Nutrition #2
Monosaccharides
Mono- one Saccharine- sugar glucose, fructose, galactose
list 5 recommendations to reduce the risk of heartburn
lose excess body fat do not lie down within 2 hours of eating a meal do not overeat at mealtimes avoid smoking cigarettes do not wear tight belts or clothes with tight waistbands
list and explain 3 ways to lower your risk of CVD.
lose excess body fat- lowers elevated triglycerides, blood pressure, and risk of type 2 diabetes. quit smoking- May raise HDL and lower LDL levels. increase physical activity level- Raises HDL levels
cholesterol is...
metabolized for energy found only in animal foods
which of the following foods is a rich source of carbohydrates?
none of the choices
When she prepares food, Felicia wants to use more sources of unsaturated fats than saturated fats. which of the following fats supplies more unsaturated fat than saturated fat?
olive oil
Fructose
"Fruit sugar" or "levulose"
low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
-Commonly called "bad" cholesterol -converts cholesterol to tissues -may become oxidized LDL and contribute to formation of plaque
High-density Lipopretiens HDL
-commonly called "good" cholesterol -Transports cholesterol AWAY from tissues and to the liver where it can be eliminated
Carbohydrates
-major source of energy -Plant use CO2, H2O, and energy from the sun to make carbohydrates -Often identified by chemical name ending in "-ose"
Undigested food rots in your stomach, causing toxic materials to build up in your tissues
False
which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissues?
HDL
explain the difference between HDL and LDL cholesterol and functions
HDL commonly called "good" cholesterol • Transports cholesterol away from tissues and to the liver where it can be eliminated LDL commonly called "bad" cholesterol • Conveys cholesterol to tissues • May become oxidized LDL and contribute to formation of plaque
List 5 modifiable risk factors of CVD.
Hypertension* Diabetes* Excess body fat* Elevated blood cholesterol (LDL)* Physical inactivity
Which of the following foods naturally contains cholesterol?
All of the above
Disaccharide
Di- two Saccharine- sugar Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose
Digestion begins in the stomach
False
On average, Americans consume 60% of their calories from fat
False
The atom is the smallest living unit in the body
False
The average American consumes 40% or 50% of his/her energy intake as refined sugars
False
The results of clinical studies indicate that eating too much sugar makes children hyperactive
False
To lose wight, use regular, stick margarine instead of butter because it has 25% fewer kilocalories per teaspoon
False
Glucose
Primary energy source for cells
list 5 strategies to reduce dietary fat
Reduce intake of fried foods. Purchase lean cuts of meat and trim visible fat. Replace some fatty foods with reduced-fat or fat-free alternatives. Replace high-fat sandwich meats with nut butters. Choose low-fat snack foods.
Anatomy
Study of cells and other body structures.
Physiology
Study of how cells and body structures function.
Eating a high-fiber diet can improve the functioning of your large intestine and reduce your blood cholesterol levels
True
Egg yolks are a rich source of cholesterol
True
The stomach produces gastric juice that contains hydrochloric acid
True
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
a disease of the heart and blood vessels
Antioxidants
a substance that inhibits oxidation, especially one used to counteract the deterioration of stored food products.
which of the following foods is a rich source of starch?
all of the choices
Sugar contributes to
all of these choices
Which of the following characteristics is known to increase an American's risk of CVD?
all of these choices
which of the following characteristics can be modified to reduce a persons risk of cardiovascular disease?
elevated LDL cholesterol
list 5 signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus
elevated blood glucose levels excessive thirst frequent urination blurry vision numbness
soluble fiber
fiber that dissolves in water or is broken down by bacteria in the large intestine (carbohydrate)
insoluble fiber
fiber that does not dissolve in water and is not broken down by bacteria in the large intestine (carbohydrates and noncarbohydrate)
Protons
positively charged particles in the nucleus
What are the five tastes?
sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami
which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?
tuna fish