Nutrition ATI Practice Questions

A nurse is calculating the protein needs of a young adult client who weighs 132 lb. The RDA for protein for an adult who has no medical conditions is 0.8 g/kg. How many grams of protein per day should the nurse recommend for this client? (Fill in the blank with the numeric value only.)

48

A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a protein deficiency. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) A.Mix powdered skim milk into liquid milk B.Add a raw egg to fruit smoothies C.Add a slice of cheese to hot vegetables D.Add honey to hot tea E.Mix yogurt into fresh fruit

A, C, E

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gout and urolithiasis. The client asks how to prevent future uric acid stones. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.) A.Take allopurinol as prescribed B.Exercise several times a week C.Limit intake of foods high in purine D.Decrease daily fluid intake E.Avoid citrus juices

A,B,C

A nurse is teaching a group of parents of toddlers about measures to reduce the risk of choking. Which of the following foods increase the risk of choking in toddlers? (Select all that apply.) A.Hot dogs B.Grapes C.Bagels D.Marshmallows E.Graham crackers

A,B,C,D

A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following disorders should the nurse identify as increasing the client's metabolic needs? (Select all that apply.) A.COPD B.Hypothyroidism C.Cancer D.Parkinson's disease E.Major burns

A,C,D,E

A nurse is teaching a group of clients about the functions of the liver and gallbladder. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as the purpose of bile? A.Digesting fats B.Producing chyme C.Stimulating gastric acid secretion D.Providing energy

A. Digesting fats

A nurse is caring for a client who has protein malnutrition. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as a source of complete protein? A.Eggs B.Cereal C.Peanut butter D.Pasta

A. Eggs

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has end-stage renal disease and reports fatigue. The client's hemoglobin level is 8 g/dL. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications? A.Erythropoietin B.Erythromycin C.Filgrastim D.Calcitriol

A. Erythropoietin

A nurse is providing nutritional counseling for a client who is pregnant. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client to increase in her daily diet? A.Iron B.Calcium C.Vitamin E D.Vitamin K

A. Iron

A nurse is teaching a client with chronic kidney disease about predialysis dietary recommendations. The nurse should recommending restricting the intake of which of the following nutrients? A.Protein B.Carbohydrates C.Calcium D.Monounsaturated fats

A. Protein

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia, gets up frequently to pace during meals, and eats sparingly. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A.Provide finger foods for the client B.Offer food at fewer times each day to promote hunger C.Administer a benzodiazepine medication to the client before meals D.Assist the client to sit still during meals using soft restraints

A. Provide finger foods for the client

A nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency of vitamin D. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client include in his diet? A.Whole milk B.Chicken C.Oranges D.Dried peas

A. Whole Milk

A nurse is teaching dietary-modification strategies to a client who has been newly diagnosed with cirrhosis. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? A.Grilled chicken B.Potato soup C.Fish sticks D.Baked ham

A. grilled chicken

A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following simple sugars should the nurse identify as the carbohydrate found in milk? A.Lactose B.Sucrose C.Maltose D.Fructose

A. lactose

A nurse in a pediatric clinic is talking with the parent of a toddler who states that her child will not sit at the table to eat with the family. She asks the nurse for recommendations for "finger foods" for her child. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest? A.Slices of ripe banana B.Popcorn C.Slices of hot dogs D.Raw carrots

A. slices of ripe banana

A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A."Fats provide energy." B."Carbohydrates repair body tissue." C."Fats regulate fluid balance." D."Carbohydrates prevent interstitial edema."

A."Fats provide energy."

A nurse is teaching a client with heart disease about a low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following client statements indicates the teaching was effective? A."I should remove the skin from poultry before eating it." B."I will eat seafood once per week." C."I should use margarine when preparing meals." D."I can use whole milk in my oatmeal."

A."I should remove the skin from poultry before eating it."

