Nutrition Chapter 1 Quizzes

The body requires _____ types of nutrients.

6

_____________examine populations and are used to find correlations between two factors, and ____________ are a study design in which one group receives a treatment (experimental group) and another group receives a placebo (control group) and the outcomes between the two separate groups are compared.

Epidemiological studies controlled clinical trials

Malnutrition only occurs when there are nutrient deficiencies, such as in developing countries. a. True b. False

FALSE Malnutrition occurs when there are deficiencies, imbalances, and excesses of nutrients, alone or in combination.

___________ includes deficiencies, imbalances, and excesses of nutrients, alone or in combination, any of which can take a toll on health over time.

Malnutrition

A healthy diet can be characterized by adequacy, balance, calorie control, moderation, and variety. a. True b. False

TRUE

Bill eats one cup of yogurt every day for breakfast, lunch, and dinner, and he also eats candy for dessert. He exercises every day and never eats more calories than he burns. What characteristic of a nutritious diet does Bill's diet display? a. calorie control b. balance c. variety d. adequacy e. moderation

a. calorie control

Which factor is the primary driver of food choices by U.S. consumers? a. taste b. availability c. social pressure d. weight e. advertising

a. taste

Select the statement about micronutrients that is true. a. Micronutrients play no role in body structures. b. Micronutrients assist in all body processes. c. Micronutrients provide the body with energy. d. Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals, along with carbohydrates, protein, and fat.

b. Micronutrients assist in all body processes.

Identify the three energy-yielding nutrients. a. Fat, minerals, and vitamins b. Vitamins, minerals, and water c. Protein, fat, and carbohydrates d. Carbohydrates, vitamins, and protein

c. Protein, fat, and carbohydrates

Which action is most closely associated with the adoption/moving on stage of behavior change? a. Collect information about health effects of current behavior and potential benefits of change. b. Commit to making a change and set a date to start. c. Perform the new behavior. Manage emotional and physical reactions to change. d. After months or a year of maintenance without lapses, move on to other goals.

d. After months or a year of maintenance without lapses, move on to other goals.

What source of information is linked to nutrition quackery? a. