capillary refill takes four seconds - Veins in the neck are not distended

- A thready pulse is present - Hands and feet are cold to the touch - Capillary refill takes four seconds

Which category of medication helps reduce afterload in patients with heart failure? - opioids - antidysrhythmic dugs - Beta Blockers - ACE Inhibitors

- ACE Inhibitors

A patient's laboratory report reveals that the cells from the tumor biopsy are grade II. Which interpretation would the nurse make about the tumor cells? - Abnormal and moderately differentiated - Very abnormal and poorly differentiated - Immature, primitive and undifferentiated - Differing slightly from normal cells, well differentiated

- Abnormal and moderately differentiated

Which test result places a patient with leukemia at high risk for developing infection? - Platelet count 150,000/uL - Absolute neutrophil count 500 cells/ uL - Total RBC count 4.3x10^6/uL - Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of 35%

- Absolute neutrophil count 500 cells/ uL

Which prescribed medication would the nurse anticipate administering to the patient complaining of a severe headache, neck stiffness, and intensified pain upon exposure to sound? - Acetaminophen - Dexamethasone - Dihydroergotamine - Ergotamine tartrate

- Acetaminophen

Which is the primary function of beta interferon? - Proliferation and differentiation of monocytes - Proliferation and differentiation of neutrophils - Production of red blood cells in the bone marrow - Activation of natural killer cells and macrophages

- Activation of natural killer cells and macrophages

A patient awaiting a biopsy pathology report states, "I am afraid to die." Which response would the nurse make? - Actively listen and allow the patient to talk about his or her fears - Teach the patient about the seven warning signs of cancer - Discuss the need to make changes in an unhealthy lifestyle - Remind the patient that there is probably no reason to worry

- Actively listen and allow the patient to talk about his or her fears

A patient undergoing chemotherapy has a low white blood cell count. Which intervention would the nurse anticipate? - Monitor the respiratory rate of the patient - Administer WBC growth factors - Request that the chemotherapy dose be reduced - Allow the patient to visit with family and friends.

- Administer WBC growth factors

Which interventions should the nurse perform to relieve stomatitis for a patient experiencing severe side effects of chemotherapy? SATA: - Apply topical anesthetics - Encourage nutritional supplements - Give diuretics and laxatives regularly - Encourage oral application of alcohol - Discourage the use of irritants like tobacco.

- Apply topical anesthetics - Encourage nutritional supplements - Discourage the use of irritants like tobacco.

A patient presenting with an itching, burning sensation and redness in the eye is diagnosed with allergic conjunctivitis. What interventions are most important to ease the symptoms? SATA: - Administer artificial tears, as prescribed - instruct the patient to wash hands regularly - instruct the patient to avoid the allergen if known - administer topical antihistamines or corticosteroids - instruct the patient to use individual or disposable towels

- Administer artificial tears, as prescribed - instruct the patient to avoid the allergen if known - administer topical antihistamines or corticosteroids

A male patient presents with mild symptoms of PAD. Which interventions will the nurse expect to see in the patient's treatment plan? SATA: - Administering an antiplatelet agent - Advising the patient to exercise daily - Administering an ACE Inhibitor - Advising the patient to maintain a wast circumference of less than 45 inches - Advising the patient to maintain a BMI of less than 25 kg/m

- Administering an antiplatelet agent - Advising the patient to exercise daily - Administering an ACE Inhibitor - Advising the patient to maintain a BMI of less than 25 kg/m

Which statement about providing an opioid to a dying patient who is experiencing severe cancer pain is consistent with the rule of double effect? - The opioids will likely hasten the person's death - Opioids in this situation may cause addiction and should not be given - The opioids will probably be no more effective than nonopioids for pain relief - Administering opioids to a dying patient in pain is an appropriate nursing action

- Administering opioids to a dying patient in pain is an appropriate nursing action

Which self-management measures would the nurse teach a patient with HIV to prevent developing a resistance to antibiotics and infections? Select all that apply: - Advise the patient to avoid skipping antibiotic doses -advise the patient to wash hands properly and regularly - advise the patient to save unfinished antibiotics for later use - advise the patient to avoid requesting an antibiotic for flu or colds - advise the patient to take antibiotics only until the patient feels better

- Advise the patient to avoid skipping antibiotic doses -advise the patient to wash hands properly and regularly - advise the patient to avoid requesting an antibiotic for flu or colds

Which information regarding the incidence and death rates of cancer is accurate? SATA: - African Americans have a higher death rate from cancer than whites - Thyroid cancer is more prevalent in women than in men - Colon cancer is the most common type of cancer in men - A higher percentage of women than men have lung cancer - More men than women die from cancer-related deaths each year

- African Americans have a higher death rate from cancer than whites - Thyroid cancer is more prevalent in women than in men - More men than women die from cancer-related deaths each year

The nurse provides education to a patient who receives a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin for treatment of angina. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further teaching? - I cannot take sildenafil and nitroglycerin at the same time - After the bottle is open, the tablets should be replaced every 12 months - after taking a tablet, I may experience a headache, dizziness or flushing - I can take a tablet 5-10 minutes before starting an activity that causes angina

- After the bottle is open, the tablets should be replaced every 12 months

The nurse is planning an educational course on risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Which factors should the nurse identify as nonmodifiable risk factors? SATA: - HTN - Type 2 DM - Age greater than 60 - Exposure to nephrotoxic drugs - family history of CKD

- Age greater than 60 - family history of CKD

Which medication is beneficial to a patient reporting coughing, dyspnea, and radiating pain to the back, neck and jaw? - Nifedipine - Prednisone - Isosorbide dinitrate - Aluminum hydroxide

- Aluminum hydroxide

A health care provider advises against prescribing an antibiotic to a patient with a severe cold, sore throat, and runny nose. The patient states, "I really think that an antibiotic would make me feel better soon." How does the nurse respond? - An antibiotic is ineffective against a cold or flu - Do you have any previously prescribed antibiotics at home? If so, you can take that. - your symptoms are not severe enough to treat with antibiotics - I will review a list of antibiotics; I will ask you HCP to prescribe one of them.

- An antibiotic is ineffective against a cold or flu

The nurse would inquire about which conditions when obtaining information about existing hematologic conditions? SATA: - Anemia - Influenza - Hemophilia - Conjunctivitis - Clotting disorders

- Anemia - Hemophilia - Clotting disorders

A palliative care patient, on bed rest for the past six months, begins corticosteroids for an acute asthma attack. Pain control includes morphine intravenously, and a recent laboratory report indicated anemia and eosinophilia. Which clinical manifestations place this patient at risk for skin breakdown? SATA: - Anemia - Asthma - Immobility - Use of morphine - Use of corticosteroids

- Anemia - Immobility

When caring for a patient diagnosed with car pulmonate, which finding will the nurse expect? - Jaundice - Bradycardia - Ankle edema - concave abdomen

- Ankle edema

A patient is suspected of having SLE. Which would be considered diagnostic for SLE? - Anti-smith antibody - Lupus erythematosus - Swan-neck deformity - Raynaud's phenomenon

- Anti-smith antibody

The patient with fibromyalgia has pain at 12 of the 18 identification sites, including the neck and upper back of the knees. The patient also reports non-refreshing sleep, depression, and being anxious when dealing with multiple tasks. About what treatments should the nurse teach this patient? SATA: - Antiseizure drug pregabalin - Low-impact aerobic exercise - Relaxation strategy (biofeedback) - Morphine sulfate extended release tablets - Serotonin reuptake inhibitor

- Antiseizure drug pregabalin - Low-impact aerobic exercise - Relaxation strategy (biofeedback) - Serotonin reuptake inhibitor

The nurse assesses a patient with a red, swollen, circumscribed acutely tender area near the eye and in the lid margin. What action does the nurse anticipate providing to assist with the relief of discomfort due to this condition? - Administration of artificial tears - Insertion of contacts on the cornea - Application of a warm, most compress four times a day - Administration of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory eye drops

- Application of a warm, most compress four times a day

The nurse is assessing a patient's hearing problems. What actions should the nurse take in order to perform the assessment? SATA: - Ask if the patient wears earrings - Ask if the patient is feeling any ear pain - Assess if the patient can hear a clock ticking - Determine if the patient can hear loud noises - Check the external auditory meatus for any discharge

- Ask if the patient is feeling any ear pain - Assess if the patient can hear a clock ticking - Check the external auditory meatus for any discharge

A nurse is assessing a patient with hearing loss that gives a history of taking various medications in the past few years. Which drugs taken by the patient may be ototoxic? SATA: - Aspirin - Antibiotics - Domperidone - Antimalarial drugs - Nutritional supplements

- Aspirin - Antibiotics - Antimalarial drugs

Which factors are possible triggers for asthma exacerbations? SATA: - Aspirin - Perfumes - Animal dander - Humid weather - GERD

- Aspirin - Perfumes - Animal dander -GERD

Which medication increase the risk of ulcer development? SATA: - Aspirin - Fluoxetine - Misoprostol - Bethanechol - Metoclopramide

- Aspirin - Fluoxetine

A patient with anemia experiences fatigue when performing activities of daily living. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to include in the patient's plan of care? - Encourage frequent visitors - Assist the patient in prioritizing activities - Assist the patient in walking immediately after meals. - Ensure that all physical activities are completed in the morning.

- Assist the patient in prioritizing activities

A patient reports visual distortion and is assessed to have an uneven cornea. What refractive error does the nurse determine is most likely present? - Myopia - Hyperopia - Presbyopia - Astigmatism

- Astigmatism

The nurse is reviewing refractive errors of the eye. Which statement does the nurse identify as being true? - Presbyopia occurs when the eyeball elongates - Astigmatism is caused by an irregular corneal curvature - Myopia is an inability to accommodate for near objects - Hyperopia is an inability to accommodate for objects at a distance

- Astigmatism is caused by an irregular corneal curvature

The nurse finds that an older adult patient is showing signs of anemia. Which age-related change is the reason for this condition? - Atrophy of gastric mucosa - Reduced protein synthesis - Decreased HCl acid secretion - Destruction of alpha cells of islets of Langerhans

- Atrophy of gastric mucosa

For the patient with myasthenia gravis, which factors experienced in the patient's current life led to development of respiratory failure and a myasthenic crisis, requiring admission? SATA: - Attended the funeral of a family member earlier in the week - took an antibiotic prescribed for a UTI - was diagnosed with UTI previous week - Omitted pyridostigmine (Mestinon) on the previous day - Consistently took prescribed corticosteroid every other day - Laid down for a nap in a personal recliner after the noon meal each day

- Attended the funeral of a family member earlier in the week - took an antibiotic prescribed for a UTI - was diagnosed with UTI previous week - Omitted pyridostigmine (Mestinon) on the previous day

The nurse provides dietary teaching to a patient with anemia and would include which food sources to promote red blood cell maturation? SATA: - Shellfish - Bananas - Avocados - Red meat - Cornmeal

- Avocados - Red meat

Which instructions would the nurse include when teaching home care measures to a patient diagnosed with hemophilia? SATA: - Avoid contact sports - Perform oral hygiene - Use alcohol- based mouthwashes - Wear gloves while doing household chores - Blow your nose with force if there is a nosebleed

- Avoid contact sports - Perform oral hygiene - Wear gloves while doing household chores

A patient with breast cancer is having external beam radiation treatments. Which information would the nurse teach the patient about the care of the skin? - Use antibacterial soap to feel clean - Scented lotion can be used on the area - Avoid heat and cold to the treatment area - Wear a new bra to comfort and support the area

- Avoid heat and cold to the treatment area

A patient's laboratory reports reveal a platelet level of 18,000/nanoLiters. Which nursing actions will help prevent bleeding complications associated with this lab finding? SATA: - Avoid invasive procedures - Ensure proper hand washing - Include iron- rich food in the diet - Obtain a prescription for a platelet transfusion - Instruct the patient to avoid activities that increase the risk of injury.

- Avoid invasive procedures - Obtain a prescription for a platelet transfusion - Instruct the patient to avoid activities that increase the risk of injury.

Which suggestion would the nurse include when teaching a patient about the prevention of breast cancer? SATA: - Avoid smoking - Avoid exposure to harmful radiation - Increase the use of oral contraceptives - avoid gaining excess weight during adulthood - Use combined hormone therapy after menopause

- Avoid smoking - Avoid exposure to harmful radiation - avoid gaining excess weight during adulthood

A nurse is teaching an obese patient with GERD measures that should be taken to prevent complications. What instructions should the nurse give? SATA: - Avoid tea and coffee - Maintain a low-fat diet - avoid smoking cigarettes - Lie down immediately after having food - use anticholinergic drugs, as prescribed

- Avoid tea and coffee - Maintain a low-fat diet - avoid smoking cigarettes

The nurse is caring for a patient with central diabetes insipidus. What does the nurse recognize is a priority focus of care? - Pacing activities and minimizing fatigue - Preventing treatment-related hypoglycemia - Avoiding dehydration and fluid volume deficit - decreasing renal responsiveness to ADH

- Avoiding dehydration and fluid volume deficit

The nurse is educating a patient at the clinic. Which measures can the nurse discuss with the patient to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis? SATA: - Avoiding intake of fish - Exercising on a hard surface - Increasing the intake of vitamin K - Avoiding forceful, repetitive movements - Avoiding bending the knee past 90 degrees

- Avoiding forceful, repetitive movements - Avoiding bending the knee past 90 degrees

Which findings will the nurse expect when assessing a clinical patient with COPD? SATA: - Barrel chest on inspection - Egophony on auscultation - Dullness on percussion - wheezes on auscultation - Increased tactile remits on palpation

- Barrel chest on inspection - wheezes on auscultation

The nurse is providing discharge education for a patient with an infection who is prescribed antibiotic therapy. Which instructions does the nurse include? Select all that apply: - Stop taking the antibiotic when you feel better - Be sure to take your antibiotics as directed by the prescriber - If a family member has leftover antibiotics just use those to save money - Be sure to take all antibiotics prescribed even if you feel better - save any leftover antibiotics so you can take them anytime that you feel ill

- Be sure to take your antibiotics as directed by the prescriber - Be sure to take all antibiotics prescribed even if you feel better

Which is the most powerful hearing aid available for use by patients with hearing loss? - In the ear - In the canal - Behind the ear - Completely in the canal

- Behind the ear

For the patient receiving initial medications for treatment of MS, which medication would the nurse associate with the patient's reports of flu-like symptoms, depressed feelings, and frequent thoughts of committing suicide? - Beta 1 interferon (Rebif) - Natalizumab (Tysabri) - Mitoxantrone (novantrone) - Dalfampridine (Ampyra)

- Beta 1 interferon (Rebif)

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient after a stress fracture of the foot. Which drug does the nurse inform the patient would increase the risk for osteoporosis? SATA: - Aspirin - Lisinopril - Metformin - Hydrocodone - Betamethasone - Calcium carbonate

- Betamethasone - Calcium carbonate

The nurse teaches a patient with osteoporosis about dietary modifications to improve calcium intake. Which patient food choices indicate the need for additional teaching? - One glass of milk, cottage cheese and one cup of yogurt - Boiled egg, carrot and lettuce salad, and a fresh cut apple - Spinach soup and roasted salmon with cheddar cheese dip - Steamed broccoli salad, steamed oysters, and one cup ice cream

- Boiled egg, carrot and lettuce salad, and a fresh cut apple

A female patient has been diagnosed with hemophilia. Which family background information is possible? SATA: - Both the mother and father have hemophilia - The father has hemophilia and the mother is a carrier of the mutated gene for hemophilia - The mother has hemophilia and the father is a carrier of the mutated gene for hemophilia - The father has hemophilia and the mother is neither hemophilic nor a carrier of the mutated gene for hemophilia - The mother has hemophilia and the father is neither hemophilic not a carrier of the mutated gene for hemophilia

- Both the mother and father have hemophilia - The father has hemophilia and the mother is a carrier of the mutated gene for hemophilia

Which finding in the medical record of a patient with heart failure is not consistent with the patient's diagnosis? - Fatigue - Bradycardia - Clammy and cold skin - Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

- Bradycardia

Which parameter is most important to monitor for the patient who has been started on prednisone for an asthma exacerbation? - Appetite -Daily weight - Breath Sounds - Blood glucose

- Breath Sounds

For which type of infection would a postoperative patient who developed a fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea being on long-term antibiotics be evaluated? - wound infection - urinary infection - respiratory infection - C. Diff infection

- C. Diff infection

Which condition is the leading cause of death in older adults with chronic illness? - Arthritis - Diabetes - CAD - COPD

- CAD

When monitoring the CD4 results of a patient with HIV infection, which CD4 count would prompt the nurse to monitor for clinical manifestations associated with immunity problems? - CD4 count is 1200 - CD4 count falls to 500 - CD4 count falls below 200 - CD4 count is greater than 500

- CD4 count falls to 500

A patient has been advised to undergo genetic testing to determine the correct dosing of warfarin prescribed for DVT. for which genetic variant would the patient be tested? - BRCA 1 - CYP2C9 - HLA-B*5701 - BRAF V600E

- CYP2C9

The nurse is caring for an older adult patient that is being treated for Paget's disease. Which medications does the nurse expect to find in the patient's prescription? SATA: - Calcitonin - Raloxifene - Denosumab - Teriparatide - Bisphosphonates

- Calcitonin - Bisphosphonates

Which laboratory finding may be associated with metastatic bone cancer in the left leg? - Calcium 7.5 mg/dL - Sodium 130 mEq/L - Calcium 11.0 mg/ dL - Potassium 6.5 mEq/L

- Calcium 11.0 mg/ dL

Which opportunistic infections would the nurse monitor for clinical manifestations in the patient which AIDS? Select all that apply: - Legionnaires' disease - Candidiasis of bronchi - Ebola hemorrhagic fever - Toxoplasmosis of the brain -MAC complex

- Candidiasis of bronchi - Toxoplasmosis of the brain -MAC complex

Which measures to decrease the incidence of sickle cell disease would the nurse include in developing a community program? - Proper nutrition - Carrier screening - Passive immunization - Bone marrow transplant

- Carrier screening

The nurse provides medication education to a patient with heart failure. The nurse explains that the drug's mechanism of action is to reverse ventricular remodeling and to decrease cardiac workload by inhibiting catecholamines. The nurse is referring to which drug? - Digitalis - Carvedilol - Dopamine - Furosemide

- Carvedilol

Chronic exposure to UV rays has which effects on the skin that increase the risk for skin cancer? SATA: - Increases blood flow to the skin - Decreases the water content of the skin - Causes an error in the skin's genetic code - Causes degeneration of elastic fibers in skin tissue - Decreases the skin's ability to repair cellular damage

- Causes an error in the skin's genetic code - Decreases the skin's ability to repair cellular damage

When a patient is diagnosed with stage IV malignant cancer, to which extent is the malignancy present? - The cancer is still in situ - Tumor growth is localized - The spread of cancer cells is limited - Cells have undergone metastasis

- Cells have undergone metastasis

Which treatment would the nurse anticipate incorporating into the plan of care for a patient with mild hemophilia A? - Splenectomy - IV immunoglobulin - Romiplostim therapy - Desmopressin acetate

- Desmopressin acetate

A patient with stable angina receives a prescription for isosorbide dinitrate. Which medication information would the nurse provide to the patient? SATA: - This is a short acting nitrate - Change positions slowly after taking this medication - You cannot take sublingual nitroglycerin while taking this medication - You may be scheduled for a 10 to 14 hour nitrate-free period every day - You should take this medication as needed when experiencing chest pain