A nurse is assessing a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of protein-calorie malnourishment? (Select all that apply.) A.Gingivitis B.Dry, brittle hair C.Edema D.Spoon-shaped nails E.Poor wound healing

B,C,E

A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the medical records of a group of clients. Which of the following clients is at risk for iron deficiency? (Select all that apply.) A.A client who is postmenopausal B.A client who is a vegetarian C.A middle adult male client D.A client who is pregnant E.A toddler who is overweight

B,D,E

A nurse is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as an example of an incomplete protein? A.Eggs B.Soybeans C.Lentils D.Yogurt

C.Lentils

A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a vegan diet and is concerned about maintaining an adequate protein intake. Which of the following food servings should the nurse recommend due to the high amount of protein? A.1/2 cup tomato soup B.1/2 cup of hummus C.2 tablespoons of peanut butter D.1 cup penne pasta

B.1/2 cup of hummus

A nurse is planning an in-service training session regarding nutrition. Which of the following minerals should the nurse identify as involved in oxygen transportation? A.Zinc B.Iron C.Phosphorus D.Magnesium

B. Iron

A nurse is planning an in-service training session about various dietary practices. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A.Ovo-vegetarian diets exclude eggs. B.Kosher diets have restrictions regarding how the food must be prepared. C.Macrobiotic diets are plant-based and exclude all animals and seafood. D.Flexitarian diets exclude the consumption of dairy products

B. Kosher diets have restrictions regarding how the food must be prepared

A nurse is providing teaching to a young adult client who has a history of calcium oxalate renal calculi. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A."Drink fruit punch or juice with every meal." B."Consume 1,000 mg of dietary calcium daily." C."Take 1 g of a vitamin C supplement daily." D."Increase your daily bran intake."

B."Consume 1,000 mg of dietary calcium daily."

A nurse is completing dietary teaching with a client who has heart failure and is prescribed a 2 g sodium diet. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A."I should use salt sparingly while cooking." B."I can have yogurt as a dessert." C."I should use baking soda when I bake." D."I should use canned vegetables instead of frozen."

B."I can have yogurt as a dessert."

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has COPD about maintaining proper nutrition. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A."I will increase my fluid intake when I eat a meal." B."I will eat more cold foods at meals rather than hot foods." C."I will avoid high-fat foods like butter and gravies." D."I will cook my meals instead of eating convenience foods."

B."I will eat more cold foods at meals rather than hot foods."

A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. How many of the amino acids must be obtained from dietary intake? A.6 B.9 C.11 D.15

B.9

A nurse is planning dietary teaching for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first? A.Obtain sample menus from the dietitian to give to the client B.Ask the client to identify the types of foods she prefers C.Identify the recommended range of the client's blood glucose level D.Discuss long-term complications that can result from non-adherence to the dietary plan

B.Ask the client to identify the types of foods she prefers

A nurse in a provider's office is teaching a client about foods that are high in fiber. Which of the following food choices made by the client indicate an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A.Canned peaches B.White rice C.Black beans D.Whole-grain bread E.Tomato juice

C,D

A nurse is caring for a client from the Middle East who has celiac disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform regarding the client's diet? A.Provide foods prepared according to kosher dietary law B.Ask the kitchen to prepare grits to meet the client's dietary need for grains C.Determine the client's dietary preferences D.Prepare a diet tray that includes vegetable and barley soup

C.Determine the client's dietary preferences

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has constipation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A.Use bismuth subsalicylate regularly B.Consume a low-fiber diet C.Eat yogurt with live cultures D.Use bisacodyl suppositories regularly

C. eat yogurt with live cultures

A nurse is reviewing the dietary choices of a client who has chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following food items should the nurse suggest removing from the client's menu for the following day? A.White rice B.Broiled cod C.Ice cream D.Canned peaches

C. ice cream

A nurse is caring for a client who has a BMI of 29 and expresses a desire to lose weight. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A.Refer the client to a nutritionist B.Discuss eating strategies with the client C.Determine the client's intention to change current eating habits D.Instruct the client to perform 30 min of vigorous exercise daily

C.Determine the client's intention to change current eating habits

A nurse is caring for an infant who has gastroenteritis and is dehydrated. Which of the following characteristics places the infant at a higher risk of electrolyte imbalances compared to an adult client? A.Less extracellular fluid B.Reduced body surface area C.Longer intestinal tract D.Decreased rate of metabolism

C. longer intestinal tract

A nurse is caring for a client who has xerostomia with a lack of saliva. Which of the following nutrients will be affected by the lack of salivary amylase? A.Fat B.Protein C.Starch D.Fiber

C. starch

A nurse is caring for a client who has scurvy. Which of the following vitamin deficiencies should the nurse identify as the cause of this disease? A.Vitamin A B.Vitamin B3 C.Vitamin C D.Vitamin D

C. vitamin C

A nurse is providing teaching about nutritious diets to a group of adult women. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A."Include at least 3 g of sodium in your daily diet." B."Limit wine consumption to 230 mL daily." C."Include 2.5 cups of vegetables in your daily diet." D."Limit water intake to 1.5 L each day."

