Nursing 325 Week 5

The nurse understands that how many days worth of food are recommended to store in a disaster preparedness kit?

3 Rationale The nurse understands that it is recommended to store at least 3 days of food, water, and supplies in a family's easy-to-carry preparedness kit. The recommendation is not for 6, 10, or 14 days worth of food. p. 509

What does the ALICE acronym stand for?

Alert, lockdown, inform, counter, and evacuate Rationale ALICE is an acronym that stands for "alert, lockdown, inform, counter, and evaluate." These are responses that should be taken in shooter incidents, but not in sequential order. ALICE does not stand for "all life is cared for and evaluated"; "alleged, lifeless, injured, care, and examine"; or "alibi, legal, investigate, consult, eliminate."

The nurse is most likely to care for patients with which conditions following a volcanic eruption?

Eye debris Because volcanoes emit gas, ash, and flying debris, people are prone to getting particles in eyes. Skin irritation Because volcanoes emit gas, ash, and flying debris, people are prone to skin irritation. If patients come in to contact with lava, third degree burns could result. Breathing difficulty Because volcanoes emit gas and ash, people are prone to respiratory difficulties.

Which events are human-made disasters?

Fires Pollution Structural collapse Rationale include fires, pollution, and structural collapse. Natural disasters include blizzards, droughts, and heat waves. p. 560

For which events does the community health nurse working with disaster preparedness groups plan in the event of a deep freeze?

Flooding Food availability Rationale A deep freeze is associated with ice formation, which upon melting can lead to flooding. A deep freeze can also cause crop freezing, which impacts food availability. Avalanche is a concern with blizzards and earthquakes. Air pollution and water pollution are concerns in the event of volcanic eruption.

Which is a characteristic of freezing rain?

Forms a coating or glaze of ice Freezing rain forms a coating or glaze of ice. Can freeze to trees, cars, and roads Freezing rain can freeze to trees, cars, and roads. Falls onto a surface whose temperature is below freezing Freezing rain falls onto a surface that has a temperature below freezing.

Which is an example of the nurse instituting primary prevention regarding active shooter events?

Guiding hospital employees in creation of a response plan This is an example of primary prevention, because it involves readiness before an attack occurs.

Which weather-related condition in the United States has the highest annual associated mortality?

Heat Heat has the highest annual associated mortality.

Which chemical agent has a moderate lethality rating?

Hydrogen cyanide Rationale Hydrogen cyanide is a chemical agent with a low to moderate lethality rating. Sarin and tabun are nerve agents with high lethality ratings. Chlorine is a pulmonary agent with a low lethality rating. p. 562

The nurse cared for a police officer who suffered a fatal injury while assisting the community following a hurricane. What term best describes this patient?

Indirect victim Rationale The police officer who suffered a fatal injury while assisting the community following a hurricane is an indirect victim. An indirect victim may be a family member or friend of the victim or a first responder. Refugees are a group of people who have fled their homes countries as a result of famine, drought, natural disaster, war, or civil unrest. A direct victim is an individual who is immediately affected by the disastrous event. Displaced persons are those who have to evacuate their homes, schools, or businesses as a result of a disaster. Displaced persons and refugees are special categories of direct victims.Test-Taking Tip: Start by reading each of the answer options carefully. Usually at least one of them will be clearly wrong. Eliminate this one from consideration. Now you have reduced the number of response choices by one and improved the odds. Continue to analyze the options. If you can eliminate one more choice in a four-option question, you have reduced the odds to 50/50. While you are eliminating the wrong choices, recall often occurs. One of the options may serve as a trigger that causes you to remember what a few seconds ago had seemed completely forgotten. p. 559

When nurses in a healthcare facility detect that there may be a biochemical terrorism incident, who do they contact immediately?

Infection control department Rationale When it is believed or detected that a biochemical terrorism incident is underway, this must be reported to the infection control department immediately so that the information can be passed along to the rest of the community. The 911 emergency, fire department, and local first responders are not contacted first. p. 565

Which action correctly follows the Run Hide Fight initiative?

Keep hands visible and call 911 when safe. Keeping hands visible and calling 911 when safe to do so correctly follows the Run Hide Fight initiative.

Which description most accurately resembles that of an active shooter event?

Law enforcement is usually required to end the event Law enforcement is usually needed to end an active shooter event.

A nurse is teaching elementary school students about safety during storms. Which items does the nurse teach students to avoid to decrease the risk of being injured by a lightning strike during a thunderstorm?

Metal objects Isolated trees Concrete fencing Rationale Contact with metal objects and close proximity to tall, isolated trees increases the risk of injury from lightning strike during a thunderstorm. Stone shelters, wooden homes, and concrete fencing are not good conductors of electricity, so being near them does not increase risk.

What type of disaster prevention is aimed at preventing the occurrence of a disaster or limiting consequences when the event itself cannot be prevented?

Primary Rationale Primary prevention is aimed at preventing the occurrence of a disaster or limiting consequences when the event itself cannot be prevented. Tertiary prevention is aimed at preventing a recurrence or identifying problems with the plan and making revisions. Secondary prevention strategies are implemented once the disaster occurs to prevent further injury or destruction. Recovery occurs during tertiary prevention. p. 561

Which principle associated with RACE does the nurse teach?

RACE actions are to be sequentially followed. RACE must be sequentially followed.

A strong F4 tornado has devastated a suburban neighborhood in a path 1 mile wide and 10 miles long. Which role will be performed by the public health nurse?

Triage Rationale The role of the nurse during a disaster is to triage the injured and provide treatment. Police are a part of the interprofessional team that provides law enforcement. Law enforcement and fire department members are more likely to coordinate search and rescue. Patients are more likely to be assessed for injury in this situation than for infections.

What type of map used in preparing for natural or man-made disasters shows the locations of buildings with basement shelters, stored supplies, and evacuation routes?

Resource map Rationale A resource map is a geographic map that outlines the resources that would be available in or near the area affected by a potential disaster, such as basement shelters, stored supplies, and evacuation routes. A risk map is a geographic map of an area that is analyzed for the impact of a potential disaster on the population and buildings in the area that would be involved. Casualty maps and mitigation maps are not types of maps used in preparing for natural or human-made disasters. p. 561

On which system of the body does the public health nurse focus in the assessment of those exposed to volcanic ash after an eruption?

Respiratory \Rationale Inhalation of volcanic ash and air pollution from a volcanic eruption can cause respiratory irritation and illness. The nervous, endocrine, and gastrointestinal systems are not immediately impacted by the inhalation of ash.

What type of disaster prevention is implemented once the disaster occurs to prevent further injury or destruction?

Secondary Rationale Secondary prevention strategies are implemented once the disaster occurs to prevent further injury or destruction. Primary prevention is aimed at preventing the occurrence of a disaster or limiting consequences when the event itself cannot be prevented. Tertiary prevention is aimed at preventing a recurrence or identifying problems with the plan and making revisions. Recovery occurs during tertiary prevention. p. 561

The emergency department nurse heard on the radio that an area experienced an F4 tornado. Which degree of cumulative damage does the nurse expect?

Severe F4 and F5 tornadoes have extremely high winds and are most likely to produce severe amounts of cumulative damage.

What is an active shooter?

Someone who is actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people Rationale According to the Department of Homeland Security, an active shooter is someone who is actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people. Active shooters are not people who have just finished shooting others, who are planning to kill others, or who are trained in using guns.

What type of disaster prevention is aimed at preventing a recurrence or identifying problems with the plan and making revisions?

Tertiary Rationale Tertiary prevention is aimed at preventing a recurrence or identifying problems with the plan and making revisions. Primary prevention is aimed at preventing the occurrence of a disaster or limiting consequences when the event itself cannot be prevented. Recovery occurs during tertiary prevention. Secondary prevention strategies are implemented once the disaster occurs to prevent further injury or destruction. p. 561

The nurse identifies that populations living in which areas are most prone to significant earthquakes?

The fault lines in California Those living along California's fault lines are at highest risk for significant earthquakes.

Formal first responders are typically comprised of which group of individuals?

PolicePolice are formal first responders. Correct ChaplainsChaplains who are specifically skilled in disaster response may be formal first responders. Correct Firefighters ealth care providers Health care providers are formal first responders.

Which Category A bioterrorism agent requires special action for public health preparedness?

Anthrax Rationale Anthrax is a Category A bioterrorism agent that can cause public panic and social disruption. It requires special action for public health preparedness. Brucellosis is a Category B bioterrorism agent. Hantavirus and Nipah virus are Category C bioterrorism agents. p. 561

Which events are natural disasters?