- Change positions slowly after taking this medication - You may be scheduled for a 10 to 14 hour nitrate-free period every day

Which otolaryngologic symptoms occur in GERD? SATA: - Choking - Dyspnea - Wheezing - Hoarseness - Sore throat

- Choking - Hoarseness - Sore throat

Which type of deficiency causes hemophilia B in a patient? - Iron deficiency - Christmas factor deficiency - Anti-hemophillic factor deficiency - Von Willebrand coagulation protein deficiency

- Christmas factor deficiency

The nurse who is preparing educational information about lung cancer notes that which factor is the primary risk related to its development? - Genetics - Chewing tobacco - Cigarette smoking - Occupational exposure

- Cigarette smoking

Which information in the health history indicates that a patient has a complete carcinogen risk factor for the development of cancer? - Obesity - Diet high in fat - Cigarette smoking - Alcohol consumption

- Cigarette smoking

Which laboratory finding would the nurse attribute to a patient's complaints of numbness in the hands and feet, and reporting poor coordination and balance? - Bilirubin 2 mg/dL - Folic acid 10 ng/dL - Hemoglobin 10 g/dL - Cobalamin 1150 pg/mL

- Cobalamin 1150 pg/mL

Which treatment is likely to be planned for a patient who develops pernicious anemia after a gastrectomy? - Triple drug therapy - IV therapy - Quadruple- drug therapy - Cobalamin replacement therapy

- Cobalamin replacement therapy

A patient with a 15 year history of diabetes has been complaining of intermittent pain in the legs. Which other symptoms would the nurse assess if the patient has the complication of PAD? SATA: - Cold feet - Loss of hair - Dependent rubor - urinary retention - bowel incontinence

- Cold feet - Loss of hair - Dependent rubor

Malaise and weakness in a patient after receiving multidrug chemotherapy 10 days ago can be assessed with which lab test? - Urinalysis - Liver function tests - Basic metabolic panel - Complete blood count

- Complete blood count

The nurse is performing an assessment of the auditory system for a patient diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss. Which findings should the nurse expect to assess? SATA: - Ringing in the ears - Complete hearing loss - Inability to understand speech - Distortion or faintness of sound - Difficulty in understanding meaning of words being heard

- Complete hearing loss - Inability to understand speech - Distortion or faintness of sound

While caring for a patient after bariatric surgery, the nurse identifies that the patient is at risk for VTE. Which treatment strategies are included in the patient's care plan to prevent this complication? SATA: - Antifibrinolytic drugs - Compression stockings - vitamin K supplements - Low-dose heparin - Active and passive range of motion exercises

- Compression stockings - Low-dose heparin - Active and passive range of motion exercises

Which identified clinical manifestation would the nurse associate with those exhibited with a cluster headache? - Hemiparesis - Photophobia - Conjunctivitis - Nuchal rigidity

- Conjunctivitis

A nurse recalls which test as helpful for the identification of types of hemolytic anemia? - Ferritin - Coombs test - Reticulocyte count - Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

- Coombs test

A patient with osteoporosis has a history of multiple fractures. Which prescription should the nurse question the health care provider about that is contraindicated in this patient? - Calcitonin - Raloxifene - Corticosteroids - Bisphosphonates

- Corticosteroids

Which condition involves inflammation of all layers of the bowel wall? - Peritonitis - Gastroenteritis - Crohn's disease - Ulcerative colitis

- Crohn's disease

Which goals are treatment goals of cancer? SATA: - Cure - Control - Palliation - Prevention - Early detection - Clinical staging

- Cure - Control - Palliation

For the patient with Parkinson's disease, which dietary adjustments would the nurse include in the plan of care to prevent malnutrition and constipation? SATA: - Cut food into bite-size pieces - Serve hot foods on a warmed plate - Include whole grains and fruits in the diet - Include plenty of food items high in protein - Provide three large meals rather than six small meals

- Cut food into bite-size pieces - Serve hot foods on a warmed plate - Include whole grains and fruits in the diet

Which occurrence would the nurse identify as being the most likely cause of anemia in a patient with chronic kidney disease? - Excess blood loss - Decreased intake of iron - Decreased thyroid gland activity - Decreased erythropoietin production

- Decreased erythropoietin production

The patient is using a fentanyl patch for control of chronic cancer pain. For which potential adverse effect would the nurse observe? - Hypertension - Pupillary dilation - Urinary incontinence - Decreased respiratory rate

- Decreased respiratory rate

The nurse is caring for a patient with osteoarthritis. Which statement made by the patient demonstrates accurate knowledge of the disorder? - An underproduction of synovial fluid - Degeneration of cartilage in synovial joints - An autoimmune disorder that is hereditary in nature - Breakdown of tissue caused by a sedentary lifestyle

- Degeneration of cartilage in synovial joints

Which condition would the nurse monitor for in a patient who has a hemoglobin level of 20 g/dL? - Anemia - Dehydration - Fluid volume excess - Internal hemorrhage

- Dehydration

Which teaching strategy is best for the nurse to use when teaching a group of patients about breast cancer self-screening techniques? - Handouts - Support group - Demonstration - Lecture- discussion

- Demonstration

A nurse is reviewing the lab findings of a diabetic patient. Blood glucose is 260 mg/dL, arterial blood pH is 6.8, serum bicarbonate is 12 mEq/L, and ketone bodies are moderate to large. What condition does the nurse suspect? -Diabetic retinopathy - Diabetic neuropathy - Diabetic ketoacidosis - Diabetic nephropathy

- Diabetic ketoacidosis

Which prescribed IV injection would the nurse administer first for the patient experiencing status epilepticus? - Diazepam (Valium) - Phenytoin (Dilantin) - Vecuronium ( Norcuron) - Lactated Ringer's Injection

- Diazepam (Valium)

A nurse is teaching a group of patients who are at high risk of developing cancer due to family history. Which agents should the nurse describe as cancer- promoting? SATA: - Radiation - Dietary fats - chemical agents - cigarette smoking - alcohol consumption

- Dietary fats - cigarette smoking - alcohol consumption

A patient who takes digitalis receives a prescription for another new medication. Which medication would cause the nurse to monitor electrolytes more frequently? - Nitrate - Diuretic - Beta Blocker - ACE Inhibitor

- Diuretic

To demonstrate an understanding of Somogyi effect, the nurse correctly identifies which defining characteristics? SATA: - Documented morning hyperglycemia - Caused by not rotating injection sites - May be avoided by consuming a bedtime snack - Treatment is a lower dose of insulin in the evening - Documented hypoglycemia between 2:00 AM and 4:00 AM - Requires an adjustment of administration time of evening insulin

- Documented morning hyperglycemia - May be avoided by consuming a bedtime snack - Treatment is a lower dose of insulin in the evening - Documented hypoglycemia between 2:00 AM and 4:00 AM

For the patient with Parkinson's disease who is taking levodopa with carbidopa (Sinemet), the nurse would monitor the potentional development of which side effects? SATA: - Dizziness - Dyskinesia - Severe Headache - Involuntary eyelid movements - severe nausea and vomiting

- Dyskinesia - Involuntary eyelid movements - severe nausea and vomiting

Which classic symptom of ALS would the nurse expect to identify when performing an assessment? - Dysuria - Dyspnea - Dysphagia - Dysreflexia

- Dysphagia

A patient with a history of DVT is recovering in the PACU after surgery. Which symptoms would the nurse assess if the patient develops a PE? SATA: - Dyspnea - Tachypnea - Tachycardia - Coarse Crackles - Noisy respirations

- Dyspnea - Tachypnea - Tachycardia

The nurse is preparing a lecture for nursing students on healthcare associated UTIs. Education should include ID of which organism as the primary cause? - Pseudomonas - Streptococcus - E. Coli - MRSA

- E. Coli

The community health nurse is teaching a group of adults about prevention of osteoarthritis. What important teaching points should the nurse include? SATA: - Eat a balanced diet - Avoid cigarette smoking - Maintain a healthy weight - Take a low-dose aspirin - Consume a diet high in carbohydrates

- Eat a balanced diet - Avoid cigarette smoking - Maintain a healthy weight

Which symptoms would the nurse expect to find in a patient who has a white blood cell count of 5000/uL, a platelet count of 90,000/uL, and an absolute neutrophil count of 1200 cells/uL? - Pruritus - Ecchymosis - Spider nevus - The mucosa of the tongue is thin and red

- Ecchymosis

Which action by the student nurse indicates effective learning about measures to be followed for a patient who is receiving radiation therapy for head and neck cancer? - Suggesting use of facial massage therapy to help with relaxation - Instructing patients to apply lotion just before radiation treatment - Encouraging bed rest until the series of radiation treatments are complete - Educating patient to avoid using over the counter lotions on irradiated skin

- Educating patient to avoid using over the counter lotions on irradiated skin

Which characteristics describe a benign tumor? SATA: - Metastatic - Encapsulated - Well differentiated - Low rate of recurrence - Infiltrate surrounding areas

- Encapsulated - Well differentiated - Low rate of recurrence

Which interventions would the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a patient with neutropenia? SATA: - Encourage the patient to eat raw eggs - Encourage the patient to wash hands frequently - Encourage the patient to frequent crowded areas - Advise the patient to notify the HCP if a fever develops - Advise the patient to brush the teeth four times a day with a soft toothbrush

- Encourage the patient to wash hands frequently - Advise the patient to notify the HCP if a fever develops - Advise the patient to brush the teeth four times a day with a soft toothbrush

The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with fibromyalgia. What action should the nurse consider while caring for this patient? - Administering long-acting opioids - Avoiding administering any sedatives - Encouraging the patient to reduce the intake of coffee and alcohol - Advising the patient to completely avoid any stretching and exercise

- Encouraging the patient to reduce the intake of coffee and alcohol

A patient has been diagnosed with Burkitt's lymphoma. Which exposure would the nurse expect to find in the patient's history? - solar radiation - ethylene oxide - Epstein- Barr virus - Bacterial infection

- Epstein- Barr virus

Which assessment findings would the nurse recognize as diagnostic of AIDS in the patient diagnosed with HIV approximately 12 years ago? Select all that apply: - Typhoid fever - Hepatitis A Infection - Esophageal candidiasis - Pulmonary cryptococcosis -CD4 count less than 200 cells

- Esophageal candidiasis -CD4 count less than 200 cells

Which factor makes women more prone to osteoporosis compared to men? - Large- boned frame - Estrogen deficiency - High- impact aerobics - Bisphosphonates intake

- Estrogen deficiency

Which interventions would the nurse provide a patient who has polycythemia? SATA: - Monitoring liver function tests - Evaluating fluid intake and output - Assessing the patient's nutritional status - Initiating active and passive leg exercises - Instructing the patient to avoid high altitudes

- Evaluating fluid intake and output - Assessing the patient's nutritional status - Initiating active and passive leg exercises

Which medication is prescribed for the prevention of peptic ulcers caused by NSAIDs and aspirin? - Famotidine - Imipramine - Misoprostol - Clarithromycin

- Misoprostol

The nurse is reinforcing health teaching about osteoporosis with a patient admitted to the hospital. In reviewing this disorder, what should the nurse explain to the patient? - Estrogen therapy must be maintained to prevent rapid progression of the osteoporosis - With a family history of osteoporosis, there is no way to prevent or slow bone resorption - Continuous, low-dose corticosteroid treatment is effective in stopping the course of osteoporosis - Even with a family history of osteoporosis, the calcium loss from bones can be slowed by increased calcium intake and exercise

- Even with a family history of osteoporosis, the calcium loss from bones can be slowed by increased calcium intake and exercise

Which actions are examples of primary prevention strategies? SATA: - Having a colonoscopy at age 50 - Exercising at the gym three times a week - Obtaining a booster immunization for tetanus - Performing monthly breast self-examinations - Eating a diet is low in fat and processes sugars

- Exercising at the gym three times a week - Obtaining a booster immunization for tetanus - Eating a diet is low in fat and processes sugars

A nurse provides discharge education to a patient about the care and management of HTN. Which information would the teaching plan include? SATA: - Explain the meaning of the BP values - Remind the patient to supplement the diet with foods high in sodium - explain the potential dangers of uncontrolled HTN - Assure the patient that short-term therapy will cure HTN - exercise after taking the medication prescribed for HTN - do not alter medication dosage without consulting the HCP

- Explain the meaning of the BP values - explain the potential dangers of uncontrolled HTN - do not alter medication dosage without consulting the HCP

Which replacement blood products may be adminsitered to a patient with hemophilia who is scheduled for an invasive dental procedure? SATA: - Thrombin - Factor VI - Factor VIII - Factor IX - Desmopressin acetate

- Factor VIII - Factor IX - Desmopressin acetate

The nurse is meeting with several individuals for genetic testing education. For which item in a patient history will the nurse encourage that patient to have genetic carrier screening? - Type 1 Diabetes - Iron- deficiency anemia - Family history of sickle cell disease - Mother and sister died of breast cancer

- Family history of sickle cell disease

A patient is diagnosed with otitis media with effusion. The nurse expects that the patient will most likely exhibit what symptoms? - Pain, fever, malaise and reduced hearing - Limited movement of the footplate of the stapes in the oval window - Episodic vertigo, tinnitus, fluctuating sesnorineural hearing loss, and aural fullness - Feeling of fullness of the ear, a plugged feeling or popping, and decreased hearing

- Feeling of fullness of the ear, a plugged feeling or popping, and decreased hearing

The nurse is reviewing the MAR for a patient with BPH. Which med inhibits the synthesis of dihydrotestosterone? - Tadalafil - Silodosin - Finasteride - Saw palmetto

- Finasteride

A patient is admitted to the hospital with Boutonnniere deformity. What are the sgns and symptoms that the nurse is likely to find during assessment? SATA: - Partial dislocation of finger joints - Fingers drift to ulnar side of forearm - Flexion of proximal interphalangeal joint - Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint - Hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint

- Flexion of proximal interphalangeal joint - Hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint

Which med is beneficial for a patient with a UTI secondary to fungal infection? - Ampicillin - Norfloxacin - Fluconazole - Phenazopyridine

- Fluconazole

A nurse assesses a patient whose angiogram revealed an 80% blockage of the left circumflex artery and 70% blockage of the right coronary artery. The patient does mot show any symptoms of coronary ischemia. Which reason explains this finding? - Production of C- reactive proteins - Formation of collateral circulation - Pulmonary artery supplies oxygenated blood to the heart - lowering of LDL levels in the body

- Formation of collateral circulation

Which condition would the nurse assess for in a 70 year old patient who has anemia and poor interstitial iron absorption? - Stomatitis - GI Bleeding - Decreased total serum iron - Decreased total iron- binding capacity

- GI Bleeding

A patient present with burning pain in the epigastrium accompanied by nausea. On interviewing the patient, the nurse finds that the patient has been taking NSAIDs on a regular basis to relieve headaches. Which condition should the nurse expect? - Gastritis - Achalasia - Esophagitis - GERD

- Gastritis

A patient undergoing radiotherapy has developed erythema and desquamation. Which information would the nurse include when educating the patient about skin care in the radiated area? - Use perfumes and cosmetics on the treatment area as desired - Wear fabrics such as wool and corduroy to prevent exposure to cold - Gently cleans the skin using a mild soap, tepid water and a soft cloth - Allow brief periods of direct exposure to sunlight for goof bone health

- Gently cleans the skin using a mild soap, tepid water and a soft cloth

Which routes of transmission and infective periods would the nurse share with the patient who is HIV positive and pregnant? Select all that apply: - HIV can be transmitted by breastfeeding - HIV can be transmitted by contact with vomitus -HIV can be transmitted by hugging and dry kissing - HIV can be transmitted lifelong once a person is HIV positive - HIV can be transmitted even before it is detected on a screening test

- HIV can be transmitted by breastfeeding - HIV can be transmitted lifelong once a person is HIV positive - HIV can be transmitted even before it is detected on a screening test

When teaching a patient with HIV about CD4 T cells which statement would the nurse include? - HIV produces CD4 T cells which will cause you to have more infections - HIV destroys your CD4 T cells and depletes your immune system - Your immune system is considered healthy when you have CD4 T cells - Immune problems begin when you have more than 500 CD4 T cells

- HIV destroys your CD4 T cells and depletes your immune system

Along with the pap test, which test is used to screen for cervical cancer? - CA-125 test - Colposcopy - Cervical biopsy - HPV test

- HPV test

Which extracranial condition would the nurse associate with a patient's seizures? - Migraine - Meningitis - Brain tumor - HTN

- HTN

The nurse is reviewing the types of hearing loss. The patient who has a sensorineural hearing loss should display which of these problems? - Hears better in a noisy environment - Hears sound but does not understand speech - Often speaks softly because his or her own voice seems loud - Experiences clearer sound with a hearing aid if the loss if over 40 to 50 dB

- Hears sound but does not understand speech

The nurse is caring for a patient with CKD. The patient's glomerular filtration rate if 15 mL/min. What are the treatment options the nurse would expect the HCP to discuss with the patient? SATA: - Nephrectomy - Hemodialysis - Peritoneal Dialysis - Kidney transplant in place of dialysis - Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

- Hemodialysis - Peritoneal Dialysis - Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

A patient who had been diagnosed with pre-diabetes six months ago is following up in the outpatient diabetes clinic. The nurse is reviewing the assessment data and understands the nest reflection of good management of this condition is what? - A 20 pound weight loss - Hemoglobin A1C of 5.5% - Reduction of total cholesterol to 200 mg/dL - Decrease in polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia

- Hemoglobin A1C of 5.5%

The nurse presents information about hemophilia to a group of nursing students. Which information would the nurse include? SATA: - Hemophilia A is transmitted by male carrier. - Hemophilia B is transmitted by female carriers - Von Willebrand disease is seen in both genders - Hemophilia A is displayed almost exclusively in men - Hemophilia B is displayed almost exclusively in women

- Hemophilia B is transmitted by female carriers - Von Willebrand disease is seen in both genders - Hemophilia A is displayed almost exclusively in men

Which statement is true regarding hemophilia? - Hemophilia is not hereditary in nature. - Hemophilia can be treated by replacement therapy. - Hemophilia is an X- linked dominant genetic disorder - Hemophilia b is the most common form of hemophilia

- Hemophilia can be treated by replacement therapy.