C."Include 2.5 cups of vegetables in your daily diet."

A nurse is providing teaching about nutrients to a client. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A."Carbohydrates transport nutrients throughout the body." B."Fats prevent ketosis." C."Protein builds and repairs body tissue." D."Carbohydrates help regulate body temperature."

C."Protein builds and repairs body tissue."

A nurse is providing teaching about calcium intake to a client who is breastfeeding. Which of the following is the recommended daily calcium intake for a client who is breastfeeding? A.800 mg B.400 mg C.1,000 mg D.2,000 mg

C.1,000 mg

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings through an NG tube. The specific gravity of the client's urine is 1.035. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A.Deliver the formula at a slower rate B.Request a lower-fat formula C.Provide more water with feedings D.Instill a lactose-free formula

C.Provide more water with feedings

A nurse is providing teaching about nutrition to an older adult client. The client asks, "Don't I need the same amount of nutrients that I did when I was younger?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A."Older adults need less protein." B."Older adults need an increased amount of carbohydrates." C."Older adults need an increased amount of iron." D."Older adults need an increased amount of calcium."

D. "Older adults need an increased amount of calcium."

A nurse is assessing a client's nutritional status. The nurse determines the client is consuming 500 calories more per day than his energy level requires. If his dietary habits do not change, how long will it take the client to gain 4.5 kg (10 lb)? A.10 months B.5 months C.5 weeks D.10 weeks

D. 10 weeks

A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticulitis and a new prescription for a low-fiber diet. Which of the following food items should the nurse remove from the client's meal tray? A.Canned fruit B.White bread C.Broiled hamburger D.Coleslaw

D. Coleslaw

A nurse is reviewing a client's 24 hr dietary recall. The client reports eating a slice of toasted white bread with butter, a banana, a glass of milk, and a cup of coffee for breakfast; grilled chicken, a baked potato, and a glass of milk for lunch; an apple and cheddar cheese for a snack; and 2 servings of chicken, 2 cups of steamed broccoli, and a glass of milk for dinner. This client's diet is deficient in which of the following food groups? A.Dairy B.Vegetables C.Fruits D.Grains

D. Grains

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer and reports a metallic taste in the mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse share with the client? A.Eat with metal utensils B.Limit coffee C.Avoid citrus foods D.Offer mints

D. Offer mints

A nurse is planning an in-service training session for a group of nurses regarding the role of enzymes in digestion. Which of the following enzymes plays a role in the digestion of protein? A.Amylase B.Lipase C.Steapsin D.Pepsin

D. Pepsin

A home health nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has neutropenia. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? A.Soft-boiled eggs B.Brie cheese made with unpasteurized milk C.Cold deli-meat sandwiches D.Baked chicken

D. baked chicken

A nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who adheres to Kosher dietary laws. Which of the following food selections should the nurse recommend? A.Baked pork chop B.Cheeseburger C.Ham and cheese omelet D.Grilled salmon

D. grilled salmon

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has dumping syndrome following gastric bypass surgery 4 days ago. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching? A.Avoid foods containing protein B.Drink liquids during each meal C.Eat foods that contain simple sugars D.Maintain a supine position after meals

D. maintain a supine position after meals

A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a child who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the guardian to omit from the child's diet? A.Cornflakes B.Reduced-fat milk C.Canned fruits D.Wheat bread

D. wheat bread

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for a low-sodium diet to manage hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A."I can snack on fresh fruit." B."I can continue to eat lunchmeat sandwiches." C."I can have cottage cheese with my meals." D."Canned soup is a good lunch option."

