Nutrition and Drugs Final Ch. 10

People who choose bariatric surgery should have a BMI equal to or greater than______.

40

A ____ loss of excess body fat can increase HDL levels and reduce blood pressure.

5-10%

To successfully maintain weight loss, one should strive for an average of ______ minutes of exercise daily.

60

The energy released from food is captured in special compounds called ___.

ATP(adenosine triphosphate)

is an over-the-counter version of orlistat, a weight-loss medication that blocks the digestion of fat in the small intestine.

Alli Xenical Orlistat

Which FDA approved weight loss device involves opening a port on the abdomen and emptying some of the stomach contents into the toilet?

Aspire Assist

Where is your subscapular skinfold?

Back

___ medicine is the medical specialty that focuses on the treatment of obesity.

Bariatric

What method of measuring percentage body fat involves sending an electrical pulse through the body and measuring resistance?

Bioelectrical Impedence

What type of fat tissue has higher amount of blood flow and mitochondria to generate heat without using muscles?

Brown fat

What type of metabolic reactions break down compounds to their building blocks and produce energy?

Catabolic

All of the following are included in the energy for basal metabolism EXCEPT Blank______.

Digestion of food

All of the following are included in the energy for basal metabolism EXCEPT ______.

Digestion of food

Identify the components of energy output not involving basal metabolism.

Digestion of nutrients Physical activity Absorption of nutrients

Select some healthy ways to reduce total calorie consumption.

Eat less added sugar. Consume less alcohol. Eat less solid fats.

Choose healthy ways to lower the intake of calories.

Eat less added sugars. Avoid alcohol. Reduce solid fat intake.

Age, physical activity, weight and height are variables in the equation to calculate your total energy needs, known as your ___.

Estimated Energy Requirement.

According to the Set Point Theory individuals who lose significant amounts of weight are going to be successful at maintaining that weight loss.

False

Which of the following would NOT be part of your lean body mass?

Fat

A BMI of 18.5 - 24.9 is ___.

Normal/Healthy weight

Greater or Equal to 30

Obesity

A BMI of 25.0 - 29.9 is ___.

Overweight

Which of the following contribute to basal metabolism?

Respiration of the lungs Activity of the liver, brain, and kidney Heart function

___ is the sense that enough food or beverages have been consumed to satisfy hunger.

Satiety

Which of the following are features of a good weight loss program?

Social support Allows for dining in restaurants Physical activity

An individual goes to the doctor because they constantly feel cold and tired. She has also been gaining weight even though she eats the same amount of food. What organ/gland may be not functioning properly?

Thyroid

T/F: An underweight person will most probably gain weight as they age.

True

What hormone produced by the small intestine makes an individual want to stop eating?

YY

Jon has used all efforts to gain weight in order to achieve a healthy BMI but has not been successful. Which of the following philosophies should he adapt?

accept health benefits associated with underweight enjoy eating without weight gain accept his lean frame

A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that consuming just 3 shakes a day of their special formula nutritional shake is all you need to eat in order to lose weight. A more sound diet plan would______.

accommodate family and restaurant meals, parties, and other special occasions

You should be wary of a product that displays before and after photos because it is probably______.

advertising hype

"Lose weight while you sleep," "Lose 30 pounds in 30 days," and "Eat anything you want and still lose weight" are _____.

advertising hype that promises a quick and easy weight loss too good to be true

Binge eating, purging, food restriction, fluctuations in weight, feelings of distress, and extreme concern about body weight are all signs of______.

an eating disorder

A severe psychological disturbance characterized by self-imposed starvation is ___.

anorexia nervosa

A severe psychological disturbance characterized by self-imposed starvation that results in malnutrition and very low body weight is called _____.

anorexia nervosa

People with night eating syndrome experience food binges that _____ followed by purging behaviors.

are not

One way to prevent eating disorders is to encourage a person to challenge the idea that______.

being thin is ideal

The eating disorder that features recurrent episodes of overeating that are not followed by purging is called ___.

binge eating disorder

What is the numerical value that reflects body weight adjusted for height and is used to assess risk for chronic health problems?

body mass index

The severe psychological condition characterized by repeated episodes of binge eating followed by purging is called

bulimia nervosa

The severe psychological condition characterized by repeated episodes of binge eating followed by purging is called ___.

bulimia nervosa

The 3 main types of eating disorders include______.

bulimia nervosa anorexia nervosa binge-eating disorder

Instead of responding to hunger, many people eat because they are______.

depressed bored anxious

According to the National Weight Control Registry, people who have successfully lost weight and maintained the weight loss _____.

eat breakfast every day limit television watching to less than 10 hours per week eat low-calorie, low-fat diets exercise, on average, for 60 minutes each day weigh themselves at least once a week

Successful strategies for maintaining weight loss include______.

eating low-calorie diets eating breakfast daily

Examples of gimmicks used to promote fad diets include _____.

eliminating a food group such as a low-carbohydrate diet promoting one food such as with the grapefruit diet

