Nursing Assessment: Female and Male Reproductive Function

Which structure is referred to as the vulva?

external female genitalia

A 13-year-old who started her menstrual cycle at age 12 asks the nurse practitioner how frequently her "period" should come. The nurse takes a calendar and has the girl circle the date of her last period, which started on January 7. The nurse then circles when her next period should start based on the average number of days in a normal cycle. What date did the nurse circle?

February 4

The examiner is preparing to perform a pelvic examination. Which of the following would be done first?

Inspection of the external genitalia

A client is diagnosed with hypertension. The client also reports skin discoloration, weight gain, and nausea. Which contraceptive preparations would the nurse practitioner recommend for this client?

Progestin-only

When doing an initial assessment that includes questions related to domestic abuse, what does the nurse need to provide?

Resources and referrals as needed

A client has been diagnosed with epididymitis after examination and diagnostic tests. What treatments would the nurse expect the healthcare provider to order? Select all that apply.

Scrotal elevation Comfort measures Cold compresses

Cone biopsy describes a procedure in which cervical tissue is removed as result of detection of abnormal cells. Which statements by the client demonstrates that the client undergoing a cone biopsy understands the discharge instructions?

"I will avoid having sexual relations until I see the doctor again."

A 52-year-old male patient has acknowledged to his primary care provider that he has been experiencing difficulty maintaining an erection in recent months. Which of the following assessment questions most directly addresses a risk factor for this problem?

"How much alcohol do you typically drink in one day?"

The nurse is preparing a client for a pelvic examination. The client asks the nurse, "Why do I need to urinate and empty my bladder?" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"It helps make you more comfortable and the exam easier."

The nurse is completing community education when asked by a client without health insurance why a mammogram is needed if the women are completing breast self-examinations at home. The nurse is most correct to respond stating which of the following?

"Mammograms can detect cysts or tumors too small to palpate."

A nurse is caring for a client who is being evaluated for a lump found on the lateral aspect of the right breast. The client is anxious and asks the nurse if the next step is to have a mastectomy. Which is the nurse's best response?

"Many times, an ultrasound is done to distinguish between a tumor and cyst."

The nurse is providing client education to a 45-year-old female who asks how she can be certain that she has reached menopause. How should the nurse respond?

"Menopause is likely if you have not menstruated for 12 months."

Which nursing question is essential when caring for a client prior to a pelvic examination?

"Would you like to void at this time?"

A 52-year-old client asks the nurse how she is to remember when to schedule her clinical breast examination. Which response by the nurse is most correct?

"The clinical breast evaluation will be completed with annual gynecologic examination."

The nurse advises a woman who is still menstruating, to take a daily multivitamin because monthly blood loss, if heavy, over time, can lead to a lowered hemoglobin level. The nurse should explain that the average blood and tissue loss per month is:

60 to 150 mL.

A nurse is conducting a comprehensive assessment of a 73-year-old male patient. When performing an assessment of this patient's genitourinary system, the nurse should anticipate which of the following age-related changes?

A scrotum that hangs lower than that of younger men

The nurse is giving an educational event to a local men's group about prostate cancer. What nationality should you be sure to tell the attendees of this event should receive information regarding the predisposition of prostate cancer?

African Americans

The nurse instructs a female client about contraceptive options. The nurse explains that the intrauterine device (IUD) is a good contraceptive option for women who:

Are in a monogamous relationship.

The health care provider has explained to a patient that he has an inflammation of the Cowper's glands. Where are the Cowper glands located?

Below the prostate, within the posterior aspect of the urethra

Which term describes a procedure in which cervical tissue is removed because abnormal cells are detected?

Cone biopsy (conization)

The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted to hospital for uterine bleeding after incomplete miscarriage. The nurse knows what will be included in this client's treatment?

Dilation and curettage

A client is scheduled to undergo a Papanicolaou test. The nurse should advise the client of which preparation?

Do not douche before the procedure

Which diagnostic test is indicated for postmenopausal bleeding?

Endometrial biopsy

Which test is an x-ray study of the uterus and the fallopian tubes after injection of a contrast agent?

Hysterosalpingography

A woman who is 10 weeks pregnant arrives at the emergency department reporting vaginal bleeding and cramping. She states, "I've passed some small clots." Inspection of the perineal pad reveals moderate bleeding and some tissue. The client's cervix is dilated. The nurse interprets these findings as indicative of which of the following?

Incomplete abortion

Nursing students are reviewing information about the age-related changes in the reproductive system and their effects. The students demonstrate a need for additional study when they identify which of the following as an expected change?

Increased labial thickness

A nurse practitioner is assessing the size and position of a patient's uterus and ovarian structures. To perform this assessment, the nurse has informed the patient that bimanual palpation will be performed. How will the nurse perform this assessment?

Insert fingers of one hand into the vagina and palpate outside with the other hand.

Which statement is true regarding hormonal contraception?

It increases risk for venous thromboembolism.

The expert nurse is assisting a novice nurse insert a Foley catheter. The novice nurse has tried unsuccessfully to insert the catheter, and the expert nurse is providing verbal guidance while spreading which area to reveal the urethral opening?

Labia majora and minora

The nurse is preparing the female client for a pelvic examination. In which position will the nurse assist the client?