A patient is illiterate and has cancer. Which factors would the nurse anticipate to be associated with this patient? SATA: - Higher risk of death - Less hospitalization - Increased use of cancer screening - Greater use of emergency department care - Decreased ability to use medications correctly

- Higher risk of death - Greater use of emergency department care - Decreased ability to use medications correctly

Which clinical manifestation is an early sign of laryngeal cancer? - Discolored purulent nasal drainage - Hoarseness for more than two weeks - Tenderness at the ethmoidal sinuses - Nasal cavity filled with mucous fluid

- Hoarseness for more than two weeks

The nurse assesses a patient that has a small, white, superficial nodule along the lid margin. What condition should the nurse consider that is caused by an infection of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid? - Blepharitis - Strabismus - Hordeolum - Conjunctivitis

- Hordeolum

The nurse reviews documentation of assessment findings of a patient with severe anemia. Which assessment finding would the nurse question? - Pallor - Pruritus - Jaundice - Hyperpigmentation

- Hyperpigmentation

A patient reports weight loss, increased appetite, chest pain and hair loss. Assessment findings include large and protruding eyes; skin that is warm, smooth, and moist; an elevated blood pressure; and an increased heart rate. The nurse suspects that the patient has which condition? - Goiter - Hyperthyroidism - Addison's disease - Hypoparathyroidism

- Hyperthyroidism

The nurse reviews the laboratory reports of an obese patient who is diagnosed with gout. Which findings does the nurse associate with the patient's condition? - Hypovolemia - Hyperkalemia - Hyponatremia - Hyperuricemia

- Hyperuricemia

Which condition increases a patient's risk for digoxin toxicity? - Hypokalemia - Hypocalcemia - Hyperuricemia - Hypermagnesemia

- Hypokalemia

A patient with IBD is prescribed prednisone. For what complications that are associated with the medication should the nurse monitor? SATA: - TB - Hypokalemia - Hepatotoxicity - Hypersensitivity - Potential toxic megacolon

- Hypokalemia - Potential toxic megacolon

A nurse is assessing a patient who has thick, dry skin; weight gain; and cold insensitivity. What possible cause does the nurse suspect? - Hypothyroidism - Hyperthyroidism - Addison's disease - Cushing syndrome

- Hypothyroidism

The nurse provides medication teaching to a patient who has been prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further education? - When I put the tablet under my tongue, I should feel a tingling sensation. - I can continue taking tablets until the pain goes away, each five minutes apart - I will need to be careful when I stand up because nitroglycerin can cause dizziness - If chest pain occurs, I will stop what I am doing and place one tablet under my tongue

- I can continue taking tablets until the pain goes away, each five minutes apart

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus who will need to give self-injections of insulin at home. Which statement by the patient indicated to the nurse that the discharge teaching was effective? - I can use my lower forearm for insulin injections - If my intermediate-acting insulin looks cloudy, I should discard the bottle. - I need to rotate sites of injection to allow for better absorption of the insulin - I should push the plunger all the way down and then remove the needle as soon as possible

- I need to rotate sites of injection to allow for better absorption of the insulin

After the nurse has completed diet and nutrition teaching for a patient with COPD, which patient statements indicate effective learning? SATA: - I will need to stop drinking milk - I should avoid beans and cabbage - I can enjoy eating more cold foods and desserts - I will plan to drink at least one glass of water with each meal - I am glad I can have a PBJ sandwich at lunch every day

- I should avoid beans and cabbage - I can enjoy eating more cold foods and desserts - I am glad I can have a PBJ sandwich at lunch every day

The nurse is caring for a patient with a viral infection and recognizes that the patient is at risk for which type of thrombocytopenia? - Hereditary thrombocytopenia - Immune thrombocytopenic purpura - Heparin- induced thrombocytopenia - thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

- Immune thrombocytopenic purpura

The nurse explains dietary modifications to a patient with hematuria and kidney stones. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further teaching? SATA: - I should limit my intake of asparagus - I should drink two glasses of milk everyday - i should limit my intake of carbonated beverages - I should include cheese in my diet, because it is rich in protein - I can have twi pieces of bread with butter for breakfast and dinner

- I should drink two glasses of milk everyday - I should include cheese in my diet, because it is rich in protein - I can have twi pieces of bread with butter for breakfast and dinner

The nurse gives a patient who has DM and PAD information about foot care. Which statements made by the patient indicate a need for additional teaching? SATA: - I should wear all cotton socks - I should refrain from soaking my feet - I should have my capillary refill checked annually by my HCP - I should inspect my feet daily for any mottling - I should wear nylon socks

- I should have my capillary refill checked annually by my HCP - I should wear nylon socks

Which statement made by the nurse indicates effective learning about the instructions for a patient who is prescribed nitroglycerin? - I should direct the patient to inhale the spray containing medication - I should ask the patient to change position rapidly after the medication use - I should instruct the patient to report changes in the pattern of pain to the HCP - I should encourage the patient to administer the med every 30 minutes sublingually if symptoms persist

- I should instruct the patient to report changes in the pattern of pain to the HCP

A nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient with chronic heart failure related to dietary restrictions? Which statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching? - I should not add salt at the table - I can increase my intake of whole milk - I should avoid the use of lemon juice and spices - I can eat bread, processed meat, and cheese

- I should not add salt at the table

The nurse educates a patient with stable angina regarding the administration of nitroglycerin spray. Which statement made by the patient indicates effective learning? - I need to inhale the spray if chest pain occurs - I need to spray the medication on my chest every 5 minutes during the attack - I should take the med five minutes before beginning an activity that causes angina - I should report a tingling sensation associated with the med to my HCP

- I should take the med five minutes before beginning an activity that causes angina

The nursing instructor is evaluating the statements of a student nurse about medication safety for patients with acute kidney injury. Which statement by the student nurse indicates effective learning? - I should warn the patient about the use of OTC drugs - I should suggest that patients limit the course of antibiotics prescribed - I should instruct patients to go for a follow-up medical checkup every 6 months - I should instruct patients to take antihypertensives if their BP increases

- I should warn the patient about the use of OTC drugs

The nurse provides information to a patient about ways to decrease risk factors for CAD. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching? - I will add weightlifting to my daily exercise program - I will change my diet to increase my intake of saturated fats - I will change my lifestyle to alter patterns and decrease my stress - I need to switch to smokeless tobacco instead of smoking cigarettes

- I will change my lifestyle to alter patterns and decrease my stress

A patient with diabetes is waiting in the preoperative holding area for a hernia operation. The patient asks the nurse if the daily insulin dose should be taken. Which response is the most appropriate? - Replace the insulin with an oral drug - I will check with the surgeon and let you know - Take half of the dose of insulin because you are fasting - Avoid taking insulin because it may cause hypoglycemia

- I will check with the surgeon and let you know

After the nurse has completed teaching a patient with COPD how to conserve energy and improve nutrition, which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching? - I will plan to rest for half an hour before eating - I can snack on high calorie foods several times a day - I will perform deep breathing and coughing exercises before meals - I can use supplemental oxygen through a nasal cannula while eating

- I will perform deep breathing and coughing exercises before meals

The nurse provides discharge teaching to a patient with venous leg ulcers. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further education? - I will take a walk daily - I will try to lose at least 20 pounds - I will put on my stockings after I get out of bed each day - I will not wear knee-high socks that are tight around my calf

- I will put on my stockings after I get out of bed each day

Which patient statement indicates understanding of teaching about COPD? -I will get a dehumidifier to use at home - I will report any change in the color of my sputum - When I feel short of breath, I will increase my oxygen flow rate - The correct procedure for pursed-lip breathing is to inhale twice as long as I exhale

- I will report any change in the color of my sputum

The nurse provides discharge education for a patient who receives a new prescription for an antibiotic. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? - I will not skip doses of the antibiotic - I will take the med until it is finished - I will stop taking the antibiotic when my symptoms are better - I will not share the antibiotic with other members of my family

- I will stop taking the antibiotic when my symptoms are better

Which inter professional treatment will the nurse anticipate being prescribed first for a patient who is seen in the ED for an asthma attack and has not improved after administration of albuterol? - fluticasone inhaler - salmeterol inhlaer - IV methylprednisolone - normal saline IV bolus

- IV methylprednisolone

A patient who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus completed a teaching session about disease management. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of type 2 diabetes mellitus? - I will always be able to manage my diabetes with pills - As I get older I will be able to decrease my diabetes medicine - If I become ill, I will need to check my blood sugar more frequently - As long as I take my medication, I do not have to follow a diet

- If I become ill, I will need to check my blood sugar more frequently

Which response does the immune system normally make to antigens of malignant cells? - Metastasis - Tumor angiogenesis - Immunologic escape - Immunologic surveillance

- Immunologic surveillance

A patient diagnosed with heart failure experiences fatigue. Which factor causes the fatigue? - Increased cardiac output - Increased hemoglobin level - Impaired perfusion to vital organs - Increased oxygenation of the tissues

- Impaired perfusion to vital organs

For the patient reporting difficulty with eye and eyelid movement, chewing, swallowing, speaking and breathing, which diagnostic findings would the nurse associate with myasthenia gravis? SATA: - Alteration of one copy of gene in DNA testing - Improved muscle contractibility during the Tensilon test - Presence of TRAP: tremor, rigidity, akinesia, and postural instability - Decreased response to repeated stimulation of hand muscles during EMG test - Increased immunoglobulin G levels in the CSF during CSF analysis test

- Improved muscle contractibility during the Tensilon test - Decreased response to repeated stimulation of hand muscles during EMG test

A patient is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes that which coping strategies used by the patient indicate problem-focused coping? SATA: - Including exercise in the daily routine - searching for information about diabetes - scheduling an appointment for a massage - enrolling for a diabetes education program - expressing concerns about diabetes with friends

- Including exercise in the daily routine - searching for information about diabetes - enrolling for a diabetes education program

Which therapeutic outcome would the nurse expect for a patient with hemophilia A prescribed desmopressin acetate? - Increase in factor VIII - Increase platelet count - Increase in hemoglobin - Increase in neutrophil count

- Increase in factor VIII

The nurse concludes that a patient has von Willebrand disease based on a decreased von Willebrand coagulation factor and which other laboratory parameters? SATA: - Decreased factor IX - Increased bleeding time - Increased thrombin time - Decreased platelet count - Increased partial thromboplastin time

- Increased bleeding time - Increased partial thromboplastin time

The nurse recalls that hemolytic anemia can be caused by which extrinsic factors? - Infectious agent - Enzyme deficiency - Sickle cell disease - Membrane abnormalities

- Infectious agent

A healthy 70 year old patient asks the nurse, "which types of vaccinations are recommended for people my age?" Which vaccinations should the nurse suggest? SATA - Influenza - Pneumonia - Memingococcal - Hib -MMR

- Influenza - Pneumonia

A patient with a 10 year history of regular (3 beers/week) alcohol consumption began taking rifampin to treat TB. During a follow-up visit one week after starting the med, the patient tells the nurse, "In the last week, my urine turned orange, and I am very worried about it." How does the nurse respond? - Inform that patient that it is one of the SE of the med - Recognize that the TB may have spread to the liver; further medical consultation is required - recognize that the liver may be damaged from alcohol consumption; a liver function test should be performed - instruct the patient to stop taking the med immediately and consult the HCP

- Inform that patient that it is one of the SE of the med

Which auditory system change does the nurse suspect in a patient who has alterations in balance and body orientation? - Brain - Inner ear - Middle ear - External Ear

- Inner ear

Which condition may cause a patient to develop anemia due to decreased hemoglobin synthesis? - Leukemia - Iron deficiency - Cobalamin deficiency - G6PD enzyme deficiency

- Iron deficiency

What behavior does the nurse assessing a patient with hearing loss expect to encounter? - Aggressiveness - Constant repetition - Answering questions appropriately - Irritability with others not speaking up

- Irritability with others not speaking up

A patient's initial purified protein derivative skin test result is positive. A repeat skin test is also positive. No S/S of TB or allergies are evident. Which med therapy does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed? - Penicillin - Isoniazid - Theophylline - INH plus an antibiotic

- Isoniazid

Which tumor feature is known if a patient has been diagnosed with stage II cervical cancer? - It is in situ - It has metastasized - It has spread locally - It has spread extensively

- It has spread locally

Which information would the nurse include when teaching a patient about a pap test? SATA: - It is a microscopic study of exfoliated cells - A vaginal specimen is cultured - There is a direct microscopic study - Cells are obtained directly from endocervix and ectocervix - Avoid douching for 24 hours after examination

- It is a microscopic study of exfoliated cells - Cells are obtained directly from endocervix and ectocervix

The nurse provides education about thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura to a group of nursing students and would include which information? - It is caused by H. Pylori infection - It is not considered as a medical emergency - It is associated with hemolytic- uremic syndrome - It is associated with decreased platelet aggregation.

- It is associated with hemolytic- uremic syndrome

The result of a patient's recent endoscopy indicate the presence of PUD. Which teaching point should the nurse provide to the patient based on this new diagnosis? - "You'll need to drink at least 2-3 glasses of milk daily" - It would likely be beneficial for you to eliminate drinking alcohol." - Many people find a minced or pureed diet eases their symptoms of PUD." - Your medications should allow you to maintain your present diet while minimizing symptoms."

- It would likely be beneficial for you to eliminate drinking alcohol."

A patient informs the nurse that allergy symptoms are occurring in the eyes. What symptoms should the nurse ask the patient about when assessing for allergic conjunctivitis? - Itching - Photophobia - Protruding eyeball - Purulent discharge

- Itching

A patient is experiencing osteoarthritis. Which finding on the x-ray report of a patient experiencing osteoarthritis indicates that the patient is developing a permanent limitation of motion? - Joint space narrowing - Dislocation of the joint - Increased synovial fluid - A thickened synovial membrane

- Joint space narrowing

A patient has a hemoglobin level of 11 g/dL. The nurse determines that the patient has which level of severity of anemia. - Mild anemia - Severe anemia - Aplastic anemia - Moderate anemia

- Mild anemia

A nurse is reviewing subjective and objective data from the examination of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Which assessment findings indicate rheumatoid arthritis? SATA: - Joint stiffness - Dry, itchy eyes - Rheumatoid nodules - High WBC count - Mouth infection and dental caries

- Joint stiffness - Rheumatoid nodules - High WBC count

Which cancers would the nurse discuss with the patient inquiring about the opportunistic carcinomas included in the diagnostic criteria for AIDS? Select all that apply: - Melanoma - Kaposi sarcoma - Burkett's lymphoma - Hodgkin's lymphoma - Invasive cervical cancer

- Kaposi sarcoma - Burkett's lymphoma - Invasive cervical cancer

A patient is admitted for a fractured hip. A nurse is reviewing the medical history with the patient on admission. Which condition does the nurse tell the patient place this patient at risk for osteoporosis? SATA: - Depression - Breast cancer - Kidney disease - Hyperthyroidism - Diabetes mellitus - Rheumatoid arthritis

- Kidney disease - Hyperthyroidism - Diabetes mellitus - Rheumatoid arthritis

A nurse is caring for a patient with pleural effusion who has S3 and S4 heart sounds, crackles, and an increased heart rate. Which condition is likely affecting the patient? - Cor Pulmonale - Pulmonary embolism - Left sided heart failure - Right sided heart failure

- Left sided heart failure

A patient reports an inability to see near objects. The nurse recalls that which physiologic condition is responsible for this disorder? - Cornea having irregular curvature - Light rays focusing behind the retina - Incoming light rays bending unequally - Light rays focusing in front of the retina

- Light rays focusing behind the retina

The nurse is educating a patient about cancer prevention and early detection. Which instructions would the nurse include? SATA: - Limit alcohol consumption - Stop or reduce cigarette smoking - Get regular physical exams - Know the seven warning signs of cancer - Exercise for 20 minutes three times a week

- Limit alcohol consumption - Stop or reduce cigarette smoking - Get regular physical exams - Know the seven warning signs of cancer

The nurse anticipates that which procedure will be prescribed as a therapeutic medical intervention for renal calculi? - Lithotripsy - Myelogram - Renal sonogram - Intravenous pyelogram

- Lithotripsy

Which cancer diagnosis has the highest mortality rate for a female? - Lung cancer - Breast cancer - Uterine cancer - Pancreatic cancer

- Lung cancer

The nurse understands that with repeated episodes of sickling, which organ is most affected? - Liver - Heart - Lungs - Stomach

- Lungs

Which diagnostic test would the nurse anticipate for a patient with progressive weakness suspected of having MS? - PET scan - CBC - EEG - MRI

- MRI

A patient with CAD is being seen in an outpatient health care setting for a routine examination. The patient states, "over the past few months, I have needed increased amounts of insulin to control my Type 1 DM." Which goal would the nurse include in the care plan, aimed at preventing the progression of CAD? - Maintain a Hb A1C level of less than 7% - Maintain a BMI of 31 and 35 kg/m - Maintain a fasting triglyceride level of less than 175 mg/dL - maintain a serum cholesterol level of less than 250 mg/dL

- Maintain a Hb A1C level of less than 7%

A patient and family are upset that the patient may have cancer. Which nursing actions would the nurse use to facilitate their coping during the diagnostic phase? SATA: - Maintain hope - Exhibit a caring attitude - Plan realistic long-term goal - Be available to listen to fears and concerns - Teach about each type of cancer that could be diagnosed

- Maintain hope - Exhibit a caring attitude - Be available to listen to fears and concerns

A patient that has sickle cell disease has developed cellulitis above the left ankle. Which action is the nurse's priority for this patient? - Maintain oxygen - Administer antibiotics - Assess pain every 4 hours - Strat IV fluids

- Maintain oxygen

On which interventions would the nurse focus for a patient who is diagnosed with early-stage cervical cancer? SATA: - Maintain the patient's hope - Explain the upcoming radiation therapy in detail - Listen actively to the patient's fears and concerns - Assist the patient in maintaining usual lifestyle patterns - Discuss replacement child care for the patient's children

- Maintain the patient's hope - Listen actively to the patient's fears and concerns - Assist the patient in maintaining usual lifestyle patterns

Which goal is a primary goal for a patient who has chronic heart failure? - Maximizing cardiac output - Maintaining ideal body weight - Performing daily aerobic exercises - Maintaining a steady pulse oximetry reading

- Maximizing cardiac output

Which task may the nurse delegate to UAP? - Discharge a patient - Measuring urine output - Administering oral meds - performing an initial assessment

- Measuring urine output

Repetitive physical activity that results in osteoarthritis is an example of what? - Trauma - Joint instability - Mechanical stress - Neurologic disorder

- Mechanical stress

A patient who is a strict vegan avoids taking any vitamin and mineral supplements. The nurse recognizes that the patient is predisposed to which condition? - Sepsis - Dementia - Depression - Megaloblastic anemia

- Megaloblastic anemia

Which disease condition is found more in fair-skinned patients that in patients with more pigmentation in their skin? - Keloids - Melanoma - Nevus of ota - Traction alopecia

- Melanoma

The nurse is caring for a patient with IBS. To maintain remission, the nurse expects that the patient will receive a prescription for what medication? - Prednisone - Mesalamine - Azathioprine - Methotrexate

- Mesalamine

Which medication for PUD causes hallucinations? - Nizatidine - Sucralfate - Omeprazole - Metoclopramide

- Metoclopramide

For the patient voicing complaints of pain on the left side of the head, nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity, which potential condition would the nurse associate with the prescriber's treatment of corticosteroids? - Migraine - MS - cluster headache - Parkinson's disease

- Migraine

A patient reports episodic chest pain lasting a few minutes that is provoked by exertion and relieved within 10 minutes upon resting. Which cause of the patient's symptoms would the nurse suspect? - spasm of major coronary artery - Exposure of the thrombogenic surface - Myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease - Myocardial ischemia secondary to microvascular disease

- Myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease

Which conditions are primary causes of heart failure? SATA: - Anemia - Myocarditis - Paget's disease - Pulmonary embolism - Coronary artery disease

- Myocarditis - Coronary artery disease

Which refractive error describes the vision of a patient for whom nearby objects are clear but objects at a distance are blurred? - Myopia - Hyperopia - Presbyopia - Astigmatism

- Myopia

The nurse identifies that a patient is at risk for upper GI bleeding based on the patient's history of taking medications in what drug class? - Antacids - Anticholinergics - Tricyclic antidepressants - NSAIDs

- NSAIDs

Which factors lead to a higher risk of accidents or injuries in older adults? SATA: - Decreased weight - Neurologic Impairment - Decreased visual acuity - Increased muscle strength - Changes in gait and balance

- Neurologic Impairment - Decreased visual acuity - Changes in gait and balance

Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning about cardiovascular diseases? - Nicotine stimulates catecholamine release - Isometric exercise provides relief from angina - Manifestations of angina often occur in the late evenings - Decreased heart rate increases myocardial oxygen demand

