Nutiritin chapter 2
Only food products that meet the following requirements can bear a ______ claim: - The food must be a good source of fiber, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, or iron. - A single serving of the food cannot contain more than 13 g of fat, 4 g of saturated fat, 60 mg of cholesterol, or 48 0mg of sodium. - The product must meet criteria specific to the claim being made.
health
According to MyPlate, what percentage of the grains you consume should be whole grains?
50%
are daily intake amounts set for nutrients for which there are insufficient research data to establish an EAR. (Do not use an abbreviation, spell out the answer.)
Adequate intakes
What are some strategies to use when selecting nutritious vegetables?
Buy a variety of different types of vegetables. Buy dark-green lettuce versus iceberg. Buy enough to fill your plate about 1/2 full with vegetables and fruits.
An RDA is based on a multiple of the _____
EAR
What formula should be used to determine the RDA for a nutrient?
EAR x 1.2 = RDA
Select the food recommendations that promote a healthy lifestyle.
Eat more dark green, red, and orange vegetables. Replace whole milk dairy products with low-fat and fat-free dairy products. Use oils to replace solid fats.
An RDA can only be set for nutrients that have an ______.
Estimated Average Requirement
For most adults, the best estimate of energy needs in relation to the is the amount of energy required to achieve and maintain a healthy weight.
Estimated Energy Requirements
_______ are estimates because energy needs depend on energy expenditure and, in some cases, the energy needed to support growth or human milk production.
Estimated Energy Requirements
A Which agency specifies that serving sizes be consistent among similar foods?
FDA
The product's name, the address of the manufacturer, the amount of product in the package, and a Nutrition Facts panel should all be included on a product's food .
label
Maintaining portion control during meal consumption will help you to consume ______.
less calories less fat
The website depicts the key elements of a healthy diet. It emphasizes the fruit, vegetable, grain, protein, and dairy food groups.
myplate
The main goal of ______ is to remind consumers to think about building a healthy plate at mealtimes and visit the myplate.gov website.
myplate
Identify tools that can help one to identify foods that contain nutrients in recommended amounts.
Food labels Nutrient databases Daily Values
What are some strategies that can be used to keep portion sizes under control?
If you prefer reduced fat compared to non-fat dairy, decrease the fat in other foods you eat. Choose low-fat salad dressings. Consume mostly nutrient-dense foods.
What are some benefits of using MyPlate and keeping track of your diet?
It can help you identify which nutrients might be lacking. It can help you take steps to improve your diet.
When planning menus using MyPlate, which of these points needs to considered?
No specific food is required for good nutrition. The foods within a group may vary widely with respect to nutrients and energy content.
The key to getting the array of nutrients offered by each food group is called ______.
variety
What are the benefits of choosing lower fat dairy products?
They are lower in cholesterol compared to full-fat products. They are lower in saturated fat compared to full-fat products. They are lower in fat compared to full-fat products.
The following are true about variety. Select all that apply.
Variety helps ensure that a diet contains sufficient nutrients. Variety makes meals more interesting.
Foods, like cookies and chips, that are not nutrient dense are often called calorie foods because they tend to be high in sugar and/or fat, which provides a lot of calories.
empty
calorie foods are ones that are high in solid fats and/or added sugar. They provide calories but few to no nutrients.
empty
density is determined by comparing a food's caloric content per gram weight of the food.
energy
Without using abbreviations, the are daily nutrient intake amounts that are estimated to meet the needs of half of the people in a certain life stage.
estimated average requirements
Without using abbreviations, the are daily nutrient intake amounts that are estimated to meet the needs of half of the people in a certain life stage.
estimated average requirements
are estimates because energy needs depend on energy expenditure and, in some cases, the energy needed to support growth or human milk production.
estimated energy requirements
What are some 1-ounce equivalents for the grains group?
everything but cereal
It is expected that the AI _____ the RDA for a specific nutrient.
exceeds
A mango smoothie, melon salad, and 100% grape juice would all be good sources of ______ based on the MyPlate guidelines.
fruit
Match the serving size unit to the appropriate food group. ounce cup teaspoon
grains veggies/fruits oils
What information must you have in order to calculate the amount of a nutrient consumed?
% Daily Value serving size
What are some qualities of empty-calorie foods?
- they tend to be high in sugar/fat - they contain few nutrients
Which of these qualities represent a nutrient-dense food?
18% of nutrients; 5% of calories
On Nutrition Facts labels, the % Daily Value is usually calculated based on a ______ calorie diet.
2000
If you consumed an entire box of macaroni and cheese, based on the following information, how much total fat would you have eaten? Servings per container- 6 Total fat per serving- 7 g (11%)
42
If there are 150 calories in one serving of ice cream and you consumed three servings, what is the total amount of calories you consumed?