Blizzards Droughts Heat waves Rationale Natural disasters include blizzards, droughts, and heat waves. Human-made disasters include fires, pollution, and structural collapse. p. 560

In the immediate aftermath of a tornado disaster, which type of injury is the nurse most likely to treat?

Blunt trauma from flying debris The nurse is very likely to care for someone in the immediate aftermath of a tornado who has been hit by flying debris.

Which teaching will the nurse provide to a community who is preparing before hurricane season?

Buy drinking water. Buying water to store is an appropriate way to prepare for a hurricane. Make plans for pets. It is appropriate to make plans for pet safety during a hurricane. Gather flashlights and batteries. Gathering flashlights and batteries is an appropriate way to prepare for a hurricane. Trim trees so branches do not fly into home. It is appropriate to trim trees so that branches do not fly into the home during a hurricane.

Which fire extinguisher(s) does the nurse recommend a person buy that are useful to extinguish small and minor vehicle fires?

Class B and Class C Class B fights oil, gas and grease fires. Class C is used on electrical fires. Both are useful for small, minor vehicle fires.

Which does the nurse identify as accurate regarding licensure to practice in another state during an emergency?

Emergency licensure arrangements can be made by a State Board of Nursing, if the Board determines more nurses are needed. State Boards of Nursing have autonomy to place emergency licensure arrangements into place as needed.

Which are roles of the public health nurse in disaster planning and management?

Model leadership by solving problems.Modeling leadership by solving problems is a role of the public health nurse in disaster planning and management. Correct Maintain a personal preparedness plan.Maintenance of a personal preparedness plan is a role of the public health nurse in disaster planning and management. Correct Collect, manage, and transcribe disaster data.Collecting, managing, and transcribing data is a role of the public health nurse in disaster planning and management. Correct Demonstrate cultural competence and respect.Demonstrating cultural competence and respect is a role of the public health nurse in disaster planning and management.

Which information will the nurse give to a person who asks about leaving their home in a car during a flood?

Move to the highest area of your home and call for help. This is the safest way for people to avoid drowning during a flood situation.

Which chemical agent causes victims to develop blisters on their skin?

Nitrogen mustard Nitrogen mustard is a blistering agent, which causes skin blisters.

Who is most likely to initially detect a possible biological attack?

Nurse Triage nurses often see patients first when they seek medical care, so they are most likely to initially identify symptoms associated with a possible biological attack.

The nurse should plan to advise which coastal residents to evacuate when planning for a hurricane?

One who lives near a river People who live near rivers or flood plains are at risk for flooding. One who lives in a mobile home Those living in mobile homes are at risk for high wind damage and should plan to evacuate. One who lives on a small island offshore Residents who live on offshore islands should plan to leave the area. One who lives on the top floor of a high rise building on the coast Hurricane winds are strongest at higher elevations, so someone living in a top floor of a high-rise building should plan to leave

What is the origin of most forest fires?

People People are at the origin of most forest fires.

The emergency room is preparing to receive a patient rescued from a house fire. Which assessment technique should the nurse use for this patient?

Perform a full assessment. Rationale Smoke inhalation can cause health issues in the coming hours or days, so a complete assessment is needed to provide health status at the time of arrival. Burns on the skin and damage to the respiratory system from smoke inhalation are common in the case of fire but are too narrow a focus for this situation. Assessment of the oral cavity, not hands, may provide evidence of smoke inhalation.

Who is at highest risk for disease and health disorders following a flood?

Person who stayed in a shelter for several days The person who stayed in a shelter is more likely to be affected by compromises in hygiene, which can lead to disease and health disorders.

A nurse hears on the news that a chemical attack might be imminent. What does the nurse understand?

This is a forewarning of an upcoming chemical attack. Rationale Imminence is the speed of onset of an impending disaster and relates to the extent of forewarning possible. Therefore, the nurse understands that the chemical attack is upcoming. Imminent does not mean over and done. There is no telling that a chemical attack would take place within 24 hours. Imminent does not mean that a chemical attack is already underway. p. 562

What does the nurse identify as the leading cause of death related to winter storms?

Transportation accidents Transportation accidents are the leading cause of death related to winter storms.

Which term indicates that blizzard, heavy snow, heavy freezing rain, or heavy sleet may occur in the next 12-48 hours?

Winter storm watch A winter storm watch is issued when the possibility of a blizzard, heavy snow, heavy freezing rain, or heavy sleet is anticipated. Usually these are issued 12-48 hours before the event is expected to begin.