- Nicotine stimulates catecholamine release

A nurse assesses a male patient who reports numerous urinary symptoms. Which early signs of BPH does the nurse recognize? SATA: - Nocturia - Urinary frequency - ED - Overflow incontinence - reduced force of urinary stream - difficulty in starting the flow of urine

- Nocturia - Urinary frequency - reduced force of urinary stream - difficulty in starting the flow of urine

A patient has neutropenia and a body temperature of 100.4 degrees F. Which action would the nurse take? - Initiate parenteral fluids - Give aspirin to the patient - Administer pamidronate to the patient - Notify the health care provider

- Notify the health care provider

Which symptoms would the nurse expect to find in a patient with vitamin B12 deficiency? - Lack of physical strength or energy - Pain in the pelvis, ribs, spine and sternum - Abnormal sensitivity to touch or pressure on the sternum - Numbness sensation, impaired muscle movement and extreme sensitivity in nerves

- Numbness sensation, impaired muscle movement and extreme sensitivity in nerves

The nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine to a patient newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The patient's resting heart rate is 100. Which initial action should the nurse take? - Administer the med - Notify the HCP - Obtain a BP measurement - Administer all other scheduled meds except levothyroxine

- Obtain a BP measurement

The school nurse will include which teaching to high school students to prevent transmission of influenza? SATA: - Obtain an influenza vaccine - stay at home when symptomatic drink non caffeinated fluids daily - obtain antibiotic therapy promptly - cover the nose and mouth when coughing

- Obtain an influenza vaccine - stay at home when symptomatic - cover the nose and mouth when coughing

Which mode of treatment would be included in the hospice plan of care for the patient in the terminal stage of breast cancer? - Opioids - Mastectomy - Chemotherapy - Radiation therapy

- Opioids

Which assessment finding in a patient with severe neutropenia requires immediate action by the nurse? - Patient reports fatigue - BP is 106/72 mmHg - Patient reports nausea and anorexia - Oral temperature is 100.5 F

- Oral temperature is 100.5 F

A patient is diagnosed with left-sided heart failure. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect? - Orthopnea - Low BP - Pulsating neck veins - Edema in the lower extremities

- Orthopnea

The nurse is caring for a patient with severe anemia. The nurse expects which compensatory respiratory changes? SATA: - Orthopnea - Tachypnea - Dyspnea at rest - Dyspnea on exertion - Impaired thought process

- Orthopnea - Tachypnea - Dyspnea at rest

Identify a causative factor associated with a sensorineural hearing loss. - Otosclerosis - Impacted cerumen - Perforation of the tympanic membrane - Ototoxicity from chemotherapeutic medications

- Ototoxicity from chemotherapeutic medications

A patient reports leg pain that awakens the patient at night. The patient reports that the same pain develops in the legs when they are elevated and disappears when the legs are dangled. Which condition would the nurse suspect? - PAD - Lymphatic obstruction - Chronic venous insufficiency - musculoskeletal abnormalities

- PAD

A patient with factor VIII deficiency experiences joint bleeding. Which interventions would be included in the patient's plan of care? - Administer Aspirin - Pack the joint in ice - Provide analgesics such as acetaminophen - Encourage the patient to perform weight- bearing activity to increase muscle strength. - Encourage the patient to perform range of motion exercises when bleeding is stopped.

- Pack the joint in ice - Provide analgesics such as acetaminophen - Encourage the patient to perform range of motion exercises when bleeding is stopped.

Which self- care strategies would the nurse include when preparing to discharge a patient with hemophilia who developed bleeding in a knee joint? SATA: - Packing a joint with ice - Resting during an acute episode - Taking high dose aspirin to reduce pain - Avoiding weight bearing until swelling subsides - Avoiding mobilization until the muscle regains strength

- Packing a joint with ice - Resting during an acute episode - Avoiding weight bearing until swelling subsides

Which assessment finding would the nurse associate with severe anemia? - Pallor - Diarrhea - Palpitations - Exertional dyspnea

- Pallor

A patient with peptic ulcer disease has a history of bloody stools, a hemoglobin level of 10g/dL, and a total iron level of 40 mcg/dL. The nurse would assess for which clinical manifestations? SATA: - Pallor - Cheilitis - Jaundice - Paresthesias - Hepatomegaly

- Pallor - Cheilitis - Paresthesias

Upon review of four assigned patients' diagnostic and medication reports, which patient's HCP would the nurse contact for clarification immediately? - Patient A with a migraine headache prescribed Naratriptan - Patient B with a cluster headache prescribed Zolmitriptan - Patient C with a tension-type headache on Sumatriptan/Naproxen - Patient D with a migraine headache prescribed acetaminophen, caffeine and aspirin

- Patient C with a tension-type headache on Sumatriptan/Naproxen

Which patient is at the highest risk of developing CAD? - Patient A: 43 year old nonsmoking black female - Patient B: 26 year old Hispanic male who smokes one pack/ day - Patient C: 64 year old Caucasian male with a BP of 119/78 mmHg - Patient D: 56 year old female with a cholesterol level of 300 mg/dL

- Patient D: 56 year old female with a cholesterol level of 300 mg/dL

Which patient is most likely to experience hemophilia? - Patient A: Bleeding time is 7 minutes - Patient B: Prothrombin time is 20 seconds - Patient C: thrombin time is 25 seconds - Patient D: Partial thromboplastin time is 50 seconds

- Patient D: Partial thromboplastin time is 50 seconds

Which symptom is present in right sided heart failure but not in left sided heart failure? - Fatigue - Anxiety - Depression - Pedal edema

- Pedal edema

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with PUD. On assessment, the nurse identifies spillage of gastric contents into the duodenal cavity. Which complication supports the finding? - Perforation - Hemorrhage - Dumping syndrome - Gastric outlet obstruction

- Perforation

Which assessment findings would the nurse expect when assessing a patient with right-sided heart failure? SATA: - Peripheral cyanosis - Splinter hemorrhages - Pericardial friction rub - Jugular vein distention - Pitting edema of the lower extremities

- Peripheral cyanosis - Jugular vein distention - Pitting edema of the lower extremities

Which complication would the nurse suspect due to a patient's loss of intrinsic factor after gastrectomy? - Bile reflux gastritis - Pernicious anemia - Dumping syndrome - Postprandial hypoglycemia

- Pernicious anemia

Which is the most common symptom of lung cancer? - Fatigue - Anorexia - Hoarseness - Persistent cough

- Persistent cough

For the patient receiving emergency treatment for continuous muscle contractions and loss of consciousness secondary to head trauma, which meds would the nurse anticipate administering? SATA: - Phenytoin - Zonisamide - Clonazepam - Ethosuximide - Carbamazepine

- Phenytoin - Carbamazepine

When evaluating the presence of an initial symptom of Parkinson's disease, which clinical manifestation would the nurse evaluate? - Akinesia - Aspiration - Forgetfulness - Pill- rolling tremors

- Pill- rolling tremors

A patient diagnosed with DM is suspected of having insulin resistance. The nurse identifies that which medication would be most beneficial for the patient? - Glipizide - Acarbose - Pioglitazone - Repanglinide

- Pioglitazone

What will be the drug of choice for a patient who has insulin resistance? - Acarbose - Glimepiride - Nateglinide - Pioglitazone

- Pioglitazone

Which instructions would the nurse provide to a patient who takes short-acting nitroglycerin? SATA: - Place the nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue - Change your position slowly after taking the medicine - Store nitroglycerin tablets in a warm and bright environment - Replace nitroglycerin tablets annually once the bottle is opened - Discard nitroglycerin tablets if they do not cause a tingling sensation

- Place the nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue - Change your position slowly after taking the medicine - Discard nitroglycerin tablets if they do not cause a tingling sensation

Which strategy is most important for a nurse to include when planning care for a patient who has neutropenia? - Restricting all visitors - Placing the patient in a private room - Advising the patient to use only an electric shaver - Wearing a gown and gloves when in direct contact with the patient

- Placing the patient in a private room

Which laboratory values would the nurse monitor for signs of drug- related myelosuppression? SATA: - Platelets - Basophils - Neutrophils - Eosinophils - Red Blood Cells

- Platelets - Neutrophils - Red Blood Cells

A patient with lung cancer develops paraneoplastic syndrome. The nurse reviews the patient's medical record and identifies which example of the syndrome? - Cor pulmonale - Polycythemia - Raynaud's phenomenon - Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

- Polycythemia

The nurse reviews the lab results of a patient with heart failure who has a prescription of digoxin. The nurse would decide to withhold the medication based on abnormal findings of which blood study? - Potassium - Thyroid function tests - WBCs - Blood Urea Nitrogen

- Potassium

A patient with lung cancer develops headaches, facial edema, periorbital edema, and distention of the veins in the head, neck and chest. Which items will the nurse expect to be included in the patient's collaborative treatment plan? SATA: - Prepare the patient for radiation therapy - Administer a narcotic and reassure the patient - Administer a diuretic agent and reassure the patient - Inform the patient that chemotherapy may be required - Inform the patient that the symptoms are due to obstruction of a bronchus

- Prepare the patient for radiation therapy - Inform the patient that chemotherapy may be required

Which auditory disorders are related to the inner ear? - Presbycusis - Cholesteatoma - Serous otitis - Otosclerosis

- Presbycusis

The nurse recognizes that there is an increased number of patients that require inpatient care due to an antibiotic-resistant infection. Which actions by HCPs may have contributed to this problem? Select all that apply: - Prescribing antibiotics for viral infections - performing cultures prior to initiating antibiotic therapy - prescribing inadequate drug regimens to treat infections - prescribing antibiotics based on need rather than on patient insistence - prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics when only first-line antibiotics are needed

- Prescribing antibiotics for viral infections - prescribing inadequate drug regimens to treat infections - prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics when only first-line antibiotics are needed

Which information would the nurse provide the patient with HIV who asks about factors determining progression to AIDS? Select all that apply: - Progression of HIV can be assessed by your viral load - Your CD4 T cell count is one of several factors identified - changes in your RBC count identifies progression - Your IgM antibody levels identify progression of HIV to AIDS

- Progression of HIV can be assessed by your viral load - Your CD4 T cell count is one of several factors identified

Which stage in the development of cancer is characterized by the reversible proliferation of the altered cells? - Initiation - Promotion - Metastasis - Progression

- Promotion

The nurse is developing a program for the type of cancer with the highest incidence among males. On which type of cancer will the nurse focus the program? - Lung cancer - Colon cancer - Thyroid cancer - Prostate cancer

- Prostate cancer

Regarding the patient with Parkinson's Disease who recently entered a long- term care facility, which action would the healthcare team implement to promote adequate nutrition for this patient? - Provide multivitamins with each meal - Provide a diet low in complex carbohydrates and high in protein - Provide small, frequent meals throughout the day that are easy to chew and swallow - Provide the patient with minced or pureed diet, high in potassium and low in sodium

- Provide small, frequent meals throughout the day that are easy to chew and swallow

For the patient with Parkinson's disease who has difficulty swallowing, which intervention would the nurse initially include in the patient's plan of care? - Arrange for someone to feed the patient - Provide the patient with semisolid or soft foods - Encourage the patient to drink fluids with meals - Place food into the unaffected side of the patient's mouth

- Provide the patient with semisolid or soft foods

The nurse is caring for a patient with gout. Which actions are appropriate for the nurse to perform? SATA: - Encourage weight gain - Provide warm compresses - Decrease joint mobilization - Encourage increased oral water intake - Encourage intake of spinach, mushrooms and cauliflower

- Provide warm compresses - Decrease joint mobilization - Encourage increased oral water intake

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient following bariatric surgery. Which strategies reduce the risk for VTE? SATA: - Providing compression stockings - Administering low dose heparin - Administering aspirin meds - encouraging range of motion exercises - instructing in coughing and deep breathing techniques

- Providing compression stockings - Administering low dose heparin - encouraging range of motion exercises

Which abnormal finding would the nurse related to hemostasis abnormalities? - Pruritus - Purpura - Weakness - Pale conjunctiva

- Purpura

When a patient with a 40 year history of cigarette smoking is diagnosed with lung cancer and tells the nurse, "Lots of people who smoke are healthy, so I don't think that I need to quit," which defense mechanism is being used? - Denial - Regression - Use of humor - Rationalization

- Rationalization

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with numbness, tingling, and blue discoloration in the toes and fingers? - psoriatic arthritis - reactive arthritis - Raynaud's phenomenon - subcutaneous cutaneous lupus

- Raynaud's phenomenon

The nurse assesses a patient with pernicious anemia and expects to find which classic sign of this condition? - Diarrhea - Indigestion - Flushed skin - Red, beefy tongue

- Red, beefy tongue

Which advice regarding modifiable risk factors would the nurse give yo a patient who has a BP of 150/100 mm Hg? SATA: - Increase total fat intake - Reduce salt in your diet - Increase daily physical activity - Ingest smaller and more frequent meals - Reduce dietary complex carbs and fiber

- Reduce salt in your diet - Increase daily physical activity

The nurse provides health promotion teaching to a patient recently diagnosed with CAD. Which information would the nurse include? SATA: - Reduce total fat intake - Decrease the amount of fiber in the diet - Increase complex carbohydrates in the diet - Perform isometric exercises at least 10 minutes daily - Perform moderate physical activity at least 30 minutes 5 days a week

- Reduce total fat intake - Increase complex carbohydrates in the diet - Perform moderate physical activity at least 30 minutes 5 days a week

Which patient care goals are appropriate for a patient with COPD? SATA: - Relief of symptoms - improved quality of life - healing of damaged lung tissue - prevention of disease progression - ability to perform ADLs

- Relief of symptoms - improved quality of life - prevention of disease progression - ability to perform ADLs

What are the postrenal causes of acute kidney injury? SATA: - Renal calculi - Renal trauma - Prostate cancer - Kidney ischemia - Myoglobin release

- Renal calculi - Renal trauma - Prostate cancer

Which intervention would the nurse anticipate incorporating into the plan of care for a patient with hemophilia that experiences bleeding in a knee joint? - Immediate transfusion of platelets - Resting the patient's knee to prevent hemarthrosis - Assistance with intracapsular injection of corticosteroids - Range of motion exercises to prevent thrombus formation

- Resting the patient's knee to prevent hemarthrosis

When planning the care for a patient with MS who has an exacerbation of sensory deficits, for which patient problem would the nurse develop nursing interventions? - Risk for injury - acute confusion - FVD - ineffective thermoregulation

- Risk for injury

When interviewing a patient with hearing loss about past and present medications, which medications should the nurse ask the patient about directly? SATA: - Salicylates - Herbal drugs - Aminoglycosides - Antimalarial drugs - Vitamin supplements

- Salicylates - Aminoglycosides - Antimalarial drugs

A patient states, "I had cancer in the cartilage of my leg." Which term would the nurse expect to find in the patient's health record? - Sarcoma - Osteoma - Adenoma - Myeloma

- Sarcoma

A relapsing- remitting initial course followed by the disease with or without relapses are characteristics of which type of MS? - Relapse-remitting - Primary- progressive - Progressive- relapsing - Secondary- progressive

- Secondary- progressive

Which teaching will the nurse provide for a patient with SLE who presents to the ER after a grand mal seizure? - Seizures are caused by epilepsy; this is not related to SLE - Seizures are a common occurrence in SLE; this is nothing to worry about - Seizures are a common occurrence in SLE but can ideally be managed with oral meds - Seizures are extremely rare in patients with SLE; the patient will need a further workup to determine the cause of the seizure

- Seizures are a common occurrence in SLE but can ideally be managed with oral meds

The nurse recalls that presbycusis is hearing loss primarily caused by what? - Traumatic injury - Congenital defect - Conductive defect - Sensorineural loss

- Sensorineural loss

The nurse is educating a student nurse about the seven warning signs of cancer. Which warning sign stated by the student nurse indicates a need for further clarification? - Indigestion - Severe headache - Unusual bleeding - Difficulty in swallowing

- Severe headache

Which condition is characterized by the presence of a high percentage of hemoglobin S in the erythrocytes? - Thalassemia - Aplastic anemia - Sickle cell disease - Acquired hemolytic anemia

- Sickle cell disease

The nurse is reinforcing health teaching about osteoporosis with a patient admitted to the hospital. Which risk factors for osteoporosis should the nurse include in the discussion? SATA: - Obesity - Smoking - Asian descent - Hyperlipidemia - Sedentary lifestyle

- Smoking - Asian descent - Sedentary lifestyle

Which finding supports the nurse's conclusion that a patient has pernicious anemia? - Bleeding of the gums - Smooth, beefy-red tongue - Spoon- shaped concave nails - Fissures in corners of the mouth

- Smooth, beefy-red tongue

A patient has been diagnosed with increased joint inflammation that spreads across cartilage into joint cavity. Which stage of rheumatoid arthritis does the nurse determine the patient has? - Stage I - Stage II - Stage III - Stage IV

- Stage II

Which stage of rheumatoid arthritis does the nurse determine a patient is in who has extensive muscle atrophy and joint deformity? - Stage I - Stage II - Stage III - Stage IV

- Stage III

For the patient taken to the hospital after a seizure, which characteristic pattern reported by the patient's caregiver would the nurse associate with those of a tonic- clonic seizure? - Stiffening of the body for 20 seconds, followed by jerking of the extremities for 40 seconds - jerking of the extremities for 20 seconds, followed by stiffening of the body for 40 seconds - stiffening of the body for 30 seconds, followed by jerking of the extremities for 10 seconds - jerking of the extremities for 20 seconds, followed by stiffening of the body for 10 seconds

- Stiffening of the body for 20 seconds, followed by jerking of the extremities for 40 seconds

The nurse reviews the medical record for an older patient and notes food intolerance and signs of anemia. The nurse identifies that the age-related changes are associated with which part of the GI system? - Liver - Stomach - Esophagus - Small intestine

- Stomach

Which interventions are appropriate to include in the plan of care for a patient who has developed neutropenia? SATA: - Strict hand washing - Daily nasal swabs for culture - Monitoring temperature every hour - Daily skin care and oral hygiene - Encouraging eating all foods to increase nutrients - Private room with a HEPA filter

- Strict hand washing - Daily skin care and oral hygiene - Private room with a HEPA filter

When a patient with lung cancer experiences edema of the neck and face, which complication does the nurse suspect? - Pleural effusion - Cardiac tamponade - Paraneoplastic syndrome - Superior vena cava syndrome

- Superior vena cava syndrome

A nurse mentor provides teaching to a group of nursing students about the cardiac manifestations of severe anemia. Which compensatory cardiac changes would the nurse include? SATA: - Tachycardia - Heart Failure - Diastolic murmurs - Intermittent claudication - Decreased pulse pressure

- Tachycardia - Heart Failure - Intermittent claudication

Which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient newly diagnosed with microcytic hypochromic anemia? - Take enteric-coated iron with each meal - Take cobalamin with green, leafy vegetables - Take the iron with orange juice one hour before meals - Decrease the intake of the antiseizure medications to improce

- Take the iron with orange juice one hour before meals

A patient is in the promotion stage of cancer development. What action can the nurse take to facilitate cancer prevention? - Tell the patient to exercise daily - Teach the patient about factors to avoid - Tell the patient to have the cancer surgically removed now - Teach the patient which vitamins will improve the immune system

- Teach the patient about factors to avoid

A patient reports incontinence, nocturia, urgency and intermittency and is also found to have excessive accumulation of dihydroxytestosterone in the prostate cells. What meds does the nurse educate the patient about for treatment of this condition? SATA: - Terazosin - Vardenafil - Finasteride - Papaverine - Phentolamine

- Terazosin - Finasteride

Which explanation would the nurse provide the patient who asked why he or she is on 100% oxygen for cluster headaches? - The oxygen assists in increasing the release of glutamate in your brain - The administration of 100% oxygen increases your synthesis of serotonin - Acetylcholine secretion decreases with higher oxygenation saturation levels - Your dopamine levels are high, and the oxygen decreases dopamine secretion

- The administration of 100% oxygen increases your synthesis of serotonin

A patient, admitted with Type 1 diabetes, asks the nurse what "type 1" means. What is the nurse's best response? - There is decreased insulin secretion, cellular resistance to insulin that is produced, or both. - An increased amount of adipose tissue has led to an insufficient amount of insulin being produced. - The body produce autoantibodies that destroy beta cells in the pancreas - The insulin being made is not used by the tissues properly, leading to high blood sugar

- The body produces autoantibodies that destroy beta cells in the pancreas

When providing nutritional counseling for patient at risk for CAD, which dietary selections should the nurse encourage to include in their meal planning? SATA: - Tofu - Walnuts - Flaxseed - Whole milk - Orange Juice

- Tofu - Walnuts - Flaxseed

The nurse is assessing a female patient with hemophilia. Which inference is correct about the patient's family? - The father has hemophilia, and the mother is a carrier of hemophilia. - The father has hemophilia and the mother is unaffected my hemophilia - The father is unaffected by hemophilia and the mother has hemophilia - The father is unaffected by hemophilia and the mother is a carrier of hemophilia

- The father has hemophilia, and the mother is a carrier of hemophilia.`

When interpreting laboratory diagnostics, which statement would the nurse identify as pathophysiology for HIV? - The HIV infection can replicate outside a living cell - the virus replicates going from DNA to RNA - The immune system is impaired from CD4 T cell destruction - Infection of monocytes occur but antibodies quickly destroy these cells

- The immune system is impaired from CD4 T cell destruction

Which statement explains the primary protective role of the immune system related to malignant cells? - Immune cells bind with free antigen released by malignant cells - Immune cells produce blocking factors that immobilize cancer cells - The immune system produces antibodies that attack the cancer cells - The immune system provides surveillance for tumor-associated antigens

- The immune system provides surveillance for tumor-associated antigens

The nurse is educating a group of adolescent girls about cervical cancer. Which information does the nurse include in the discussion? SATA: - The incidence rate is highest among Hispanic women - A risk factor is smoking - Taking oral contraceptives lowers the risk of cervical cancer - Having regular pap tests is important to screen for cervical cancer - The CDC recommends that all children, males and females, receive the HPV vaccine at age 11 to 12

- The incidence rate is highest among Hispanic women - A risk factor is smoking - Having regular pap tests is important to screen for cervical cancer - The CDC recommends that all children, males and females, receive the HPV vaccine at age 11 to 12

A patient with Type 2 DM takes oral hypoglycemias and is admitted to the hospital with a UTI. The patient asks why insulin injections have been prescribed. What explanation should the nurse provide? - Insulin acts synergistically with the antibiotic that was prescribed - Insulin should have been prescribed for the patient to take at home - Oral hypoglycemic meds are contraindicated in patients with UTIs - The infection increases the glucose level, resulting in a need for more insulin

- The infection increases the glucose level, resulting in a need for more insulin

Which purpose statements would the nurse use to fully explain antiretroviral therapy recently prescribed for a patient with HIV? Select All that Apply: - ART is designed to cure HIV - ART will decrease the viral load in the blood - The goal is to stop the HIV disease from progressing - The meds prevent transmission of the HIV disease - Prescribed meds maintain or increase the CD4 cell counts - Therapy includes prevention of HIV related opportunistic infections

- The meds prevent transmission of the HIV disease - Prescribed meds maintain or increase the CD4 cell counts - Therapy includes prevention of HIV related opportunistic infections - ART will decrease the viral load in the blood

A patient with gout asks the nurse why a low-purine diet is recommended. What explanation should the nurse provide? - Purine causes the joint pain associated with gout - The metabolism of purine results in the formation of uric acid - Urine retention can result from a high purine level and thus increase the uric acid level - Limiting purine can decrease the incidence of headaches and dizziness that occur with gout

- The metabolism of purine results in the formation of uric acid

The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient who presented to the ER with a report of chest pain. Which assessment data would indicate that the patient has stable angina? - The patient developed chest pain shortly after going to bed - The patient developed chest pain while sitting and reading a book - The pain developed when the patient was jogging and subsided after the patient rested - The pain starts approximately the same time every day without regard to activity level

- The pain developed when the patient was jogging and subsided after the patient rested

A patient is admitted to the hospital with chronic stable angina. Which information would the nurse teach the patient about pain associated with the diagnosis? - The pain typically occurs at rest and usually lasts more than 10 minutes - The pain is triggered by activities of daily living; therefore such as activities will need to be limited - The pain may last for a few minutes and stop when the precipitating factor is resolved - The pain is triggered by smoking; therefore a smoking cessation program will be recommended

- The pain may last for a few minutes and stop when the precipitating factor is resolved

Which patient complaint would the nurse indicate that the individual may be experiencing clinical manifestations of a cluster headache? - This pain is followed by severe nausea - The pain lasts for longer than 8 hours - You don't understand, the pain is constant - The pain wakes me up and disturbs my sleep at night

- The pain wakes me up and disturbs my sleep at night

While reviewing the lab reports of a patient with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, the nurse concludes that the patient has high risk for macrovascular complications. Which finding supports the nurse's conclusion? - The patient has triglycerides of 137 mg/dL - The patient has blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg - The patient has HDL of 45 mg/dL - The patient has LDL of 120 mg/dL

- The patient has LDL of 120 mg/dL

The nurse notes that a patient has a smooth and shiny tongue surface. The nurse would attribute these findings to which condition? - The patient has neutropenia - The patient has polycythemia - The patient has pernicious anemia - The patient has elevated estrogen levels

- The patient has pernicious anemia

A 40 year old patient tells a nurse, "I have noticed over the last three months that I have blurred vision of near objects." The ophthalmic consultation report shows that the patient has increased rigidity of the lens. What should the nurse interpret from the finding? - The patient has myopia - The patient has hyperopia - The patient has presbyopia - The patient has astigmatism

- The patient has presbyopia

Which term would the nurse use to document a patient who suddenly lost consciousness, stiffened for about 15 seconds and then developed a jerking motion of the extremities? - Focal seizure - Tonic-clonic seizure - Psychogenic seizure - Typical absence seizure

- Tonic-clonic seizure

A nurse is assessing a patient's hearing ability. Which findings would indicate compromised hearing? SATA: - The patient is lip reading - The patient speaks very loudly - The patient feels dizzy when standing up - The patient asks to have certain words repeated - The patient fails to respond to questions when not looking directly at the nurse

- The patient is lip reading - The patient asks to have certain words repeated - The patient fails to respond to questions when not looking directly at the nurse

A nurse is obtaining a health history from a patient. The nurse suspects that the patient could have hearing loss. What findings may have led the nurse to this suspicion? SATA: - The patient tries to lip read the nurse's words - The patient blinks often and answers questions rapidly - The patient requests that questions be repeated frequently - The patient misses out on words when not looking at the nurse - The patient does not look at the nurse and answers questions while looking down

- The patient tries to lip read the nurse's words - The patient requests that questions be repeated frequently - The patient misses out on words when not looking at the nurse

A patient who is undergoing external beam radiation therapy asks, "Will I be radioactive after the treatment?" Which information will the nurse provide in response? - The patient will not be radioactive at any time - Only the patient's urine and stool will be radioactive - The patent will be radioactive only during the treatment period - Although the patient's blood is radioactive, it will not affect others

- The patient will not be radioactive at any time

The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient with osteoarthritis. What would the nurse plan as an appropriate short-term goal for this patient? - The patient will limit physical activity in the morning - The patient will participate in physical therapy activities - The patient will eliminate the use of narcotic analgesics if diarrhea develops - The patient will limit pain medications to nonnarcotic drugs to prevent addiction

- The patient will participate in physical therapy activities

The patient is being treated with brachytherapy for cervical cancer. Which factor affects the nurse's health when caring for this patient? - The prescribed medications the patient is taking - The nutritional supplements that will help the patient - How much time is needed to provide the patient's care - The time the nurse is with the patient and at what distance

- The time the nurse is with the patient and at what distance

The patient experiences loss of high-pitched sounds but understands speech with good response to sound amplification. Which statement accurately describes the patient's condition? - There is loss of sensory hair cells - There is stiffening of the basilar membrane - There are degenerative changes in the cochlea - There is atrophy of the blood vessels in the wall of the cochlea

- There is loss of sensory hair cells

Which statements best describe glargine? SATA: - There is no pronounced peak action time - It should be administered subcutaneously - It should be administered orally with food and water each morning - It should be diluted or mixed with other insulin or solutions in the same syringe - If it does not achieved glycemic goals, the administrator of a mealtime insulin may be required

- There is no pronounced peak action time - It should be administered subcutaneously - If it does not achieved glycemic goals, the administrator of a mealtime insulin may be required

A patient with a history of HIV is scheduled to receive ART drugs. Which statement by the patient reflects a correct understanding of the purpose of the meds? - ART drugs can cure HIV - These drugs work by decreasing the viral load - ART drugs will prevent opportunistic infections - These drugs work only in the initial replication stage of the virus

- These drugs work by decreasing the viral load

Which explanation would the nurse provide about the skin markings to a patient who is undergoing radiation therapy? - They are permanent effects of radiation therapy - They indicate that previous treatments have been unsuccessful - They are warning of potentially serious side effects of radiation - They should be protected because they are landmarks for the therapy

- They should be protected because they are landmarks for the therapy

Which class of drugs used to treat DM may be referred to as insulins sensitizers? - Sulfonylureas - Thiazolidinediones - alpha-glucosidase inhibitors - DPP-4 inhibitors

- Thiazolidinediones

The nurse is evaluating the outcome of patient teaching regarding aspart insulin. The patient demonstrates an appropriate understanding when stating: - This insulin is used to treat the elevated sugar that occurs after meal intake - I cannot mix this insulin in the same syringe with any other type of insulin - I need to plan my meals well so I can inject in my insulin 30 minutes before I begin to eat - The best thing about this type of insulin is I take it at bedtime and it works for 24 hours

- This insulin is used to treat the elevated sugar that occurs after meal intake

Which statement is true regarding a patient with conductive hearing loss? - This patient hears better in a noisy environment - This patient can hear sound, but not understand speech - This patient speaks very loudly because of an inability to hear his or her own voice - This patient does not benefit from using a hearing aid because it makes speech clearer, not louder

- This patient hears better in a noisy environment

Which complications would the nurse monitor for in a patient who has a platelet count below 100,000/uL? - Leukemia - Leukopenia - Neutropenia - Thrombocytopenia

- Thrombocytopenia

Which is the only definitive means of diagnosing cancer? - Tissue biopsy - Mammography - Liver function studies - CT scan

- Tissue biopsy

The nurse reviews the subjective and objective data of a patient who presents to a health care provider office for a routine physical examination. Considering the findings, the nurse identifies that which additional information is the most important to obtain from the patient? - Ethnicity - Tobacco use - Activity level - Sun exposure

- Tobacco use

A patient is diagnosed with primary HTN. Which factors in the patient's history likely contributed to the development of the HTN? SATA: - Tobacco use - Thyroid disease - DM - Increased sodium intake - Greater than ideal body weight - Underproduction of sodium- retaining hormones

- Tobacco use - DM - Increased sodium intake - Greater than ideal body weight

The nurse is educating a group of women about breast cancer. Which area would the nurse identify as the location where most breast cancers occur? - Nipple area of the breast - Upper medial area of the breast - Lower medial area of the breast - Lower outer quadrant of the breast - Upper outer quadrant of the breast

- Upper outer quadrant of the breast

A nurse caring for a patient with osteoarthritis instructs the patient about the various nonpharmaceutical interventions for the management of pain. Which information should the nurse include in these instructions? SATA: - Use of paraffin baths or hot packs - Immobilization of the affected joint - Use of crutches or walker if required - Regulation of a normal BMI - Strenuous exercise to keep the joints functional

- Use of paraffin baths or hot packs - Use of crutches or walker if required - Regulation of a normal BMI

The nurse is interviewing an elderly patient who has hearing loss. Which strategies would best assist the nurse in communicating with the patient? SATA: - Use simple sentences - overenunciate speech - speak normally and slowly - exaggerate facial expressions - avoid distracting environments - raise the voice to a higher pitch

- Use simple sentences - speak normally and slowly - avoid distracting environments

The nurse identifies that which drug should be used with caution in a patient with renal failure? - Cinacalcet - Paricalcitol - Gemfibrozil - Vancomycin

- Vancomycin

The nurse assesses a patient with an inner ear problem. What is the most significant symptoms for which the nurse should be alert in this patient? - Vertigo - Tinnitus - Headaches - Hearing loss

- Vertigo

The nurse observes a patient ambulating with a stumbling gait. What conditions should the nurse be aware may cause this patient's condition? - Vertigo - Tinnitus - Nystagmus - Presbycusis

- Vertigo

The patient with HIV does not want to take more than one prescribed ART medication at a time. Which explanation would the nurse provide the patient regarding combination ART? - together the medications will cure your HIV - Viral replication will be inhibited through the use of the combinations - the combination meds will decrease your CD4 T cell count - the combination therapy will prevent interaction with your other meds

- Viral replication will be inhibited through the use of the combinations

A frail older adult is admitted to a long-term care facility. A nurse monitors the caloric and fluid intake to prevent malnutrition and dehydration. Which factors increase the risk of dehydration and malnutrition of a frail older adult? SATA: - Ethnicity - Cultural factors - Visual impairment - Hearing impairment - Decline in cognitive status

- Visual impairment - Hearing impairment - Decline in cognitive status

The nurse recognizes that a primary deficiency for a patient who is a strict vegan is a lack of which vitamin? - Vitamin E - Vitamin A - Vitamin K - Vitamin B12

- Vitamin B12

While caring for a patient with IBD, the nurse notes that the patient has malabsorption. What deficiency does the nurse expect to find in the patient? - Zinc deficiency - Iron deficiency - Calcium deficiency - Vitamin D Deficiency

- Vitamin D Deficiency

Which sources of polyunsaturated fat would the nurse include in a teaching plan for a patient with CAD? SATA: - Walnuts - Palm Oil - Egg yolk - Soybeans - Sour cream

- Walnuts - Soybeans

Which instruction would the nurse give the patient regarding care of the skin at the site of external beam radiation therapy? - Expose the area to sunlight twice a week - Apply an ointment to the area to prevent irritation - Use talcum powder on the area to promote comfort - Wash the area with the lukewarm water and lightly pat it dry

- Wash the area with the lukewarm water and lightly pat it dry

A patient with type 2 diabetes wants to stop taking metformin and manage the diabetes with diet and exercise. The patient states that cutting out carbs was featured on television recently as treatment for diabetes and is considering the paleo diet. Which responses by the nurse are most appropriate? SATA: - Weight loss for overweight patients is recommended as a management strategy for type 2 diabetes - you should maintain a healthy balance of nutrients to maintain blood glucose and overall health - There is no ideal number of carbs to consume, so you should individualize your meal plan - Carbs are only found in grain-based products, so any diet that eliminates these foods is best recommended - Patients with diabetes only need to be concerned with their blood sugars, not with their lipid levels or BP goals

- Weight loss for overweight patients is recommended as a management strategy for type 2 diabetes - you should maintain a healthy balance of nutrients to maintain blood glucose and overall health - There is no ideal number of carbs to consume, so you should individualize your meal plan

Which question would the nurse ask the older patient regarding risk factors for CAD? - What is your BMI? - Did you receive a pneumococcal vaccine? -When did you late have a bowel movement? - Did you travel abroad within the last 12 months?

- What is your BMI?

A nurse is assessing an athlete who has come for a routine medical checkup. The patient has a family history of heart disease. The patient asks the nurse, "Can I get heart disease too?" Which response would the nurse provide? - You are physically fir; you will never have heart disease - You could have heart disease, especially if you do not have a healthy lifestyle - You will have heart disease because this disease is prevalent among your family - You and your siblings will not have the disease, but your children may have heart disease

- You could have heart disease, especially if you do not have a healthy lifestyle

When a patient hospitalized with COPD asks the nurse whether oxygen use will be needed at home, which response is best? - long term home oxygen therapy should be used to prevent respiratory failure - oxygen will not be needed until or unless you are in the terminal stages of this disease - long term home oxygen therapy should be used to prevent heart problems related to COPD - You will qualify for supplemental oxygen therapy if your resting oxygen saturation drops to 88%

- You will qualify for supplemental oxygen therapy if your resting oxygen saturation drops to 88%

The nurse reviews the medical record of a patient with IBD and notes hypoalbuminemia. The nurse recognizes that the finding is indicative of what condition? - perforation - inflammation - poor nutrition - toxic megacolon

- poor nutrition

Which patient may have the poorest prognosis? - A 60 year old diagnoses with nodular ulcerative basal cell carcinoma - a 59 year old man who is being treated for stage IV malignant melanoma - A 70 year old woman who has been diagnosed with late squamous cell carcinoma - a 51 year old woman whose biopsy has revealed superficial squamous cell carcinoma

- a 59 year old man who is being treated for stage IV malignant melanoma

The nurse reviews the medical records of several patients. Which patients are at high risk of developing HTN? SATA: - a 65 year old black woman - An older adult man who smokes - A 35 year old man who is obese - A female teenager with a fractured humerus - a 50 year old man whose parent had HTN

- a 65 year old black woman - An older adult man who smokes - A 35 year old man who is obese - a 50 year old man whose parent had HTN

The nurse collaborates with the health care team to arrange for home care for a patient with pulmonary TB. Of the family members who live with the patient, which one is at the greatest risk for contracting the disease? - a 15 year old child who has a history of asthma - a 25 year old daughter who is seven months pregnant - a 50 year old spouse who is 20 pounds overweight - a 75 year old parent who takes prednisone

- a 75 year old parent who takes prednisone

Which of these is a clinical manifestation of early COPD? - dyspnea at rest - a chronic, intermittent cough - the presence of chest breathing - increased number of RBCs

- a chronic, intermittent cough

Which patient may have the highest risk for developing malignant melanoma? - a fair-skinned woman who uses a tanning booth regularly - an African American patient with a family history of cancer - a patient who required phototherapy as an infant for the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia - a hispanic male with a history of psoriasis and eczema who responded poorly to treatment

- a fair-skinned woman who uses a tanning booth regularly

The nurse is providing care for a patient with a 5year history of HIV. Which assessment finding indicates an acute exacerbation of the disease? - a new onset of polycythemia - presence of mononucleosis-like symptoms - a sharp decrease in the patient's CD4 count - a sudden increase in the patient's WBC count

- a sharp decrease in the patient's CD4 count

A nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of DVT. The patient receives a prescription for 30 mg enoxaparin. Which injection site should the nurse use to administer this med safely? - buttock, upper outer quadrant - abdomen, anterior-lateral aspect - back of the arm, 2 inches away from a mole - anterolateral thigh with no scar tissue

- abdomen, anterior-lateral aspect

What is the primary defect factor associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus? - absent or minimal insulin production - alteration of production of adipokines - decreased insulin production over time and insulin resistance - abnormal increase in insulin production by the pancreas over time

