Nutrition A
nurse is providing teaching to a client who has Crohn's disease. of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
" I will eat eggs for breakfast." Clients who have Crohn disease can consume eggs which are easy to digest and high in protein.
A nurse is providing info regarding breastfeeding to the parents of a newborn. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
"Breast milk is nutritionally complete for an infant up to 6 months of age"
A nurse is providing education to an adolescent about making nutrient-dense food choices. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"Canned pinto beans are a better choice than refried beans" Canned pinto beans contain less fat that refried beans.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for ferrous sulfate about food interactions. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the teaching?
"I can take this medication with juice" The nurse should instruct the client to take this medication between meals with juice. The client take this medication with meals if gastric upset occurs.
nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus how to count carbohydrates. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I know the serving size can effect the number of carbs I eat"
A nurse is teaching a client who is overweight about nutritional recommendations during pregnancy. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding?
"I should take an iron supplement during pregnancy" Women who are pregnant should take 30 mg of iron supplementation daily to reduce the risk of iron deficiency anemia.
A nurse is providing dietary teaching about reducing the risk of infection to a client who has cancer and is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will discard leftover food after three days"
nurse is teaching a female client about a healthy diet to control hypertension. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will eat 4 servings of unsalted nuts per week."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who reports nausea during pregnancy. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding?
"I will eat dry cereal before I get out of bed"
A nurse in a clinic is providing nutritional counseling to a client who wants to lose weight. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements indicated that the client understands?
"I will make a list before I go grocery shopping"
A home health nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parents of a 3 y/o child. Which of the following statements by the parents should the nurse identify as understanding of the teaching?
"I will put low fat milk in her cup for her to drink"
A nurse is teaching a client about stress management. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the client understands?
"I will take a long walk every evening"
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition and is prescribed an oral diet. The client asks the nurse why the TPN is being continued since his is now eating. Which of the following is an appropriate response?
"You should consume at least 60% of your calories orally before the parenteral nutrition can be discontinued. TPN can be discontinued when oral intake exceeds 60% of the clients estimated daily caloric requirements
A nurse is preparing to administer intermittent enteral tube feedings to a client. In what order should the nurse perform the following actions BEFORE beginning the feeding?
1. Place patient in Fowler's position 2. Verify tube placement 3. Check gastric residual monitor for delayed gastric emptying 4. Flush feeding tube with 30 ml of water
A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has osteoporosis. The nurse should instruct the client which of the following foods has the highest amount of carbs?
1/2 cup of roasted almonds The nurse should determine that 1/2 cup roasted almonds is the best food source to recommend because 1/2 cup of almonds contains 185 mg of calcium. Calcium helps to prevent bone loss in clients who have osteoporosis.
A nurse is providing a dietary teaching for a client who has chronic skin ulcers of the lower extremities. Which of he following goods should the nurse recommend as containing the highest amount of zinc?
4 oz ground beef patty
A nurse is administering a continuous tube feeding at 60 mL/hr with 50 mL water every 4 hours. What should the nurse document as the total mL of enteral fluid administered during the 8 hour shift?
580 mL 60 * 8 = 480 mL Calculate the total amount of water administered via the enteral route during the 8 hr shift. If the nurse should administer 50 mL every 4 hr then the client should receive this amount 2 times during the 8 hr shift. 50 mL * 2 = 100 mL 480 + 100 = 580 mL
Client is experiencing anorexia related to cancer treatment. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement to increase the client's nutritional intake?
Add extra calories and protein to every meal Adding extra calories and protein to every meal will increase the clients nutritional intake.
A nurse is developing an education program about the glycemic index of foods for clients who have diabetes mellitus. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as having the highest glycemic index?
Baked potato According to evidence based practice, the nurse should identify that a baked potato has the highest glycemic index of these foods. The glycemic index of a baked potato is 90. Glycemic index is a tool used to rank foods according to the degree in which the food raises serum glucose levels.
A client reports constipation during a routine checkup. The client was previously encouraged to increase his intake of mineral supplements. Which of the following minerals is the cause?
Calcium Calcium can lead to constipation by decreasing peristalsis.
A nurse is education a group of women about vitamin and mineral intake during pregnancy. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the women to avoid taking at the same time as an iron supplement?
Calcium The nurse should instruct the client to take calcium and iron supplements at different times or between meals because calcium can interfere with iron absorption if taken tighter with meals.
A nurse is assessing a client who has an elevated BP. The client recently started taking an MAOI. The nurse should question the client regarding the consumption of which of the following foods?