Breaking the bonds within ATP releases _____.

energy

The capacity to perform work is termed ___.

energy

Which of the following best describes the energy balance equation?

energy input = energy output

When your calorie intake from food and beverages _____ your calorie output for basal metabolism, physical activity, and TEF, you are in energy equilibrium.

equals

What comprises the total body fat compartment?

essential fat adipose tissue

Which of the following are characteristics of an eating disorder?

extreme weight loss binge eating food restriction

Which fat distribution pattern is not associated with an increased disease risk?

fat storage primarily in the buttocks and thighs

Both ___ (nature) and the ___ (nurture) interact to influence a person's risk of becoming overweight.

genetics, environment

A person with a BMI _____ has a greater risk for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and CVD.

greater than 25

Which of the following is not an environmental influence on food consumption?

hunger

The technique used to measure the difference between the weight on a standard scale and that during submersion in water is called ___.

hydrostatic weighing

Just losing 5-10% of excess body fat has been linked to______.

improved glucose tolerance higher HDL cholesterol levels lower blood pressure

Efforts to prevent eating disorders focus on______.

improving self-confidence fostering body acceptance

A diet plan Ann found on the internet states, "Eat all you want and lose 10 pounds in 2 weeks." This statement does not agree with sound weight loss recommendations, such as______.

incorporate food from all food groups attempt for slow but steady weight loss meet your nutritional, psychological, and social needs

You are helping a good friend begin a weight-loss program because her blood pressure is elevated. What should you look for when helping her find a weight-loss program that will work for her?

incorporates a variety of common foods from all food groups meets nutritional, psychological, and social needs can be followed for a lifetime fosters slow but steady weight loss

A positive energy balance evidenced by decreased physical activity and increased calorie consumption all contribute to ______.

increased fat storage and obesity

Which is an example of a logical approach to weight loss?

increasing physical activity

Choose the weight loss devices that have been approved by the FDA.

intragastric balloons Aspire Assist Maestro Rechargeable System

You should be skeptical about a weight loss program that______.

is expensive does not employ appropriately trained professionals may require mandatory diet foods may require mandatory supplements

Binge eating involves consuming a _______ amount of food than most people would consume in a brief period of time.

larger

Which of the following environmental influences has contributed to greater calorie consumed, and perhaps, obesity?

larger portion sizes persuasive food marketing campaigns enticing desserts

A person who is overfat will weigh ___ underwater compared to a person who is lean.

less

Teens with eating disorders tend to think their parents are______.

less affectionate controlling

Fad diets______.

limits food selections from a few food groups offer a 'quick fix' to your weight problem rely on testimonials for evidence of effectiveness

Muscle dysmorphia occurs almost exclusively in______.

men

Psychological factors that can influence eating behaviors include______.

mood self-esteem

Children are ____ likely to become overweight or obese if their mothers were overfat prior to becoming pregnant.

more

An unhealthy preoccupation with the body not being sufficiently muscular is called ___.

muscle dysmorphia

Episodic food binges not followed by purging that take place after the evening meal and when the person wakes from sleep during the night is called

night eating disorder

All are true of central-body obesity EXCEPT

not linked with an increased health risk

Overweight and ___ are the two most common nutritional disorders in the United States.

obesity

A weight-loss medication currently approved by the FDA for long-term use is______.

orlistat

Individuals with eating disorders admit to having a ______ emotional connection to their family.

poor

The factors that encourage excess body fat stores and obesity include ______.

positive energy balance increased calorie consumption

The role of a dietitian in the treatment of someone with an eating disorder involves______.

providing medical nutritional therapy helping them avoid relapse during treatment developing a healthy eating pattern for them

A multidisciplinary group of experts for the treatment of eating disorders should include______.

psychotherapists registered dietitian physicians

The female athlete triad is characterized by______.

reduced bone density menstrual disturbances low energy availability

The need for women to have a higher body fat when compared to men is to maintain______.

reproductive functions estrogen production

The reasons some weight-loss programs are less desirable for the average dieter include the fact that they______.

require mandatory supplements do not employ appropriately trained professionals are expensive require mandatory diet foods

A healthy underweight person can add muscle mass by adding a(n) Blank______ program to their exercise routine.

resistance-training

a layer of fat located just below the skin's surface

subcutaneous fat

The body components that make up weight include fat-free mass and ___.

total body fat

Which of the following health problems is associated with excess weight?

type 2 diabetes

a layer of protective fat located under the abdominal muscles and hangs over the intestines

visceral fat

When calculating your estimated energy requirement, you will need to incorporate your______.

weight height age

The BMI is a numerical value based on the relationship between _____ and _____.

weight status disease risk

In the United States, overweight and obesity are______.

widespread nutritional problems that have reached epidemic proportions

Which populations are at an increased risk of developing female athlete triad?

women in competitive sports woman gymnasts girl dancers

Greater amounts of subcutaneous fat located below the waist is associated with______.

women with a "pear" body shape greater stress to hip and knee joints