A. "I can snack on fresh fruit"

A nurse is caring for a client who has peripheral edema. The nurse should identify that which of the following nutrients regulates extracellular fluid volume? A.Sodium B.Calcium C.Potassium D.Magnesium

A.Sodium

A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-age child who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods selected by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? A.Corn tortilla with black beans B.Pizza C.Canned soup D.Hot dogs

A. corn tortilla with black beans

A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a gastrectomy. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include to help prevent dumping syndrome? A.Have the client drink plenty of water with meals B.Eliminate simple sugars and sugar alcohols from the client's diet C.Limit the client's intake to 2 meals per day D.Offer the client meals that are low in protein or protein-free

B.Eliminate simple sugars and sugar alcohols from the client's diet

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has chronic renal failure. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A.Canned soup B.Grilled fish C.Pastrami D.Peanut butter

B.Grilled fish

A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client. The nurse determines the client's body mass index is 21.2. This finding is classified as which of the following? A.Underweight B.Healthy weight C.Overweight D.Obese

B.Healthy weight

A nurse is conducting dietary teaching for a client who has AIDS. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A.Discard leftovers after 8 hr B.Use a separate cutting board for poultry C.Thaw frozen foods at room temperature D.Store cold foods at 10°C (50°F) or less

B.Use a separate cutting board for poultry

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client states, "I eat pasta every day. I can't imagine giving it up." Which of the following responses should the nurse provide? A."Let's discuss this with your doctor; giving up daily pasta may not be necessary." B."Is there another favorite dish you can substitute?" C."You don't have to give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat." D."You can use no-added-salt tomato products on your pasta."

C."You don't have to give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat."

A nurse is assisting a client who has dysphagia with eating meals. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A.Add water to soups for a thinner consistency B.Encourage using water to clear the client's mouth C.Ask the client to think of a food that produces salivation D.Remind the client to rest after meals

C.Ask the client to think of a food that produces salivation

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who is receiving enteral feedings. Which of the following values indicates a complication of enteral feeding that the nurse should report to the provider? A.Sodium 143 mEq/L B.Potassium 4.2 mEq/L C.BUN 25 mg/dL D.Glucose 185 mg/dL

C.BUN 25 mg/dL

A nurse is providing teaching about food choices to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A."I will need to eliminate sweet desserts from my diet." B."I should avoid using sucralose in my coffee." C."I should consume alcohol between meals in moderation." D."I should replace white bread with whole-grain bread."

D. "I should replace white bread with whole-grain bread"

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has protein-calorie malnutrition. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A.Decreased albumin B.Elevated hemoglobin C.Elevated lymphocytes D.Decreased cortisol

A. decreased albumin

A provider tells a client at 12 weeks gestation who practices Hinduism that she needs more protein in her diet and suggests eating more meat. After the provider leaves the examination room, the client tells the nurse that eating animal products will cause her to miscarry. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A."Let's discuss other foods that are also high in protein that you could substitute for meat." B."Eating meat during pregnancy provides necessary protein and does not cause miscarriage." C."Why do you think that eating animal products will cause you to have a miscarriage?" D."Your doctor is recommending what is best for you and your baby."

A."Let's discuss other foods that are also high in protein that you could substitute for meat."

A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with AIDS who has stomatitis of the mouth. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A."You can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth." B."Season food with spices instead of salt." C."Avoid the use of a straw to drink liquids." D."Eat foods at hot temperatures."

A."You can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth."

A nurse is teaching about a low-cholesterol diet to a client who had a myocardial infarction. Which of the following meal selections by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A.Chicken breast and corn on the cob B.Shrimp and rice C.Cheese omelet and turkey bacon D.Liver and onions

A.Chicken breast and corn on the cob

A nurse is caring for a client during her first prenatal visit and notes that she is lactose-intolerant. Which of the following foods should the nurse include on a list of calcium sources for this client? A.Collard greens B.Cottage cheese C.Orange juice D.Broccoli

A.Collard greens

A nurse is caring for a client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription for calcium supplements. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to promote calcium absorption? A.Fortified milk B.Ripe bananas C.Steamed broccoli D.Green leafy vegetables

A.Fortified milk

A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a new prescription for pravastatin to treat hyperlipidemia. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A.Pravastatin can be taken with grapefruit juice. B.Pravastatin can be continued during pregnancy. C.Pravastatin should be taken with the morning meal. D.Laboratory testing to monitor the client's WBC count is required

A.Pravastatin can be taken with grapefruit juice.