Cheddar cheese Clients who take MAOI should avoid consumption of most types of cheese and other foods that contain high levels of tyramine which can lead to hypertensive crisis.
nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has COPD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Consume foods that are soft in texture and easy to chew
A nurse providing teaching to a client who has dumping syndrome and is experiencing weight loss. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
Consume liquids between meals The nurse should teach the client who has dumping syndrome to drink liquids between meals to slow movement of food from the stomach.
A nurse is planning to provide dietary teaching to a client who has chronic kidney disease and is prescribed hemodialysis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
Determine whether the client has culture-related food preferences. The first action the nurse should take using the nursing process is to assess the client. By determining the clients cultural preferences related to food, the nurse can incorporate the clients beliefs into the dietary plan.
A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypoglycemia.
Diaphoresis
A nurse is preparing a health promotion seminar for a group of clients about cancer prevention. Which of the following info should the nurse include in the seminar?
Eat at least 2.5 cups of fruits and vegetables each day The nurse should include in the teaching that clients should eat at least 2.5 cups of fruits and vegetables daily to help maintain body weight and reduce the risk for cancer of the lung and gastrointestinal system.
A nurse is planning a nutritional teaching for the parents of a toddler who has failure to thrive. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Eliminate environmental disruption during meals and schedule meal times (a calm, quiet controlled environment reduces distractions for the toddler so the focus remains on eating) Schedule meal times at the same time each day (a structured meal time routine reinforces positive eating habits and nutritional intake).
Nurse is updating a plan of care for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings and is experiencing diarrhea. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Feed the client in small, frequent volumes The nurse should administer the feedings in small, frequent volumes because a large volume or rapid feeding of the formula can cause diarrhea.
A nurse is assessing a client who is suspected of having lactose intolerance. Which of the following is an expected finding?
Flatulence Flatulence, bloating and cramping are expected findings associated with lactose intolerance.
A nurse is caring for a client who is at 8 weeks gestation and has a BMI of 34. The client asks about weight goals during her pregnancy. The nurse should advise the client to do which of the following?
Gain approximately 6.8 kg (15 lbs) The nurse should advise the client that based on her BMI, she should gain 4.9 to 9.1 kg (11-20 lb) during her pregnancy
A nurse is assisting a client who has dysphagia with an oral feeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Gently palpate the clients throat during swallowing (the nurse should gently palpate the clients throat during swallowing to assess the clients swallowing efforts by feeling the movement of the larynx) Inspect for food pockets in the mouth before feeding (the nurse should assess for food pockets before and after feeding the client using a tongue blade and penlight to monitor the clients ability to swallow effectively) Allow the client to rest for 30 min before meal time (the nurse should allow the client to rest before meals to increase his dietary intake and to decrease the risk of aspiration due to fatigue) Side note: don't position them in 45 degree angle semi Fowler's, it's 90 degree high Fowler's!
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for nifedipine. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
Grapefruit juice
nurse is providing information about cardiovascular risk to a client who has received his lipid panel report. Which of the following is within an expected reference range to include in the information
HDL 79 mg/dL An HDL level greater than 45 mg/dL for a male and greater than 55 mg/dL for a female is within the expected reference range. An HDL of 79 mg/dL indicate the client is at low risk for cardiovascular disease.
nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings indicates the client's plan of care is effective?
HbA1c 6.5%
A nurse is teaching a client about dietary recommendations during pregnancy. Which of the following statements indicates understanding?
I should gain 30 pounds during pregnancy since I am at an average weight. The nurse should teach the client whose weight is within the expected reference range to gain 11.3 to 15.9 kg (25-35 lb) during pregnancy.
A nurse is reviewing the intro of solid foods with a parent of a 4 month old infant. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates understanding of the teaching?
I will introduce a new solid food every 5 days The client understands that new food items should be introduced every 4 to 7 days to monitor for indications of food allergies.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new prescription for enteral nutrition by intermittent tube feeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Increase the volume of formula over the first four to six hours To promote tolerance of the enteral feeding, the nurse should increase the volume of formula over the first four to six feedings until the prescribed volume is achieved.
A nurse performing dietary teaching with a client who has a family history of cardiovascular disease. Which statement should the nurse include in her teaching?
Increase your daily fiber intake The nurse should instruct the client to increase his dietary fiber intake to decrease LDL cholesterol and reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke.
A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client who is postoperative following placement of a colostomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Increase your intake of foods containing pectin The nurse should instruct the client to consume foods that thicken the consistency of feces such as foods containing pectin.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following is an expected finding?
Increased serum glucose The nurse should expect an increased serum glucose level in a client who has pancreatitis due to decrease insulin production by the pancreas.