- absent or minimal insulin production

Which treatment option would the nurse associate with the patient who was received in the ER in an unconscious state, who has a routine prescription of gabapentin(Neurontin) for a history of epilepsy, and who is experiencing recurring seizures in rapid succession? - administer dextrose - administer normal saline - administer diazepam (Valium) - administer gabapentin

- administer diazepam (Valium)

The nurse is assessing a patient who is having an acute asthma attack. Which nursing intervention would be the priority for this patient? - humidifying the room - administering oral corticosteroids - administering an albuterol bronchodilator - placing the patient in the high-fowler's position

- administering an albuterol bronchodilator

A patient is at risk for developing a DVT after a knee replacement surgery. Which intervention reduces the risk of this complication? - applying heat to the operative site - administering prophylactic anticoagulant drugs - providing intermittent positive pressure ventilation - restricting the range of motion of the unaffected lower extremity

- administering prophylactic anticoagulant drugs

Which patient action when using albuterol and beclomethasone inhalers indicates a need for further teaching? - rinsing the mouth following use of the inhalers - administering the beclomethasone before the albuterol -administering the albuterol before the beclomethasone - administering the beclomethasone on a set schedule to prevent an asthma attack

- administering the beclomethasone before the albuterol

Which nursing activities are appropriate to delegate to the LPN/VN? Select all that apply: - administration of oral meds - assisting a stable patient with ambulation - assessment of a newly admitted patient - reassessing a patient with a BP of 190/104 - dressing change for a patient with an abdominal wound

- administration of oral meds - assisting a stable patient with ambulation - dressing change for a patient with an abdominal wound

A patient is admitted to a health care facility with a respiratory infection suspected to be caused by TB. Which infection precautions does the nurse initiate? - contact precautions - droplet precautions until the presence of TB is confirmed - airborne precautions - standard precautions only, until a diagnosis is made

- airborne precautions

Which inhaler would the nurse be prepared to administer to the patient at the onset of an asthma attack? - albuterol -fluticasone - salmeterol - tiotropium

- albuterol

The patient with Parkinson's disease lost 35 pounds over the last two months, and a swallow study indicates ability to swallow without aspiration. Which intervention would the nurse discuss with the patient and spouse to improve nutritional intake? - Include chewy foods so that the patient builds up the jaw muscles - administer prescribed carbidopa/levodopa with a protein drink - allow adequate time for the patient to eat each of six small meals - encourage the patient to eat at least every 2 hours while awake

- allow adequate time for the patient to eat each of six small meals

A patient with asthma has a body temp of 102 and produces purulent sputum. The nurse anticipates incorporating which med into the plan of care? - a sedative - a mucolytic - an antibiotic - epinephrine

- an antibiotic

A patient presents to the ED with sudden-onset wheezing and coughing with progressive respiratory distress. Which condition would the nurse associate with the manifestations? - acute bronchitis - an asthma attack - pulmonary edema - congestive heart failure

- an asthma attack

Which statement by a patient diagnosed with chronic stable angina indicates understanding of the disease process? - angina is caused by spasms with a coronary blood vessel - anginal pain is caused by an increased demand or a decreased supply of oxygen - angina is causing an irreversible damage to my cardiac muscles by cardiac ischemia - anginal symptoms start when atherosclerosis completely occludes a coronary artery

- anginal pain is caused by an increased demand or a decreased supply of oxygen

While obtaining a health history for a patient with suspected TB, the nurse expects which early S/S of the disease? SATA: - anorexia - fatigue - dizziness - night sweats - chest tightness

- anorexia - fatigue - night sweats

The nurse is teaching a student nurse about treatment for sepsis. Which response by the student indicates a need for further teaching? - We should provide broad spectrum antibiotics - antibiotics should be administered in one hour - blood cultures must be drawn before the administration of antibiotics - antibiotics should be delayed until the causative organism is known

- antibiotics should be delayed until the causative organism is known

Which assessment finding would the nurse expect when caring for a patient with superficial vein thrombosis? - presence of edema with pain - induration of the overlying muscle - appearance of the vein as a palpable cord - tenderness to pressure over the involved vein

- appearance of the vein as a palpable cord

A patient with poor visual acuity is diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration. Which nursing intervention should be the nurse's priority? - teach about visual enhancement techniques - teach nutritional strategies to improve vision - assess coping strategies and support systems - assess impact of vision on normal functioning

- assess impact of vision on normal functioning

For the patient with MS, which action would the nurse classify as a priority intervention when developing the patient's plan of care? - refer the patient for genetic counseling - teach the patient about meds used during acute exacerbations - assist the patient in identifying the factors that precipitate exacerbations - instruct the patient in the proper technique for self-administration of an enema

- assist the patient in identifying the factors that precipitate exacerbations

A patient has lost an eye after an industrial accident. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate during this time? - speak louder when talking to the patient - avoid making eye contact during a conversation - introduce the patient to other visually impaired persons - assist the patient with the same grieving process that is associated with other losses

- assist the patient with the same grieving process that is associated with other losses

drop attacks are a characteristic of which type of seizure? - tonic seizure - clonic seizure - atonic seizure - myoclonic seizure

- atonic seizure

Which action will the nurse take to evaluate whether an asthmatic patient's prescribed ipratropium has been effective? - check effectiveness of cough - auscultate lugs for wheezing - obtain pulse and BP - ask about asthma attack frequency

- auscultate lugs for wheezing

The nurse is caring a patient with a diagnosis of active TB and anticipates that which item will be included in the patient's treatment plan? - use directly observed therapy only in the initial phase - administer drug therapy in three phases - initiate LFTs 14 days after the start of treatment - avoid alcohol because it increases the hepatotoxicity associated with isoniazid

- avoid alcohol because it increases the hepatotoxicity associated with isoniazid

Which patient statements indicate understanding of nursing instructions regarding skin care management? Select all that apply: - avoid extreme temperatures - apply moisturizers even at night - wash my hands and legs frequently with soap - change my position regularly while at rest - I will not use the foot lift of my recliner

- avoid extreme temperatures - apply moisturizers even at night - change my position regularly while at rest

When teaching a patient with asthma about ways to reduce the severity of asthma and asthma attacks, which measures would be included? SATA: - avoid food irritants - avoid animals with fur - identify personal triggers - go out in the cold air for a walk - use NSAIDs

- avoid food irritants - avoid animals with fur - identify personal triggers

A nurse is providing education for a patient with a new diagnosis of type 1 DM. Therapy for the patient will require subcutaneous insulin injections several times/ day. When teaching the patient how to administer subQ insulin, what education is the most accurate? - you must use an alcohol swam on the site before self-injection - if you are planning on going jogging, you should use the thigh injection site to administer insulin - you should use one site for insulin injections so you get used to the process of administering insulin - avoid injecting insulin intramuscularly, because rapid and unpredictable absorption could result in hypoglycemia

- avoid injecting insulin intramuscularly, because rapid and unpredictable absorption could result in hypoglycemia

Nurses have a major role in prevention of UTIs. Which guidelines can help prevent hospital-acquired UTIs? SATA: - avoid unnecessary catheterization - perform intermittent catheterization every 4 hours - wash hands before and after contact with each patient - wash around catheter insertion site with betadine daily - perform routine and thorough perineal hygiene for hospitalized patients

- avoid unnecessary catheterization - wash hands before and after contact with each patient - perform routine and thorough perineal hygiene for hospitalized patients

The nurse is educating a patient about the prevention of osteoarthritis. What information would be most beneficial for the nurse to discuss with the patient? SATA: - avoiding alcohol - avoiding smoking - avoiding heavy lifting - maintaining a healthy weight - promptly treating any joint injury - sliding objects rather than lifting them

- avoiding smoking - maintaining a healthy weight - promptly treating any joint injury

Which treatment may increase restlessness and insomnia in a patient with COPD? - beta 2 agonists - anticholinergics - massage and postural drainage techniques - oxygen supplementation through a nasal mask

- beta 2 agonists

Which type of urinary incontinence is caused by interstitial cystitis? - urge incontinence - stress incontinence - overflow incontinence - functional incontinence

- urge incontinence

Which instruction should be included in teaching a patient with COPD how to self-administer ipratropium via a MDI? -avoid shaking the inhaler before use - breathe out slowly before positioning the inhaler - using a spacer should be avoided for this type of med - after taking a puff, hold the breath for 30 seconds before exhaling

- breathe out slowly before positioning the inhaler

Which information would the nurse provide the concerned parents of a child recently diagnosed with typical absence seizures? SATA: - A seizure is associated with loss of postural tone - the child will usually seem confused after a seizure - brief staring spells are a characteristic of the seizure - flashing lights usually precipitate this type of seizure activity - the occurrence of seizures usually subsides during adolescence

- brief staring spells are a characteristic of the seizure - flashing lights usually precipitate this type of seizure activity - the occurrence of seizures usually subsides during adolescence

The nurse provides a list of health-promoting regular physical activity examples to a patient with CAD. Which activity would the nurse include on the list? - painting while seated - performing carpentry - jogging (7-8 mph) - brisk walking (3-4 mph)

- brisk walking (3-4 mph)

The nurse assesses a patient with wheezing and dyspnea and determines that these symptoms are related to which pathophysiologic feature asthma? - laryngeal stridor - alveolar collapse - mucus production - bronchoconstriction

- bronchoconstriction

The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a patient with chronic venous insufficiency. Which manifestation involving the lower extremities would the nurse expect? - Shiny skin - absent pulses - brownish color - lack of sensation

- brownish color

The nurse explains to the patient with GERD that this is a disorder that can be aggravated by which of the following? SATA: - caffeine - chocolate - dietary fiber - orange juice - cigarette smoking - high protein foods

- caffeine - chocolate - orange juice - cigarette smoking

Chronic exposure to UV rays has which effects on the skin that increase the risk for skin cancer? Select all that apply: - increases blood flow to the skin - decreases the water content of the skin - causes an error in the skin's genetic code - causes degeneration of elastic fibers in skin tissue - decreases the skin's ability to repair cellular damage

- causes an error in the skin's genetic code - decreases the skin's ability to repair cellular damage

Which type of hearing loss involves an inability to interpret sound, including speech, because of a problem in the CNS? - mixed hearing loss - central hearing loss - conductive hearing loss - sensorineural hearing loss

- central hearing loss

The registered nurse on a medical inpatient unit reviews the patient assignments. Which activities could the nurse delegate to UAP? Select all that apply: - check for postural changes in BP - make appropriate referrals to other HCPs - teach patients about lifestyle management and med use - report high or low BP readings to the RN - assess patients for HTN risk factors and develop risk modification plans

- check for postural changes in BP - report high or low BP readings to the RN

The nurse provides education to a patient with asthma about how to take medication through a metered dose inhaler. Which action performed by the patient indicates effective learning? - cleans the device with water - inhaled two puffs, two seconds apart - does not shake the med before taking it - breathes in rapidly while taking the med

- cleans the device with water

For which condition would the nurse administer 100% oxygen immediately? - cluster headache - MS - Parkinson's disease - migraine headache

- cluster headache

Which condition would the nurse anticipate integrating into the patient's care plan when the patient reports swelling around one eye, gum pain, unilateral lacrimation and nasal congestion after applying perfume? - cluster headache - MS - Parkinson's disease - Migraine headache

- cluster headache

Which type of headache would the nurse associate with the patient's report of the headache occurring on the right side of the head around the right eye and having a sharp, penetrating pain? - cluster headache - migraine headache - tension-type headache - medication overuse headache

- cluster headache

The nurse identifies that a patient is in the initial stage of Raynaud's disorder. Which assessment finding is consistent with the early stage of this condition? - throbbing, tingling, and swelling of the limbs - chronic ischemic pain and ulcers on both feet - color changes of fingers from white to blue to red - HTN, hyperglycemia, and inflamed arteries

- color changes of fingers from white to blue to red

Which type of hearing loss occurs only when conditions in the outer or middle ear impair the transmission of sound through air to the inner ear? - mixed hearing loss - functional hearing loss - conductive hearing loss - sensorineural hearing loss

- conductive hearing loss

Nursing assessment findings of jugular venous distention and pedal edema would be indicative of what complication of COPD? - pneumonia - polycythemia - cor pulmonale - acute respiratory failure

- cor pulmonale

Which manifestations would the nurse identify with asthma? SATA: - cough - crackles - wheezing - chest tightness - pink, frothy sputum

- cough - wheezing - chest tightness

The nurse is teaching patient who are at an increased risk of UTIs about the use of cranberry products in preventing UTIs. What important instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? SATA: - cranberry has no effect on UTIs - cranberry juice is more effective than capsules - cranberry products have a protective effect in preventing UTIs - drinking an adequate amount of fluid is important in preventing UTIs - taking cranberry capsules and not drinking water will prevent UTIs

- cranberry juice is more effective than capsules - cranberry products have a protective effect in preventing UTIs - drinking an adequate amount of fluid is important in preventing UTIs

Which foods would the nurse encourage a patient with diabetes mellitus and CAD to limit intake of to help reduce the % of saturated fat in their diet? - chicken and turkey - frozen and canned vegetables - enriched flour products - dairy products

- dairy products

A patient is diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss. What potential causes of this disorder should the nurse discuss with the patient? SATA: - damage to the inner ear - an increase in cerumen output - damage to the tympanic membrane - impairment of the auditory pathway - damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve

- damage to the inner ear - damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve

When reviewing the admission assessment data of a hospitalized pediatric patient, which findings would the nurse associate with the clinical manifestations of typical absence seizures? SATA: - birth injury - daydreaming - hyperventilation - loss of consciousness - Electroencephalogram (EEG)

- daydreaming - hyperventilation - Electroencephalogram (EEG)

A nurse is assessing a patient with CKD. The nurse finds that the patient has pallor, and the blood reports are suggestive of anemia. What could be the most likely cause of anemia? - excess blood loss - decreased intake of iron - decreased thyroid gland activity - decreased erythropoietin production

- decreased erythropoietin production

Which information would the nurse include when teaching a patient with MS about the advantages of exercise during remission? SATA: - decreases spasticity - increases coordination - helps to regain bladder control - delays the demyelination process - retrains unaffected muscles to substitute for impaired ones

- decreases spasticity - increases coordination - retrains unaffected muscles to substitute for impaired ones

A patient is diagnosed with urinary retention related to BPH. What is the purpose of urinary catheterization in the patient? - decreasing urinary stasis - facilitating bladder irrigation - collecting a sterile urine sample - facilitating med instillation

- decreasing urinary stasis

The nurse provides care for a 54 year old female patient who has had no menstrual periods for a year. The nurse identifies that the patient is at risk for which conditions? SATA: - blood clots - depression - osteoporosis - bladder infections - endometrial cancer - CAD

- depression - osteoporosis - bladder infections - CAD

Which change occurs first that makes patients susceptible to coronary artery disease? - formation of thrombus in the coronary artery - formation of fibrous plaque in the endothelium - reduction of blood flow through the coronary arteries - development of fatty streaks in the smooth muscles of the endothelium

- development of fatty streaks in the smooth muscles of the endothelium

For which clinical manifestation that occurs in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease should the nurse monitor the patient? - vomiting - diarrhea - hypocalcemia - rectal bleeding

- diarrhea

Which clinical manifestations of IBD are common to both patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease? SATA: - Restricted to rectum - strictures are common - diarrhea stools - cramping abdominal pain - lesions that penetrate the intestine

- diarrhea stools - cramping abdominal pain

A patient is diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis. The nurse expects what patient symptoms? - itching, burning, irritation and photophobia - tearing, redness, photophobia and foreign body sensation - red, swollen, circumscribed and acutely tender area in the lid margin - discomfort, pruritus, redness and a mucopurulent drainage in the eye

- discomfort, pruritus, redness and a mucopurulent drainage in the eye

Which intervention would the nurse plan for a patient who smokes cigarettes and is predisposed to developing CAD? - recommend smokeless tobacco - encourage the use of filtered cigarettes - suggest smoking low- nicotine cigarettes - discuss medication to help with tobacco cessation

- discuss medication to help with tobacco cessation

Which action should the nurse take when administering and reading a TB skin test? - ensure that the injection is given subcutaneously - do not use a pen around the test area to make the site - include the reddened flat areas on the skin when measuring the induration - draw a diagram of the forearm and hand and label the injection sites in the patient's chart

- draw a diagram of the forearm and hand and label the injection sites in the patient's chart

When performing a physical exam of a patient with Parkinson's disease, which associated clinical manifestations would the nurse likely identify? SATA: - Nystagmus - Patchy blindness - drooling of saliva - decreased arm swelling - shuffling, propulsive gait

- drooling of saliva - decreased arm swelling - shuffling, propulsive gait

The nurse is assessing a patient who is hospitalized with suspected TB and expects which initial manifestations? SATA: - dry cough that becomes productive -dyspnea -malaise -hemoptysis -low- grade fever -unexplained weight loss

- dry cough that becomes productive -malaise -low- grade fever -unexplained weight loss

Which information would the nurse provide the caregiver of a patient with acute seizures regarding actions to implement if another seizure occurs at home? SATA: - ease the patient to the floor - loosen constrictive clothes - restrain the patient to a bed - protect the patient from any injury - bring the patient to the hospital immediately

- ease the patient to the floor - loosen constrictive clothes - protect the patient from any injury

A nurse teaches a patient about strategies to prevent angina caused by CAD. The nurse tells the patient to rest for one to two hours after a heavy meal. What is the rationale for this instruction? - eating a heavy meal would divert more blood to the GI system - heavy meals cause obesity and increase the susceptibility to myocardial ischemia - eating a heavy meal can cause physical inactivity, which could precipitate angina - heavy meals can cause excessive heat production, which leads to peripheral vasodilation

- eating a heavy meal would divert more blood to the GI system

A patient admitted to the emergency department with pain, dyspnea, and lower extremity edema is diagnosed with diastolic heart failure. Which finding supports the diagnosis of diastolic heart failure? - low filling pressures - ejection fraction of 55% - impaired contractile function - Ef of 40%

- ejection fraction of 55%

Which approaches does interprofessional care for the patient diagnosed with osteoarthritis include? SATA: - managing pain - curing osteoarthritis - prevention of disability - managing inflammation - improving joint function - reviewing diagnostic labs

- managing pain - prevention of disability - managing inflammation - improving joint function

A patient with spinal cord injury has to be catheterized. Which nursing interventions will help to prevent UTI? SATA: - empty the urine bag whenever it is 25% filled - ensure regular and complete drainage of the bladder - start intermittent catheterization once the patient is stabilized - maintain the urine drainage bad above the level of the bladder - cleans the patient's genitalia using aseptic before placing the catheter

- ensure regular and complete drainage of the bladder - start intermittent catheterization once the patient is stabilized - cleans the patient's genitalia using aseptic before placing the catheter

A nurse assesses a patient with suspected PUD. Which symptom will the patient most likely report? - vomiting after meals - abdominal distention after eating - intolerance of fatty and spicy foods - epigastric discomfort relieved by eating

- epigastric discomfort relieved by eating

A patient who presents with claudication is diagnosed with PAD. Which interventions will the nurse expect to find included in the patient'd care plan? SATA: - Sympathectomy - exercise therapy - nutritional therapy - antiplatelet therapy - calcium channel blockers

- exercise therapy - nutritional therapy - antiplatelet therapy

The nurse reviews the medical record of a patient who is hospitalized with a suspected bowel obstruction. The nurse identifies that which factor in the patient's history places the patient at risk for colorectal cancer? - osteoarthritis - familial adenomatous polyposis - GERD - daily use of NSAIDs

- familial adenomatous polyposis

Which risk factor for CAD is considered nonmodifiable? - Obesity - Diabetes - Tobacco use - family history of heart disease

