NUTR 121: CH 11 Post Test

Type 2 diabetes is ________. a. characterized by little to no insulin secretion by the body b. an autoimmune disorder c. characterized by insulin resistance d. also known as juvenile-onset diabetes e. caused by a viral infection

characterized by insulin resistance

The majority of evidence supports a role for fiber-rich diets as protective against what type of cancer? a. breast b. esophagus c. bone d. stomach e. colon

colon

Which demographic will likely experience the most significant epigenetic changes? a. adults who eat broccoli b. elderly c. adolescents d. adults e. embryos

embryos

What are risk factors? a. factors that occur together with infectious diseases b. lab values that are always higher than normal values in disease states c. factors known to be correlated with diseases, but not proven to be causal d. factors known to cause cancer e. nutrition or behavioral factors that cause disease

factors known to be correlated with diseases, but not proven to be causal

Which of the leading causes of death listed below are diet-related? a. heart disease b. pneumonia and influenza c. accidents d. chronic lung disease e. kidney diseases

heart disease

What is the major risk factor for the majority of cancers? a. hormones b. diet c. genetic inheritance d. lifestyle e. microbial infections

lifestyle

Which risk factor is associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and obesity? a. atherogenic diet b. physical inactivity c. diet high in added sugars d. smoking/tobacco use e. excessive alcohol intake

physical inactivity

What does the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet recommend regarding fat consumption? a. 17 percent of calories as fat from all food sources b. 27 percent of calories as fat, including fat in or added to foods c. there is no maximum on the amount of "good" fat d. limit the consumption of unsaturated fat e. no more than 40 grams per day

27 percent of calories as fat, including fat in or added to foods

On a 2,000-calorie diet, how many servings of high fiber, whole grain per day does the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet recommend? a. 4 to 5 b. less than 6 c. 6 to 8 d. 2 to 3 e. 4 to 7

6 to 8

How can you minimize your risks of heart attack and stroke? a. Consume more calories and get more exercise. b. Quit smoking and consume less fish. c. Quit smoking and eat more trans fat. d. Consume more fruits and vegetables and fewer servings of nuts. e. Consume fewer grams of saturated and trans fats.

Consume fewer grams of saturated and trans fats.

How does diet impact the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD)? a. Dietary habits can improve cardiac output. b. Diet-related factors can reduce LDL cholesterol. c. Fish oil supplements prevent heart disease. d. Diets high in carbohydrates and sugar are associated with low triglycerides. e. Dietary cholesterol significantly alters HDL cholesterol.

Diet-related factors can reduce LDL cholesterol.

What is NOT a recommended prevention strategy to reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes? a. Consume alcohol in moderation or abstain completely. b. Increase your saturated fat intake. c. Be physically active at least 30 minutes on most days of the week. d. If overweight, lose 5 percent of your body weight. e. Control your carbohydrate intake.

Increase your saturated fat intake.

Your friend wants to have her DNA tested because she thinks it will help her identify what foods she should eat. What is your advice to her? a. Her DNA results will be misused if she submits to the test. b. She should be sure to purchase any special foods or supplements the testing company suggests. c. Test quality and validity and the proper use of results are guaranteed by the FDA. d. Potential interactions between environmental factors and genome variations must be pinned down before effective application of DNA assessments is possible. e. Links between specific genetic variations and chronic disease are already well defined and useful recommendations are available to consumers.

Potential interactions between environmental factors and genome variations must be pinned down before effective application of DNA assessments is possible.

What significance does the vegetable group have within the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan? a. a source of protein and fiber b. minimally processed foods c. an important source of potassium, magnesium, and fiber d. a source of energy and fiber e. an important source of calcium and fiber

an important source of potassium, magnesium, and fiber

Which lifestyle modification is likely to provide the largest reduction in blood pressure for someone with hypertension? a. physical exercise b. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan c. moderate alcohol consumption d. sodium restriction e. weight reduction of 5 to 10 percent of current weight

weight reduction of 5 to 10 percent of current weight