450
If the EAR for vitamin C is 75 mg for men, what would the RDA be?
90 mg
The Recommended Dietary Allowances meet the needs of ____ of individuals.
98%
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels are the maximum daily intake amounts of nutrients that are not likely to cause adverse effects in _______ of individuals.
98%
What qualities must a food product have in order for it to make a health claim?
A single serving of the food cannot contain more than 13 g of fat, 4 g of saturated fat, 60 mg of cholesterol, and 480 mg of sodium. The food must be a good source of fiber, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, or iron.
For each macronutrient, the _______ provide a range of intake associated with good health and a reduced risk of chronic diseases while providing for recommended intakes of essential nutrients.
AMDRs
What recommendations were established for guidance on carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake levels?
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges
The DRIs apply to people in ______.
Canada the United States
How do you calculate a food's energy density?
Compare the food's calorie content per gram weight of the food
What are some foods and food components that should be reduced in order to promote a healthy diet and lifestyle?
Consume less than 10% of calories from saturated fatty acids starting at age 2. Sodium intake should be less than 2300 mg. Reduce the consumption of alcohol to moderate levels.
Reference Intakes are set for most minerals; these nutrients have established nutrient standards.
Daily
What is the generic nutrient standard set for energy-producing nutrients?
Daily Reference Values
What is the name of the tool that supports overall health by providing guidance on the quantities of nutrients that are most likely to result in optimal health?
Dietary Reference Intakes
A structure function claim describes ______.
How a nutrient affects body structure How a nutrient affects body function
When must the % DV for a protein be reported on the food label?
If the food is for infants and children under 4 years if the food makes a claim about protein content
What are some qualities of a typical North American diet?
It is too high in sugar It is too high in salt. It is too high in calories.
This dietary recommendation is used to evaluate a person's current intake for a specific nutrient, recognizing that the further the intake strays from this value, the more likely the person will develop nutrition-related problems.
RDA
are daily nutrient intake amounts that have been scientifically deemed sufficient to meet the needs of nearly all individuals (97-98%) in a life stage. (Do not use an abbreviation for this answer, spell out your answer.)
Recommended dietary allowance
Daily Values are standards set for energy-producing nutrients.
Reference
Daily Values are standards set for energy-producing nutrients.
Reference
Daily Values (DVs) are based on these two sets of dietary standards.
Reference Daily Intakes Daily Reference Values
Select the correct statement.
The AI should cover the needs of more than 97-98% of the individuals in a specific life-stage group.
Which of the following statements about structure/function claims are true?
The FDA does not approve or authorize them. Manufacturers are responsible for ensuring the claims are accurate.
What does the FDA require companies to do if they list the % DV for protein on a food label?
The company must evaluate the protein quality of the food.
Which formula can be used to determine the total amount of calories for a nutrient in more than one serving?
The value on label × the # of servings
Which statement about healthy foods is true?
They are often similar in price compared to some processed foods.
What are some benefits of having nutrient databases?
They make it possible to quickly estimate the amount of calories in foods that we eat. They allow us to see how closely intake matches dietary standards. They can be used to determine the nutrient density of foods.
Which statements are true regarding health claims?
They must use a may or might qualifier in the statement. They describe the relationship between a disease and a nutrient.
What statement about DRIs is true?
They only apply to healthy people
Why were the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges established?
They were established to reduce the risk of nutrient-related chronic disease.
Vitamin C intakes that are higher than the ______ can cause diarrhea and inflammation of the stomach lining.
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels
What is the term for the maximum daily intake amounts of nutrients that are not likely to cause adverse health effects in almost all individuals in a life-stage group?
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels
Which of the following is used to evaluate the highest amount of daily nutrient intake that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects?
UL
What considerations should be made in regards to alcohol consumption in order to promote a healthy diet and lifestyle?
Women can have one drink daily. Alcohol consumption should be restricted to low or moderate levels. Men can have up to two drinks daily.