Lithotomy position

The menstrual cycle is dependent on the interplay among a number of hormones. The hormone(s) responsible for stimulation of progesterone is (are):

Luteinizing hormone.

A patient asks the nurse if there are any available nonsurgical options to terminate a pregnancy if she is only 2 weeks pregnant. What information should the nurse provide to the patient about a medication that blocks progesterone?

Mifepristone (RU-486, Mifeprex) is used only in early pregnancy to terminate a pregnancy nonsurgically.

A 32-year-old woman has had three consecutive normal Pap tests. Which of the following recommendations for screening would be appropriate?

Pap testing every 2 to 3 years

A nurse practitioner examines a 23-year-old woman from the Middle East. She documents that the patient has type I female genital mutilation (FGM) and examines her for signs of vaginal cellulitis and infection. Type I FGM refers to which of the following?

Partial or total removal of the clitoris

A client is prescribed a combination hormonal contraceptive. What condition would the nurse instruct the client to report to the healthcare provider immediately?

Pregnancy

Ovulation occurs midway between days 17 and 22 (usually at day 14) in a normal 28-day menstrual cycle. Conception occurs during ovulation. If an egg is fertilized, this hormone will continue to be produced to protect the egg until the placenta takes over. Which of the following is the correct hormone?

Progesterone

In the menstrual cycle, every month the female reproductive system generates an ovum. When the ovum is not fertilized, production of which of the following leads to menstruation?

Progesterone by the corpus luteum beginning to decrease

When the nurse places the patient in the stirrups for a pelvic exam she observes a bulge caused by rectal cavity protrusion. What does the nurse know this protrusion is called?

Rectocele

A woman at an employee health fair informs the nurse that she has had vaginal bleeding for the past several days. She is postmenopausal and has not had a menstrual period for the past 4 years. What should the nurse instruct the woman to do?

She should see her gynecologist or physician as soon as possible.

A client who is to have a pelvic examination has a disability that interferes with her ability to place her feet on the foot rests of the examination table. The nurse would assist the client to assume which position?

Sims

Which of the following positions may be utilized for a patient who is unable to maintain the supine lithotomy position?

Sims'

Nursing students are reviewing information about natural family planning methods in preparation for a quiz the next day. The students demonstrate a need for additional study when they identify which of the following as an example?

Spermicide

The nurse who is providing care for an older adult patient who has dementia has read in the patient's chart that she has developed skin breakdown in her perineum as a result of urinary and fecal incontinence. The nurse knows to specifically assess:

The area between the woman's vagina and rectum

During an internal vaginal examination, the nurse practitioner notes a frothy and malodorous discharge. The nurse suspects the odor is caused by which bacteria?

Trichomonas

The nurse is outlining the female internal reproductive structures on a diagram. Where on the diagram would the nurse highlight the typical site of ovum fertilization?

The nurse would highlight the fallopian tube.

When instructing clients at a prenatal class, the nurse is most correct to state which medical name as being removed during circumcision?

The prepuce

An obstetrical nurse is performing labor support for a 30-year-old woman who is experiencing her first pregnancy. The nurse has read in the patient's admission record that she experienced a sexual assault by a neighbor early in her pregnancy. What possible implication for this woman's care should the nurse identify?

The woman may be uncomfortable with removing her clothes or having pelvic exams.

The client states to the nurse that he is very anxious about having prostate cancer ever since his prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test came back elevated. The client asks, "Which diagnostic test produces definitive results if cancer is present?" The nurse is most correct to state which of the following?

Tissue biopsy

When assessing a female client's vagina, the nurse notes copious amounts of a frothy, foul-smelling, yellow-green discharge. The nurse suspects which condition?

Trichomonas infection

A patient has been diagnosed with a Trichomoniasis vaginal infection. The nurse would expect which color of discharge?

Yellow-green

A nurse is obtaining a male client's health history before performing a physical examination. Which information would most likely not be obtained?

age of first ejaculate

An older female client reports pain during intercourse, disrupting the intimacy that she and her husband are accustomed to sharing. What might be the cause of her pain?

atrophy of Bartholin glands

Which statement is true regarding hormonal contraception?A client is scheduled to undergo endometrial ablation to address continued severe bleeding that has not responded to other treatments. When teaching the client about this procedure, which information would the nurse most likely include?

destruction of the uterine lining with an electrode or laser beam

During physical examination of the male reproductive system, which method would best provide the nurse information about the prostate's size as well as evidence of tumor?

digital rectal examination

Because of a client's reluctance to begin hormone therapy, the advance nurse practitioner prescribes venlafaxine to decrease the risk of

hot flashes.

Hormone therapy decreases the risk of

hot flashes.

The opening into the vagina on the perineum is called the

introitus.

A woman has come to the clinic for a routine examination. While reviewing the woman's menstrual history, the client reports that she often notices a pain on one side of the abdomen about the middle of her menstrual cycle. The nurse documents this finding using which term?

mittelschmerz

Which structure is involved in keeping the testes at the necessary temperature to ensure sperm production?

scrotum

A nurse is reviewing a journal article about the menstrual cycle. The nurse demonstrates understanding of the article by identifying which hormone as being elevated at the time of ovulation? Select all that apply.

estrogen luteinizing hormone