- family history of heart disease

Which symptoms in a 55 year old female patient would the nurse recognize as possibly indicating unstable angina? - dyspnea, hyperglycemia and polyuria - altered mentation with difficulty breathing - fatigue, indigestion and SOB - peripheral edema with decreased urinary output

- fatigue, indigestion and SOB

A patient recently diagnosed with CAD asks the nurse: "What caused my problem?" Which cause would the nurse explain? - orthostatic hypotension - low oxygen saturation of the blood - the heart's inability to pump effectively - fatty deposits on the walls of the coronary arteries

- fatty deposits on the walls of the coronary arteries

Which statement about influenza is true? - the onset is insidious - generalized myalgia occurs - vomiting and diarrhea result - nuchal rigidity starts before headache

- generalized myalgia occurs

Which seizure activity would the nurse associate with a patient's jerky muscle movements of the extremities, as well as bowel and bladder incontinence during the event? - aura seizures - postictal seizures - generalized seizures - simple partial seizures

- generalized seizures

Which aspect of patient care can be delegated to the unlicensed assistive personnel on a medical unit? select all that apply: - planning nursing actions - helping the patients with bathing and hygiene - measuring and recording the patient's vital signs - evaluating a patient's orientation to time and place - providing patient education about the prevention of disease

- helping the patients with bathing and hygiene - measuring and recording the patient's vital signs

A 78 year old patient has a diagnosis of HTN with a cholesterol level of 250 mg/dL and a fasting triglyceride level of 195 mg/dL. Which level of risk does the patient have for CAD? - none - low - high - unable to determine

- high

When a patient is experiencing an acute asthma attack, how will the nurse position the patient? - supine - lithotomy - high fowlers -reverse trendelenburg

- high fowlers

The nurse reviews the medical records of four patients. Which information indicates a patient's high risk for VTE? - hyperuricemia - hormone therapy - anticoagulant therapy - high c reactive protein levels

- hormone therapy

Administration of the seasonal influenza vaccine would be contraindicated for the older adult with which conditions? - hypersensitivity to eggs - age greater than 80 years - history of upper respiratory infections - COPD

- hypersensitivity to eggs

The nurse is discussing a healthy eating plan for a patient with diabetes. Which should the nurse include in the teaching about diabetes and diet? - avoid nonnutritive sweeteners - consume a high protein diet for weight loss - if ingesting alcohol, also consume carbs - Include 50-60 g/day of dietary fiber

- if ingesting alcohol, also consume carbs

Which patient statement about the use of ipratropium inhaler for COPD indicates a need for further teaching? - I can rinse my mouth following the two puffs to get rid of the bas taste - I should wait at least one to two minutes between each puff of the inhaler - Because this med is not fast acting, I cannot use it in an emergency if my breathing gets worse - if my breathing gets worse, I should keep taking extra puffs of the inhaler until I can breathe more easily

- if my breathing gets worse, I should keep taking extra puffs of the inhaler until I can breathe more easily

Which factor causes the clinical manifestations of COPD? - decrease in respiratory drive - inability to effectively expire air - enhanced elastic recoil of airways - diminished inflammatory response

- inability to effectively expire air

In accordance with healthy people 2020 goals, which strategies are directed toward preventing the transmission of HIV and early detection of those infected? select all that apply: - increased accessibility to HIV testing facilities - mandatory HIV testing as a routine part of HC - denial of sterile IV equipment to drug abusers - Inclusion of voluntary HIV testing in routine prenatal care - advocacy for safe sex practices, including use of condoms

- increased accessibility to HIV testing facilities - Inclusion of voluntary HIV testing in routine prenatal care - advocacy for safe sex practices, including use of condoms

When the nurse is caring for a patient with COPD exacerbation who requires O2 administration, which assessment finding is of most concern? - bilateral rhonchi - increased lethargy - PaCO2 50 mm Hg - O2 saturation 92%

- increased lethargy

Which treatment plan meds would the nurse be prepared to administer to a patient hospitalized with allergic rhinitis? SATA - antipruritics -antihistamines - epinephrine - mast cell stabilizers -corticosteroids

- mast cell stabilizers -corticosteroids -antihistamines

The nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of asthma to a patient. Which is the most appropriate explanation? -an acid-base imbalance causes bronchoconstriction and edema of the airways - inflammation causes bronchoconstriction, hyperreactivity, and edema of the airways - inflammation causes bronchodilator, hyperactivity, and pressure of the airways - an immune response causes bronchodilator, hyperreactivity and edema of the airways

- inflammation causes bronchoconstriction, hyperreactivity, and edema of the airways

To prevent respiratory complications of COPD, which vaccines will the nurse plan to administer? SATA: - tetanus - influenza - herpes zoster - pneumococcal - Bacille Calmette-guerin

- influenza - pneumococcal

A child with nonproductive cough states, "I am having trouble breathing." Which action would the nurse take to reduce the severity of breathlessness in the child? - assist the child to lie in a supine position - instruct the child to bend forward slightly - suggest that the child walk for 30 minutes - instruct the child to take short, quick breaths

- instruct the child to bend forward slightly

Which assessment finding is considered the classic manifestation in lower extremity PAD? - rest pain - skin ulcerations - intermittent claudication - paresthesia in the feet and toes

- intermittent claudication

Which statements by the student indicate understanding of Raynaud's phenomenon? SATA: - it can precede the onset of a systemic disease - cyanosis occurs as hemoglobin releases oxygen - it occurs more often in diffuse scleroderma than in limited scleroderma - it can lead to diminished blood flow to fingers and toes with exposure to cold - numbness and tingling sensations differentiate the white phase from the other two phases

- it can precede the onset of a systemic disease - cyanosis occurs as hemoglobin releases oxygen - it can lead to diminished blood flow to fingers and toes with exposure to cold

A patient who has TB is being treated with combination drug therapy. The nurse explains that combination drug therapy is essential for which reason? - it minimizes the required dosage of each of the meds - it helps reduce the unpleasant side effects of the meds - is shortens the amount of time that the treatment regimen will be needed - it discourages the development of resistant strains of the TB organism

- it discourages the development of resistant strains of the TB organism

A patient with intermittent claudication experiences pain in the leg muscles while exercising that resolves within 10 minutes after stopping. Which substance building up in the leg is causing the ischemic pain? - lactic acid - triglycerides - homocysteine - blood viscosity

- lactic acid

Which factor puts a light-skinned patient at a higher risk for skin cancer than a patient with darker skin? - less sun exposure - more sun exposure - less melanin content in the skin - greater melanin content in the skin

- less melanin content in the skin

The nurse is teaching a patient who recently had an episode of urolithiasis with calcium oxalate stones about nutritional therapy. What instructions should the nurse include? SATA: - increase intake of milk - limit consumption of colas - increase consumption of coffee - take in at least 3 L of fluid daily - limit intake of dried fruits and nuts

- limit consumption of colas - take in at least 3 L of fluid daily - limit intake of dried fruits and nuts

Which assessment findings are typical of venous ulcers? SATA: - bluish tinge of the extremities - capillary refill greater than 3 seconds - location above the medial malleolus - well-defined edges along the ulcer - pain worse with leg in a dependent position

- location above the medial malleolus - pain worse with leg in a dependent position

If a patient has Parkinson's disease, which patient reaction would the nurse expect when performing a pull test by standing behind the patient and giving a tug backward on the patient's shoulders? - loses balance and sits down - loses balance and falls forward - loses balance and falls backward - loses balance and becomes unconscious

- loses balance and falls backward

The nurse is assessing a patient with lower-extremity PAD. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to find? - presence of peripheral pulses - heaviness in the calf or thigh - loss of hair on legs, feet and toes - presence of edema in the lower leg

- loss of hair on legs, feet and toes

The nurse is assessing the risk factors for urinary tract calculi in a group of patients. What are the factors that the nurse knows contribute to the development of urinary tract calculi? SATA: - low fluid intake - diet low in calcium - sedentary occupation - excessive intake of tea - adequate intake of dietary proteins

- low fluid intake - sedentary occupation - excessive intake of tea

An older adult presents to the emergency department with recent weight gain, pitting edema to the bilateral lower extremities, and distended neck veins. Which other assessment findings would the nurse expect? SATA: - irregular heart rate - lower extremity cyanosis - third heart sound (S3) upon auscultation - Displaced point of maximal impulse - High- pitched scratching sound during S1 or between normal heart sounds

- lower extremity cyanosis - third heart sound (S3) upon auscultation - Displaced point of maximal impulse

The nurse is caring for a patient with manifestations of acute decompensated heart failure. Which assessment is the nursing priority? - lung sounds - facial swelling - level of anxiety - intake and output

- lung sounds

What instructions should the nurse include when teaching a caregiver ways to communicate better with a patient who has hearing loss? SATA: - maintain eye contact - speak normally and slowly - move closer to the better ear - overenunciate what you say - write out names or difficult words - do not draw attention with hand movements

- maintain eye contact - speak normally and slowly - move closer to the better ear - write out names or difficult words

Which actions will decrease the likelihood of a patient developing varicose veins? SATA: - maintaining ideal body weight - avoiding long periods of sitting - taking 325 mg of aspirin daily - applying hydrating lotions to the skin of legs daily - avoiding standing for long periods

- maintaining ideal body weight - avoiding long periods of sitting - avoiding standing for long periods

Which complications in a patient with COPD requires acute intervention? SATA: - atelectasis - pneumonia - cor pulmonale - mucoid impact - exacerbations

- pneumonia - cor pulmonale - exacerbations

Which patient actions would be responsible for a reported decrease in headache events at a follow-up clinic visit? SATA: - meditating in the evenings - taking lithium each morning - performing hot yoga in the mornings - taking sumatriptan once a day - taking a muscle relaxant before going to bed

- meditating in the evenings - performing hot yoga in the mornings - taking sumatriptan once a day

Which type of angina occurs in the absence of significant CAD? - silent - unstable - prinzmetal's - microvascular

- microvascular

Which condition is likely in the female population who reports chest pain while performing daily activities and has no significant coronary atherosclerosis? - silent ischemia - nocturnal angina - angina decubitus - microvascular angina

- microvascular angina

Which disorder would the nurse associate with a patient's clinical manifestations of a throbbing headache and photophobia occurring prior to the headache's onset, as well as a history of this type of headache? - polycythemia vera - cluster headache - migraine headache - hemorrhagic stroke

- migraine headache

The nurse assesses the severity of asthma symptoms reported by a patient. Based on the information in the chart, at which level would the nurse classify the patient's asthma? - intermittent severity - mild persistent - moderate persistent - severe persistent

- mild persistent

A patient has undergone peripheral artery bypass surgery. The patient is diabetic, has a history of chronic ischemic rest pain, and has been taking opioids for more than a year, Which postoperative interventions would the nurse include in the care plan? SATA: - monitor perfusion to the extremities - suggest that the patient stop taking opioids immediately - encourage the patient to practice meticulous foot care - teach the patient or caregiver about wound management - encourage the patient to drink juices with refined sugar - report and potential complications, such as bleeding or thrombosis

- monitor perfusion to the extremities - encourage the patient to practice meticulous foot care - teach the patient or caregiver about wound management - report and potential complications, such as bleeding or thrombosis

Which patient statements, made during the nurse's neurological assessment, support the HCP's diagnosis of cluster headache? SATA: - my cheeks also ache during the headache - my skin appears pale during the headache - I feel like my limbs are moving during the headache - I don't feel like sitting in one place during the headache - I have a strong desire to eat ice cream and chocolate during the headache

- my cheeks also ache during the headache - my skin appears pale during the headache - I don't feel like sitting in one place during the headache

A patient with chronic stable angina asks the nurse about the origin of the pain. Which condition would the nurse explain as the cause of the pain? - atherosclerosis - myocardial ischemia - movement of thromboembolus - coronary artery vasoconstriction

- myocardial ischemia

A patient with a diagnosis of unstable angina is admitted to the intensive care unit. Which drug therapies will the nurse anticipate to be prescribed? SATA: - nitrates - antiplatelet therapy - anticoagulant therapy - Beta Blockers - ACE Inhibitors

- nitrates - antiplatelet therapy - anticoagulant therapy

When a patient's clinical manifestations include visual disturbances and seizures, which area of the brain would the nurse identify as the most likely location of the diagnosed brain tumor? - subcortical - parietal lobe - occipital lobe - temporal lobe

- occipital lobe

Which description is characteristic of pain experienced by a patient who has Raynaud's phenomenon? - ripping type chest pain - pain in fingers with color changes in the skin - leg pain with exercise that resolves with rest - leg pain that resolves when the leg is lowered

- pain in fingers with color changes in the skin

The urinalysis of a male patient reveals a high microorganism count. What data should the nurse use to determine the area of the urinary tract that is infected? SATA: - pain location - fever and chills - mental confusion - urinary hesitancy - urethral discharge - postvoid dribbling

- pain location - urethral discharge

A patient has osteoarthritis of the knees. Which finding would the nurse expect upon examination of the patient's knees? - morning stiffness - positive phalen's sign - pain with joint movement - positive anterior drawer test

- pain with joint movement

Which physical assessment findings will the nurse expect when caring for a patient with cor pulmonale? SATA: - Bradypnea - weight loss - pedal edema - hepatomegaly - jugular vein distention

- pedal edema - hepatomegaly - jugular vein distention

The nurse anticipates which diagnosis for a patient exposed to animal dander who presents with a runny and itchy nose, sneezing, and nasal congestion? - sinusitis - influenza - perennial rhinitis - acute viral rhinitis

- perennial rhinitis

The nurse is educating a patient about ways to decrease the risk of antibiotic-resistant infection. Which instruction does the nurse include in the teaching? select all that apply: - perform frequent hand washing - follow directions as prescribed - complete the full course of antibiotics - request antibiotics for faster resolution of the flu - retain leftover antibiotics for future use as needed

- perform frequent hand washing - follow directions as prescribed - complete the full course of antibiotics

Which nursing strategy should be implemented when caring for a patient who has Parkinson's disease and is at a risk for falling? - obtain an order for physical restraints to be used - perform hourly rounds to assess the patient's needs - encourage the patient to stay in bed to nap frequently - ask family members to stay with the patient at all times

- perform hourly rounds to assess the patient's needs

The nurse is educating a patient newly diagnosed with SLE. What should the nurse include in the education about things to avoid? SATA: - pregnancy - physical and emotional stress - exposure to individuals with infections - NSAIDs - drying soaps, powders and household chemicals

- physical and emotional stress - exposure to individuals with infections - drying soaps, powders and household chemicals

Which intervention would the nurse include in the care plan for a patient diagnoses with PAD? - soak patient's feet daily - place pillow under calves - apply compression stockings - apply wet to dry dressings on any foot ulcer

- place pillow under calves

Which criterion would the nurse associate with the HCP's diagnosis of Parkinson's disease? SATA: - decreased serum dopamine levels - tumor present in the thymus gland - positive response to antiparkinsonian medications - MRI shows areas of plaque on cranial nerves - presence of two of the three classic features: rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremor

- positive response to antiparkinsonian medications - presence of two of the three classic features: rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremor

Which diagnostic findings will the nurse expect when caring for a patient who is experiencing worsening of asthma symptoms? SATA: - decrease in serum IgE - increase in O2 saturation - positive skin tests for allergens - serum and sputum eosinophilia - chest x ray indicating hyperinflation

- positive skin tests for allergens - serum and sputum eosinophilia - chest x ray indicating hyperinflation

How does the nurse correlate an asthma exacerbation with sinusitis? - postnasal drip in sinusitis can exacerbate asthma - the triggers are the same for asthma and sinusitis - the allergic reaction in sinusitis can trigger asthma - nasal congestion in sinusitis makes breathing difficult, triggering asthma

- postnasal drip in sinusitis can exacerbate asthma

When teaching a patient about techniques to manage urinary incontinence, which instructions are most important for the nurse to include? SATA: - practice timed voiding - drink a cup of coffee - perform pelvic floor muscle training - perform intermittent catheterization - use incontinence protective pads

- practice timed voiding - perform pelvic floor muscle training - use incontinence protective pads

The nurse is assessing a patient for hyperthyroidism. What are the manifestations of hyperthyroidism? SALA - enlarged scaly tongue - presence of bruits upon auscultation of the thyroid gland - presence of dry, thick, inelastic and cold skin - presence of goiter detected on palpation of the thyroid gland - presence of clubbed and swollen fingers

- presence of bruits upon auscultation of the thyroid gland - presence of goiter detected on palpation of the thyroid gland - presence of clubbed and swollen fingers

During an acute exacerbation of the patient's MS, which interventions would the nurse implement? SATA: - assist the patient with the grieving process - prevent the complication of pressure ulcers - prevent the complication of UTIs - teach the patient to build a general resistance to illness - teach the patient to maintain a good balance between exercise and rest

- prevent the complication of pressure ulcers - prevent the complication of UTIs

Which type of angina occurs as a result of coronary vasospasm? - nocturnal angina - prinzmetal's angina - microvascular angina - chronic stable angina

- prinzmetal's angina

Which description best characterizes COPD? - progressive persistent expiratory airflow limitation - airway obstruction due to increased mucus production - difficulty clearing secretions due to dilated bronchioles - variations in airflow over time with normal lung function in between

- progressive persistent expiratory airflow limitation

Which intervention would the nurse implement when a patient experiences a generalized tonic-clonic seizure? - restrain the patient's arms and legs - control head movements of the patient - protect the patient's head and extremities - insert a tongue blade between the patient's teeth

- protect the patient's head and extremities

Which finding would the nurse monitor in the patient who has left-sided heart failure? - pedal edema - hepatomegaly - splenomegaly - pulmonary congestion

- pulmonary congestion

For patients with ALS, which treatment goal focuses on preventing a common cause of death in patients with ALS? - reduced fat intake - reduced risk of aspiration - decreased injury related to falls - decreased pain secondary to muscle weakness

- reduced risk of aspiration

Which nonverbal aids can the nurse adopt to effectively communicate with a patient with hearing loss? - refraining from touching the client - having a light source behind the speaker - maintaining equal distance from both ears - refraining from covering the mouth or face with hands

- refraining from covering the mouth or face with hands

Which interventions would the nurse implement immediately for the patient experiencing generalized tonic-clonic seizures due to hypoxia? SATA: - remove restrictive clothes - ensure the presence of a patent airway - administer IV dextrose - force the airway between clenched teeth - administer IV phenytoin

- remove restrictive clothes - ensure the presence of a patent airway

The nurse is assessing a patient with hematuria. What possible causes does the nurse anticipate for this condition? SATA: - renal calculi - blood dyscrasias - DM - severe dehydration - Genitourinary tract cancer

- renal calculi - blood dyscrasias - Genitourinary tract cancer

Which intervention by the nurse would provide stabilization for a patient with cor pulmonale who has an enlarged liver, distended neck veins, and clear fluid accumulated in the pleural space? - restricting sodium diet - monitoring for infection - monitor liver functioning - positioning the patient at a 45 degree angle

- restricting sodium diet

The nurse delegating the task of bathing a stable patient to a UAP is following which of the five rights of delegation? Select all that apply: - right task - right person - right plan of care - right circumstance - right directions and communication

- right task - right person - right circumstance - right directions and communication

Which instruction will the nurse give to a patient who has a prescription for beclomethasone? - use this medication only PRN - rinse mouth thoroughly after each use - use the inhaler at the onset of an asthma attack - avoid use of a spacer to increase the amount of medication absorption