A nurse is teaching an assistive personnel (AP) about dietary restrictions for a client who is taking phenelzine to treat depression. The AP's selection of which of the following foods for the client's lunch indicates an understanding of the teaching? A.Bologna on wheat bread B.Chicken salad C.Cheddar cheese and crackers D.Pizza with pepperoni

B. Chicken salad

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A.Administer 0.9% sodium chloride until TPN is available from the pharmacy B.Check the client's capillary blood glucose level every 4 hr C.Obtain the client's weight each week D.Change the IV tubing every 3 days

B.Check the client's capillary blood glucose level every 4 hr

A nurse is conducting dietary teaching with a client who has a history of renal calculi. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A.Consume foods containing vitamin C B.Drink 3.8 L (4 qt) of water throughout the day C.Suggest almonds as a snack D.Limit sodium intake to 3 g per day

B.Drink 3.8 L (4 qt) of water throughout the day

A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A.Fat breaks down into amino acids. B.Protein serves as an energy source when other sources are inadequate. C.Glucose breaks down into ammonia. D.Carbohydrates provide 9 cal/g of energy.

B.Protein serves as an energy source when other sources are inadequate.

A nurse is teaching a client who has lactose intolerance about dietary modifications. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? A.Bread B.Soy cheese C.Luncheon meats D.Instant mashed potatoes

B.Soy cheese

A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a group of clients. Which of the following definitions for the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) should the nurse include in the teaching? A.The RDA is a comprehensive term that includes various dietary standards and scales. B.The RDA defines the level of nutrient intake that meets the needs of healthy people in various groups. C.The RDA defines the levels of nutrients that should not be exceeded to prevent adverse health effects. D.The RDA is the daily percentage of energy intake values for fat, carbohydrate, and protein.

B.The RDA defines the level of nutrient intake that meets the needs of healthy people in various groups.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of pernicious anemia. The nurse should expect the client's provider to prescribe which of the following medications for this client? A.Ferrous sulfate B.Epoetin alfa C.Vitamin B12 D.Folic acid

C. Vitamin B12

A nurse is talking with the parent of a preschool-aged child who tells the nurse, "My child has suddenly become disinterested in certain foods." Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A."During this phase, feed your child anything that she will eat." B."Increase the amount of calories and water your child consumes." C."Keep a diary of the foods your child eats each day." D."Provide a large variety of fruit juices for your child to choose from."

C."Keep a diary of the foods your child eats each day."

A nurse is providing postoperative teaching about the management of dumping syndrome to a client who had a partial gastrectomy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A."Consume at least 4 oz of fluid with meals." B."Take a short walk after each meal." C."Use honey to flavor foods such as cereal." D."Eat protein with each meal."

D."Eat protein with each meal."

A nurse is educating a client who is at 10 weeks gestation and reports frequent nausea and vomiting. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A."You should eat foods served at warm temperatures." B."You should brush your teeth right after you eat." C."You should try to eat sweet foods when you feel nauseated." D."You should eat dry foods that are high in carbohydrates when you wake up."

D."You should eat dry foods that are high in carbohydrates when you wake up."

A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering at home after inpatient treatment for burn injuries. To increase the protein density of the client's meals, which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to the client's caregiver? A.Use sour cream instead of plain yogurt B.Add honey to cooked cereals C.Use salad dressing in place of mayonnaise D.Add chopped hard-boiled eggs to soups and casseroles

D.Add chopped hard-boiled eggs to soups and casseroles

A nurse is planning care for a client who has AIDS and has developed stomatitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A.Rinse the mouth with chlorhexidine solution every 2 hr B.Limit fluid intake with meals C.Provide oral hygiene with a firm-bristled toothbrush after each meal D.Avoid salty foods

D.Avoid salty foods

A nurse is updating the plan of care for a client who has dumping syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A.Consume beverages with meals B.Eat 3 large meals per day C.Include high-fiber foods in the diet D.Eat a source of protein with each meal

D.Eat a source of protein with each meal

A nurse is planning care for a client who has anorexia and nausea due to cancer treatment. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? A.Serve foods at warm or hot temperatures B.Offer the client low-density foods C.Make sure the client lies supine after meals D.Limit drinking liquids with food

D.Limit drinking liquids with food

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for mouth cancer and reports a dry mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse provide? A.Offer graham crackers as a snack B.Avoid foods containing citrus C.Rinse the mouth with an alcohol-based mouthwash before eating D.Use gravies or sauces to soften food

D.Use gravies or sauces to soften food