What is the term for the daily intake amount that is based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of the average nutrient intake that appears to maintain health?
adequate intakes
Daily Values were developed because the DRIs are _____ specific, and it isn't practical to have different food labels for different groups.
age gender
To promote optimal health, people should aim to keep their intake of saturated fat and cholesterol at or ______ the 100% DV.
below
Which of the following foods are nutrient dense? Select all that apply.
breakfast cereal (19% of nutrients; 6% of calories) fat-free milk (15% of nutrients; 4% of calories)
The AMDR's include recommended intake ranges as a percent of total energy intake for which nutrients?
carbohydrates protein
For which nutrients are the DRVs set?
carbohydrates protein sodium fats
For optimal health, people should aim to keep their intake of which nutrients below 100% DV?
cholesterol saturated fat total fat sodium
What does a food label need to indicate on foods like meat, poultry, vegetables, pecans, and ginseng that does not need to be on other types of food labels?
country of origin
Reference Intakes are set for most minerals; these nutrients have established nutrient standards.
daily
What are the Estimated Average Requirements?
daily nutrient intake amounts that are estimated to meet the needs of half of the people in a certain life stage
The latest recommendations from the Food and Nutrition Board are called and they include 5 sets of standards.
dietary reference intakes
Foods can have health claims based on incomplete evidence if the label contains a(an) ________.
disclaimer
The FDA _________ structure/function claims.
does not approve or authorize
To promote a healthy diet, people should plan their diets to achieve 100% of the DV for ______.
fiber
Select the components that must be listed on most Nutrition Facts panels starting in 2018.
fiber total fat protein total calories
Which nutrients should people strive to reach 100% DV?
fiber vitamin D iron calcium
Food labels must specify the country of origin for which of the following products?
fruits peanuts
North Americans typically do not consume sufficient amounts of _____.
fruits whole grains vegetables
Intakes ______ than the Upper Level can cause adverse health issues.
greater
The Dietary are the foundation of the U.S. government's nutrition policy and education. They reflect what scientific experts believe is the most accurate and up-to-date scientific knowledge about nutritious diets, physical activity, and related healthy lifestyle choices
guidelines
What are some examples of medium and high energy density foods?
ham whole-wheat bread pumpkin pie potato chips
What is the term for a claim that describes the relationship between a disease and a nutrient, food, or food constituent?
health claims
energy density foods need to be eaten in larger amounts to feel full.
high
Nutrition Facts panels often include a footnote that explains that the DVs are based on a 2000 calorie diet and that they show ______.
how much a serving of food contributes to a daily diet
What information is included on a food product label?
ingredients that are common allergens a Nutrition Facts panel ingredients listed in descending order by weight
Foods that are ____ in energy density help a person feel full.
low
A ______ content claim describes the amount of nutrients in a food.
nutrient
"Rich in vitamin A" is an example of which type of claim?
nutrient content claim
What type of databases makes it possible to estimate the amount of calories in many foods, see how closely intake matches RDA and DV, and can be used to determine the nutrient and energy density of foods?
nutrient database
Starting in 2018, added sugar and vitamin D will be just some of the components that must be included on most panels.
nutrition facts
Starting in 2018, added sugar and vitamin D will be just some of the components that must be included on most panels.
nutrition facts
content claims are those that describe the nutrients in a food.
nutritional
Since they are specified by the FDA to be consistent among similar foods, the ______ for all brands of ice cream must be the same.
serving size
Foods can make health claims based on incomplete scientific evidence if the label contains a disclaimer such as ________.
this evidence is not conclusive
RDIs are set for ______.
vitamins and minerals
The intake of which foods and food components should be increased to promote healthy living?
whole grains vegetables and fruits fat-free/low-fat dairy
Which of the following statements are examples of nutrient content claims?
zero calories low in fat rich in vitamin A
What familiar item does MyPlate encourage people to use in order to estimate a 1 cup serving size?
baseball
Whole grain varieties of _____ have the greatest array of nutrients.
cereals breads rice
What are some examples of empty calorie foods?
cookies ice cream
A is a generic nutrient standard used on Nutrition Facts labels; it comprises both RDIs and DRVs. (No abbreviations please.)
daily value
Although not a food group with MyPlate, ______ are needed in small amounts to supply the body with essential fatty acids.
oils
Identify some sources of nutritious oils.
olive oil fish
What are some good sources of vegetables according to MyPlate guidelines?
only 2 choices
DRIs do not apply to which of the following groups?
people with diseases that require higher intakes people with health conditions that require higher intakes undernourished individuals
What are some examples of very low and low energy density foods?
plain baked potato salsa oatmeal lettuce
Eggs, skinless chicken, and seafood are all good sources of which MyPlate food group?
protein
MyPlate encourages consumers to imagine the size of a deck of cards in order to estimate a serving size for which food group?
proteins
What are some examples of healthy, protein-rich foods?
seafood beans lean meat
Fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy are often ______ compared to chips, cookies, and sugared soft drinks.
similiar in price
To help consumers make healthy food choices, the food industry has condensed nutrition labels into symbols such as ______.
stars traffic lights check marks
"Iron builds strong blood" is an example of a ______.
structure/function claim
What are some goals of the Dietary Guidelines?
to guide government nutrition programs to reduce obesity to aid in food labeling
What is the ultimate goal of condensing nutrition labels?
to help busy customers make healthy choices