- rinse mouth thoroughly after each use

Which intervention would the nurse implement while administering heparin sodium to a patient? - aspirating while administering the med - rubbing the site after adminstering the med - rotating the med administration site frequently - using the IM route for med administration

- rotating the med administration site frequently

A patient with a recent history of 10% body mass loss and herpes simplex with chronic ulcers has a DC4 T cell count of less that 200 cells and is diagnosed with Burkitt's lymphoma. Which infection would the nurse associate these clinical manifestations? - Parvovirus - Varicella-zoster -Adenovirus -HIV

-HIV

Which instructions would the nurse include when teaching preexposure prophylaxis to a group of adults at high risk of sexually acquired HIV infection? Select all that apply: - safe sex practices - Regular HIV testing - frequent hand washing - discreet use of antibiotics - risk reduction counseling

- safe sex practices - Regular HIV testing - risk reduction counseling

A patient has a family history of myocardial infarction. Which data indicates to the nurse that the patient has additional risk factors for CAD? SATA: - smoking cessation three years ago - serum cholesterol level of 260 mg/dL - fasting triglyceride level of 110 mg/dL - high level of anxiety over the last two years related to family issues - works over 50 hours/ week in an office with little time to exercise - lives with an adult child who smokes two packs of cigarettes/day

- serum cholesterol level of 260 mg/dL - high level of anxiety over the last two years related to family issues - works over 50 hours/ week in an office with little time to exercise - lives with an adult child who smokes two packs of cigarettes/day

A patient is on NSAIDs. Which complication does the nurse anticipate? - Achalasia - Duodenal ulcer - stomach cancer - silent peptic ulcer

- silent peptic ulcer

A patient with inability to breathe through his nose who is assessed to find swelling of the nasal mucosa blocking the opening of the Ostia may be experiencing which condition? - sinusitis - epistaxis - influenza - acute viral rhinitis

- sinusitis

Which intervention may improve gas exchange for a patient with COPD whose O2 saturation is 88%? - obtain an ABG - administer 6 L of oxygen via nasal cannula - sit the patient upright in a chair leaning slightly forward - place the patient in the prone position to increase postural drainage

- sit the patient upright in a chair leaning slightly forward

Which clinical manifestation is exclusive to a complex focal seizure? - jerking of the limbs - smacking of the lips - loss of consciousness - increased muscle tone

- smacking of the lips

Which disorder would the nurse associate with a patient's seizure lasting longer than five minutes and occurring in rapid succession without a return to consciousness between seizures? - epilepsy - tonic seizure - absence seizure - status epilepticus

- status epilepticus

The nurse is preparing a presentation related to the complications of HTN. Which information will the nurse include? SATA: - stroke as a result of atherosclerosis - heart failure as a result of increased heart contractility - blurring of vision or loss of vision secondary to retinal damage - right ventricular hypertrophy as a result of increased workload - coronary artery disease caused by an increase in the elasticity of arterial walls

- stroke as a result of atherosclerosis - blurring of vision or loss of vision secondary to retinal damage

For the patient who sustained a head trauma, which type of seizure might he or she experience while on a ventilator and receiving sedation medications in the ICU? - atonic seizure - myoclonic seizure - subclinical seizure - tonic-clonic seizure

- subclinical seizure

Which intervention should be included in the plan of care for a patient who has lost 30 lbs and has a nursing diagnosis of impaired nutritional status? - offer fruits and fruit juices between meals - suggest a high-calorie, high protein diet with 6 small meals a day - teach the patient to use frozen meals at home that can microwaved - provide a high calorie, high cab, nonirritating, frequent feeding diet

- suggest a high-calorie, high protein diet with 6 small meals a day

A patient complains of a red, swollen, circumscribed and acutely tender area in the lid margin. After the medical checkup, it is diagnosed as a hordeolum. The nurse should provide what instructions to help the patient care for the affected eye? - advise the patient to not perform lid scrubs for 10 days - Suggest wearing glasses to reduce development of the infection - advise to avoid any treatment because the condition is a normal body protective mechanism - suggest applying warm, moist compresses at least four times a day until the condition improves

- suggest applying warm, moist compresses at least four times a day until the condition improves

Which nursing intervention is most appropriate in providing care for an adult patient with newly diagnosed adult onset polycystic kidney disease? - help the patient cope with the rapid progression of the disease - suggest genetic counseling resources for the children of the patient - expect the patient to have polyuria and poor concentration ability of the kidneys - implement appropriate measures for the patient's deafness and blindness in addition to the renal problems

- suggest genetic counseling resources for the children of the patient

The nurse is educating a patient with SLE about precipitating factors of the disease. Which precipitating factors should the nurse be sure to include when discussing them? - Azathioprine, hydralazine, and procainamide - procainamide , chloroquine, and sun exposure - sun exposure, hydralazine, and oral contraceptives - Cyclophosphamide, oral contraceptives and azathioprine

- sun exposure, hydralazine, and oral contraceptives

A patient reports pain and itchiness in a lower extremity. Upon further assessment, a nurse observes that the extremity is reddened and warm.. Which complication would the nurse suspect? - aortic aneurysm - Raynaud's phenomenon - PAD - superficial vein thrombosis

- superficial vein thrombosis

A patient with dyspnea and who is unable to speak clearly has a RR of 45 breaths/min, a pulse of 130 BPM, oxygen saturation of 90%, and neck vein distention. Which treatment would the nurse expect to incorporate into the plan of care? - administration of ipratropium orally - three puffs of albuterol every 30 mins - supplemental oxygen through nasal cannula - obtaining peak flow rate and monitoring the patient continuously

- supplemental oxygen through nasal cannula

The nurse anticipates a diagnosis of sinusitis for a patient who reports a headache, nasal congestion, and fever for the past three days as indicated bu which assessment findings? SATA: - Nosebleed - swollen turbinates - edematous mucosa - clear nasal discharge - tenderness over the sinuses

- swollen turbinates - edematous mucosa - tenderness over the sinuses

Which condition causes the symptoms of right- sided heart failure? - decreased preload - increased cardiac output - fluid congestion in the lungs - systemic venous congestion

- systemic venous congestion

A patient states, "I have episodes of sharp and stabbing chest pain that last 10 minutes when I am restocking shelves at work." The patient is diagnosed with chronic stable angina. Which instruction would the nurse give to the patient to prevent anginal pain while at work? - Perform 30 minutes of moderate exercise before going to work - take nitroglycerin 5-10 minutes before restocking the shelves - Take a dose of the med 30 minutes after restocking the shelves - Take NTG every five minutes during the task until the work is complete

- take nitroglycerin 5-10 minutes before restocking the shelves

The nurse reviews the admission history of a patient who is hospitalized with DVT in the left leg. Which findings from the health history increase the risk for the patient to develop this complication? SATA: - takes simvastatin regularly - takes omeprazole regularly - takes conjugated estrogen regularly - negative history for smoking - left knee replacement two weeks prior to the current hospitalization - abdominal hysterectomy 10 years prior to the current hospitalization

- takes conjugated estrogen regularly - left knee replacement two weeks prior to the current hospitalization

The nurse is providing a discharge education for a patient with moderate heart failure. Which activity instruction would the nurse recommend to be included in the care plan? - Walking briskly every day for two hours - staying on bed rest as much as possible - taking frequent breaks during activities - holding all activity until prescribed by the doctor

- taking frequent breaks during activities

Which intervention would the nurse include in the care of a patient who has CVI? - application of topical antibiotics to venous ulcers - administering oral or subcutaneous anticoagulants - maintaining the patient's legs in a dependent position - teaching the patient the correct use of compression stockings

- teaching the patient the correct use of compression stockings

How is Breslow's measurement related to the prognosis of malignant melanoma? - the larger the tumor, the worse is the prognosis - the deeper the tumor, the worse is the prognosis - the darker the tumor the worse the prognosis -the greater the number of tumors the worse the prognosis

- the deeper the tumor, the worse is the prognosis

A male patient who has CAD has serum levels of LDL 98 mg/dL and HDL 47 mg/dL. Which information would the nurse include in patient teaching? - consume a diet low in fats - reduce total caloric intake - increase intake of olive oil - the lipid levels are normal

- the lipid levels are normal

When teaching the clinical manifestations of cluster headaches to a group, which statement would the nurse include? - you may experience the pain for 4 to 72 hours - when experiencing the pain, nausea os often present - the pain may switch to the anterior side of your head - the pain experienced in cluster headaches is unilateral

- the pain experienced in cluster headaches is unilateral

The nurse is teaching care guidelines to the parent of a child with hypothyroidism. During the follow-up visit, the nurse suspects that the child may be receiving ineffective treatment. Which action of the parent supports the nurse's decision? - The parent is giving the child fiber-rich food - the parent gives the child a thyroid supplement after meals - the mother gives the child a thyroid supplement each morning - the mother encourages the child to increase activity and exercise

- the parent gives the child a thyroid supplement after meals

A patient has loss of hair on the legs and the feet, cold extremities, and brittle nails. The patient's ankle-brachial index is 0.41. Which interpretation would the nurse make from the assessment findings? - the patient has venous disease - the patient has Raynaud's phenomenon - the patient has PAD - the patient is experiencing side effects of heparin

- the patient has PAD

Which rationale would explain why a patient is not responding well to clopidogrel therapy? - the patient eats low sodium food - the patient has PAD - the patient takes omeprazole medication - the patient experiences aspirin intolerance

- the patient takes omeprazole medication

The nurse is examining a female patient who experiences leg edema and pain. Which history findings indicate that the patient is at a high risk for VTE? SALA: - the patient uses tobacco - the patient lives in a high altitude area - the patient has a family history of VTE - the patient has been taking aspirin daily for one year - the patient takes an estrogen-based oral contraceptive

- the patient uses tobacco - the patient lives in a high altitude area - the patient has a family history of VTE - the patient takes an estrogen-based oral contraceptive

a patient with asthma develops nausea, vomiting, HA, tachycardia and dysrhythmias. The nurse would suspect which med as the cause of the symptoms? - albuterol - omalizumab - mometasone - theophylline

- theophylline

The nurse recognizes that airborne infection isolation for a patient with pulmonary TB can be discontinued when which criterion is met? - isoniazid drug therapy has been initiated - two consecutive negative x-ray results are confirmed - three consecutive AFB smears are negative - effective instruction on the use of a high-efficiency particulate air masks has been given

- three consecutive AFB smears are negative

The patient experiencing thyrotoxicosis asks the nurse why he or she is being given propranolol. What is the most accurate answer to the patient's question? - to suppress thyroid hormone secreting - to prevent thyroid hormone induced hypotension - to decrease thyroid gland vascularity in preparation for surgery - to block the sympathetic nervous system response to excess thyroid hormone

- to block the sympathetic nervous system response to excess thyroid hormone

A patient's assessment findings include a waist circumference of 42 inches, current tobacco use, HTN and a sedentary lifestyle. Which finding is the most significant risk factor for PAD? - tobacco use - excess weight - sedentary lifestyle - HTN

- tobacco use

Which seizure disorder typically occurs in children and rarely continues beyond adolescence? - focal seizures - tonic-clonic seizures - psychogenic seizures - typical absence seizures

- typical absence seizures

Which diagnostic criterion would the nurse include for migraine headaches when explaining the difference between a migraine headache and a tension type headache? - unilateral pain - pain that does not throb - movement does not affect its severity - photophobia or phonophobia, but not both

- unilateral pain

When educating a patient about nonpharmacologic interventions to manage sinusitis, which instructions would the nurse include? SATA: - restrict fluid intake - use a steam inhaler - avoid exposure to smoke - sleep with your head elevated - apply a cold compress on your cheeks

- use a steam inhaler - avoid exposure to smoke - sleep with your head elevated

Which information would the nurse emphasize while teaching a patient ways to avoid exposure to hepatitis B infection? Select all that apply: - use disposable needles and syringes -avoid sharing toothbrushes and razors - avoid eating food prepared in unhygienic ways - avoid touching or coming in contact with people with hepatitis B - avoid unsafe sex with multiple partners and always use condoms

- use disposable needles and syringes -avoid sharing toothbrushes and razors - avoid unsafe sex with multiple partners and always use condoms

Which patient action may aggravate the acute sinusitis symptoms? - use of phenylephrine for five days - taking hot showers at least twice daily - applying warm, damp towels around the nose - keeping their pillow at a 45 degree angle while sleeping

- use of phenylephrine for five days

The patient reports a palpable, firm and cordlike vein. The patient states that the area around the vein is itchy, painful to the touch, reddened and warm. Which complication is likely if treatment is not initiated? - pulmonary hemorrhage - pulmonary HTN - post-thrombotic syndrome - venous thromboembolism

- venous thromboembolism

A nurse obtained a blood sample with a syringe and large-bore needle from a patient with chronic HIV and a CD4 T cell count of 123. Which factors may affect the transmission of HIV if the nurse sustained a needle stick from the contaminated needle? Select all that apply? - viral load of the patient - age of the injured nurse - age of the patient with HIV - immune status of the injured nurse - volume of blood exposed to nurse

- viral load of the patient - immune status of the injured nurse - volume of blood exposed to nurse

A nurse assesses a patient with renal calculi and expects to find what clinical manifestations? - polyuria and fever - vomiting and flank pain - hematuria and diarrhea - abdominal pain and constipation

- vomiting and flank pain

Which finding would indicate a need for asthma testing in a patient experiencing chest tightness and acute dyspnea after an afternoon of gardening? - rhonchi - wheezes - fine crackles - coarse crackles

- wheezes

After initial treatment of a patient with an acute asthma exacerbation, which finding indicates improvement in the patient's respiratory function? - wheezing becomes louder - cough remains nonproductive - vesicular breath sounds diminish - accessory muscle use increases

- wheezing becomes louder

A patient presents to the ED with chest pain. Which question would the nurse ask first? - where is your discomfort located? - what medications are you taking? - do you have a history of migraines - have you ever worn a Holter monitor?

- where is your discomfort located?

The community health nurse is planning health promotion teaching to prevent coronary artery disease. Which population has the highest incidence of CAD? - white male - hispanic male - black male - native american female

- white male

Which assessment data is a nonmodifiable risk factor for CAD? - diabetes - white male - hyperlipidemia - cigarette smoking

- white male

When teaching a female patient about measures to prevent recurrent UTI, what instructions should the nurse include? SATA: - urinate every 6 hours - wipe from front to back after urinating - empty the bladder before and after sex - use vaginal douches or sprays to clean the perineal area - cleanse with warm soapy water after each bowel movement

- wipe from front to back after urinating - empty the bladder before and after sex - cleanse with warm soapy water after each bowel movement

A patient is prescribed lispro therapy. Related to meal times, when would the nurse instruct the patient to administer the insulin? - On an empty stomach, between meals - Simultaneously with a meal - within 15 minutes of mealtime - 30 to 45 minutes before a meal

- within 15 minutes of mealtime

The nurse is preparing a community education session related to the increased incidence of TB among the city's residents. The nurse identified that which populations are most at risk for the disease? SATA: - workers at a nearby prison - elderly adults who attend activities at a local senior center - adults who are homeless - children who attend a preschool three days a week - middle aged adults who live in the inner-city neighborhood - immigrants from an underdeveloped country who live in temporary housing in the city

- workers at a nearby prison - adults who are homeless - middle aged adults who live in the inner-city neighborhood - immigrants from an underdeveloped country who live in temporary housing in the city

When discussing HIV infection with a patient which statements would the nurse use? Select all that apply: -"Untreated HIV has a predictable pattern of progression" -" Late chronic HIV is called AIDS" -"Untreated HIV infection usually remains in the early chronic stage for one year or less" -"The interval between untreated HIV and a diagnosis of AIDS is about one year" -"Oropharyngeal candidiasis is a common infection associated with the symptomatic stage of HIV"

-"Untreated HIV has a predictable pattern of progression" -" Late chronic HIV is called AIDS" -"Oropharyngeal candidiasis is a common infection associated with the symptomatic stage of HIV"

A patient with AIDS has been on ART for four weeks. Which findings would the nurse associate with positive drug therapy outcomes? Select all that apply: - 80% drop in viral load -90% drop in viral load - CD4 T cell count above 14% - CD4 T cell count above 400 cells/nanoliter - 3 unit drop (99% reduction) in viral load on a log scale

-90% drop in viral load - CD4 T cell count above 14% - 3 unit drop (99% reduction) in viral load on a log scale

A patient with HIV is hospitalized. The patient's assessment findings include a CD4 count of 150 cells and a 12% loss of ideal body mass. What diagnosis does the nurse suspect? - Kaposi Sarcoma - Cytomegalovirus - PCP - AIDS

-AIDS

Which factor on the patient's healthy history is a known trigger of asthma attacks? -Age - nonsmoker - sedentary activity -GERD

-GERD

A nurse is preparing to teach a patient with cancer about pain management. Which information would the nurse include in the teaching plan? SATA: - Nonpharmacologic pain relief therapies - Mechanism of action of the pain medications - Pathophysiology of the development of pain in cancer - Side effects and complications associated with medications - Adjustments in drug dosages that may be required over time

-Nonpharmacologic pain relief therapies - Side effects and complications associated with medications - Adjustments in drug dosages that may be required over time

In the early stages of HIV, which cells protect the human body from infections? - Platelets -T Cells - Red blood cells - Immunoglobulins

-T Cells

The nurse discusses emerging infections with a group of community leaders and includes which examples? Select all that apply? - Pertussis -TB -West nile virus -H1N1 - HIV

-West nile virus -H1N1 - HIV

When a patient is experiencing an asthma attack, which prescribed inhaler will the nurse have the patient use first? -albuterol - salmeterol - beclomethasone - ipratropium bromide

-albuterol

Which clinical manifestation would alert the nurse to an early manifestation of an exacerbation of asthma in a patient brought to the ED following an automobile accident? - anxiety - cyanosis - bradycardia - hypercapnia

-anxiety

Which key factors could be linked with diabetes mellitus type 1? SATA: -endogenous insulin is not present in DM - islet cell antibodies are absent in type 1 DM - Type 1 DM is more common with people of young age - resistance of ketosis is found except in conditions of infection or stress - Diabetes mellitus type 1 is diagnosed in 5-10% of the total diabetes cases - requirement of insulin is mandatory in all the cases of Type 1 DM

-endogenous insulin is not present in DM - Type 1 DM is more common with people of young age - Diabetes mellitus type 1 is diagnosed in 5-10% of the total diabetes cases - requirement of insulin is mandatory in all the cases of Type 1 DM

The nurse determines appropriate transmission-based precautions for several patients who are hospitalized with infections. A patient with which diagnosis requires droplet precautions? Select all that apply: - measles -influenza A - TB - C. Diff - bacterial meningitis

-influenza A - bacterial meningitis

Which classification of allergic rhinitis is consistent with symptoms that occur fewer than 4 days/week? - episodic - persistent -intermittent -acute viral

-intermittent

Which type of skin cancer has a higher risk for metastasis and poor prognosis unless it is tested early? - myeloma -melanoma - basal cell carcinoma - squamous cell carcinoma

-melanoma

Which specific patient assessments would the nurse perform immediately after a status epilepticus event subsides? SATA: - Pain -oxygenation - apical heart rate - oral body temperature - respiratory rate and pattern

-oxygenation - oral body temperature - respiratory rate and pattern

The nurse reviews the assessment findings of a patient with atherosclerosis and notes an ABI of 0.8, decreased Doppler pressures, aspirin intolerance and arterial stenosis. Which treatment would likely be prescribed for this patient? - Nifedipine - Clopidogrel - Furosemide - Doxycycline

Clopidogrel