Nutrition Chapter 1

When evaluating a nutritional study, which is the least important factor?

...

characteristic of a nutrient

All essential nutrients must be provided by dietary sources.

The three classes of energy-yielding nutrients are:

Lipid, Carbohydrate, and Protein.

sequence of steps in the scientific method

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiments, Theory

One important principle of a healthy diet is to eat a variety of foods. In this context, "variety" refers to:

choosing a variety of foods from within food groups as well as among food groups

Continued acceptance of a scientific theory depends on:

the ability of other scientists to duplicate the original research and results.

How many kcalories are provided by 2 grams of carbohydrates, 4 grams of fat and 8 grams of protein?

76 calories

How does broccoli compare with french fries in terms of energy (kcalories) and nutrient density?

Broccoli is more nutrient dense than french fries and provides less calories than french fries.

A researcher who wants to examine the possible effects of nutrient deficiency for a group of subjects would likely utilize what type of research design?

Depletion-repletion study

_________ may or may not prove the hypothesis to be true.

Experimental results

Why is eating a variety of foods important?

No one food can provide all the nutrients the body needs for optimal health.

performed by members of all six classes of nutrients

Regulate body processes

common source of anecdotal evidence

Testimony of individuals

A substance found in plants which cannot be made by the body and is not necessary to sustain life, but has healthful benefits, is:

a phytochemical.

yields energy but is not considered a nutrient

alcohol

What is the name of the study that compares nutrient intake with its excretion?

balance study

An understanding of the term malnutrition includes:

both an increase or decrease in the consumption of nutrients.

Eating turkey on Thanksgiving is an example of making a food choice based on:

cultural and family background.

If an individual decides not to eat meat and milk at the same time during a meal, this would be most likely based on:

cultural/religious values.

Approximately 1000 college students were asked to keep a record of what supplemental vitamins they took and how many colds they had over the course of a year. The amount of vitamin C consumed was compared with the students' incidences of colds. This is an example of a(an):

epidemiological study.

A famous runner reports having more energy after eating a certain type of power bar.

example of anecdotal information

Physiologic processes take place in the body to keep body temperature, heart rate, and blood sugar relatively constant. This stable state is called:

homeostasis

An educated guess made to explain an observation.

hypothesis

One group of individuals is asked to eat a diet high in fruits, vegetables and dairy foods while a second group of individuals is asked to eat a diet with lower amounts of fruits, vegetables and dairy foods. The two groups' blood pressure readings are monitored and compared. This is an example of a(an):

intervention study.

The energy provided by foods is measured in:

kilocalories

A measure of the nutrient content of a food compared to its energy content is referred to as:

nutrient density.

The discipline which explores the relationship between genetic variation and nutrition is called:

nutrigenomics

make an observation, develop a hypothesis, conduct the experiment, and form a theory

scientific method

imit the availability of food

-Socioeconomic status -Health status -Where a person lives

Intake of is ______ low and more ______ is consumed than expended.

-whole grains -energy