Nursing Drug Applications: IM Injections

Where is an injection typically given on an infant?

Vastis lateralis (upper thigh)

What are the ventrogluteal landmarks?

Trochanter & iliac crest & anterior and superior iliac spine.

What is the maximum amount that can be injected into the deltoid?

1 mL

What is the needle length commonly used for IM injections?

1-1.5"

What is the process of giving an IM injection?

1. Squeeze site. 2. Insert @ 90 degree ankle. 3. Withdrawal to make sure not in blood vessel, which is not a necessary step because it is found to increase injection pain. 4. Release squeeze. 5. Inject. 6. Withdraw needle. 7. Massage site to disperse medication.

What size needle is needed for an adult gluteal injection?

1.5"

What gauge needle is commonly used for IM injections?

21-23 gauge, depends on viscosity of medication.

What is the maximum amount that can be injected into the ventrogluteal?

3 mL (book may state 5 mL but it would then be recommended to give 2.5 mL on each side)

IM injections are given at what angle?

90 degrees.

Why should we avoid dorsogluteal injections?

Because it is where the sciatic nerve is.

What kind of medications are given via IM injection?

Flu vaccine, hormones, tetanus, antibiotics, penicillin, Kefzol, B-12.

What does IM stand for and why are injections given in this manner?

IM = Intramuscular (into the muscle); Injections are given in this manner because the rate of absorption is usually faster than subcutaneously.

What is the process of giving a Z-track injection and what is its purpose?

It's purpose is to prevent leakage of medication. 1. Wash hands. 2. Clean supplies. 3. Relax the muscle to be injected. 4. Prepare syringe with medication. 5. Pull skin taught. 6. Insert needle at 90 degree angle. 7. Check for blood - withdrawal for needle. 8. Inject the medication. Leave needle in skin for 10 sec. 9. Remove needle. 10. Release skin to seal medicine inside.