Nutr Ch1

Which of the following is a description of chyme?

A semiliquid mass of partially digested food released by the stomach into the intestines

Which of the following is an anthropometric measure?

Body weight

Which of the following is an organic nutrient

Fat

Which of the following is not one of the six classes of nutrients?

Fiber

What is the term that defines foods that contain physiologically-active components whose known action in the body is to promote being to a greater extent than that contributed by the food's nutrients?

Functional foods

A food label ingredient list reads in the following order: Wheat flour, vegetable shortening, sugar, salt, and cornstarch. What item would be found in the smallest amount in the food?

Cornstarch

Which of the following foods could help the protein needs of vegetarians who omit dairy from their diet?

Legumes

When nutrients are transported from intestinal epithelial cells to the vascular system, what organ is first to receive them?

Liver

Immediately after absorption what circulatory system carries the fat soluble vitamins and large fats?

Lymphatic

In food exchange lists, to what group is cheese assigned?

Meat

After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract?

Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon

Which of the following most accurately describes the term organic?

Substances with carbon-carbon-hydrogen bonds

Which of the following leading causes of death in the U.S dose not bear a relationship diet?

Pneumonia and influenza

What is a bolus?

Portion of food swallowed at one time

What does the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of a nutrient represent?

The maximum amount from all sources that appear safe for most healthy people

Which of the following best describes the normal pH of the stomach?

Very acidic

International units of energy that can be defined as the amount of heat necessary to raise 1kg degree Celsius are:

kilocalories

What percentage of total kilocalories should come from protein?

10-35%

On a food label, the "% Daily value" table compares key nutrients per serving for a person consuming how many kcalories?

2,000

What percentage of total kilocalories should come from carbohydrate?

45-65%

If a group of people consumed an amount of protein equal to the average requirement for their population group, what percentage would receive insufficient amounts?

50

What is the kcalorie value of a meal supplying 110 g of carbohydrates, 25 g of protein, 20 g of fat, and 5 g of alcohol?

755

What are the "ABCDMV" principles of diet planning?

Adequacy, balance, kcalorie control, nutrient density, moderation, and variety

Which of the following is a feature of the Food Exchange System?

All foods are grouped to their content of carbohydrate, protein, and fats.

What is reflux?

Backward flow of chyme

Which of the following is characteristic of an essential nutrient?

Cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body

Which of the following is used to determine the presence of abnormal functions inside the body due to a nutrient deficiency?

Laboratory tests

Which of the following nutrients does not yield energy during its metabolism?

Minerals

What is the benefit of using placebos in experiment?

One group of subjects receives treatment and the other group receives a false treatment

The amount of a nutrient that meets of nearly all healthy individuals is termed the:

Recommended Dietary Allowance

Which of the following is an example of a micronutrient?

Vitamin C

Which of the following cannot add fat to the body?

Vitamins

Which of the following is known to be produced by small intestinal bacteria?

Vitamins

By chemical analysis, what nutrient is present in the highest amounts in most foods?

Water

All of the following are classified as macronutrients except?

calcium

A person viewing an exciting sports match of her favorite team and eating because of nervousness would be displaying a food choice behavior most likely based on:

emotional comfort

What structure controls the passage of material from the small intestines to the large intestines?

ileocecal valve

What is the primary site of absorption of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and vitamins?

small intestines'

All of the following are examples of legumes except

potatoes

The purpose of bicarbonate in the digestive process is to

raise the pH of chyme (less acidic)