A nurse caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition through a peripherally inserted central catheter. The pharmacist informs the nurse that there will be a delay in delivering the next bag of TPN solution. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Infuse dextrose 10% in water when the current infusion ends. TPN contains high concentrations of dextrose and proteins. To avoid hypoglycemia, the nurse should infuse dextrose 10% or 20% in water until the next bag of TPN solution arrives.
A nurse is planing strategies to reduce the intake of solid fats for a client who has hyperlipidemia. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the plan?
Limit meat to 5 oz per day The nurse should include in the plan to limit meat consumption to 5 oz per day to help the client to control hyperlipidemia.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for Somogyi phenomenon?
Monitor blood glucose levels during the night. Somogyi phenomenon is fasting hyperglycemia that occurs in the morning in response to hypoglycemia during the nighttime. The nurse should assess for this phenomenon by monitoring blood glucose level during the night.
A nurse is planning care for a client who is obese and wants to lose weight. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Obtain a 24-hr dietary recall The first action the nurse should take using the nursing process is to obtain a diet history such as a 24 hr dietary recall as part of the assessment process to identify eating behaviors and dietary modifications.
A nurse is caring for a client who has advanced Parkinson's disease and dysphagia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Offer the client a high-calorie diet The nurse should add high calorie food to the clients diet because of muscular rigidity increase metabolic rate which increases caloric need.
A nurse is leading a discussion at a prenatal education class with a group of expectant mothers who plan to breastfeed. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Place 5 min feedings on each breast on the first day after birth
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous enteral feedings via an NG tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the risk of aspiration if the client develops abdominal distention?
Position the client on his right sideA
Nurse caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following laboratory findings indicates that the TPN therapy is effective?
Prealbumin 30 mg/dL
A nurse providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new ileostomy. Which of the following dietary guidelines should the nurse include?
Prepare meals on schedule The nurse should teach a client who has an ileostomy to prepare meals on a schedule to promote regular bowel elimination pattern.
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has HIV. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication to increase the client's nutritional intake?
Presence of the herpes simplex virus infection Secondary infection triggers inflammatory responses that increase the clients metabolic rate. Therefore, the nurse should identify the presence of herpes simplex virus infection as an indication to increase the clients nutritional intake.
A nurse in an acute care facility is planning for a client who has chosen to follow islamic dietary laws during Ramadan. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Provide a snack for the client after sunset During Ramadan, clients who follow Islamic dietary laws consume meals before and after sunset. The nurse should offer the client a snack or light meal after sunset.
A nurse is planning a dietary teaching for a client who has dumping syndrome following an gastrectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the clients plan of care?
Select grain with less than 2g fiber per serving Clients at risk for dumping syndrome better tolerate low fiber grains that contain less than 2 g fiber per serving to slow gastric emptying.
A nurse reviewing the lab results of a client who has a pressure ulcer. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is at risk for impaired wound healing?
Serum albumin 3.0g/dL The nurse should identify that this albumin level is less than the expected reference range of 3.5-5.0. Decreased albumin level is a manifestation of malnutrition and can increase the risk for poor wound healing and infection.
A nurse is teaching a client about managing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which of the following info should the nurse include?
Take peppermint oil during exacerbation or manifestations
A nurse in a long term care facility is monitoring a client who has Parkinson's disease during mealtime. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as priority?
The client drools while eating Drooling while eating can indicate that this client is at greatest risk of aspiration of food from dysphasia, which can lead to pulmonary complications; therefore, the nurse should identify this as the priority finding.
A nurse is assessing an older adult client for dysphagia following a stroke. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a manifestation of dysphagia?
The client has a change in his voice after eating The nurse should identify that hoarseness or a change in voice after eating is a manifestation of dysphasia because partially swallowed food can alter the clients voice.
A nurse is providing a teaching regarding diet modifications to a client who is at a high risk of a cardiovascular disease. The client is accustomed to traditional Mexican foods and wants to continue to include them in her diet. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse give the client?
Use canola oil instead of lard for frying The nurse should teach the client to use monounsaturated fats such as canola oil instead of saturated fats such as lard to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
A nurse caring for a client who is being treated for cancer using chemotherapy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse suggest to aid in the management of treatment-related changes in taste?
Use plastic utensils. Use plastic utensils to help minimize a metallic taste that often accompanies chemotherapeutic treatment.
A nurse is caring for a client who practices Orthodox Judaism and adheres to a kosher diet. Which of the following food choices would be appropriate for this client?
Vegetable salad with cheese Clients who adhere to a kosher diet can eat dairy products with non meat products at the same meal. They don't eat pork, combine dairy products with meat, or eat shellfish such as shrimp.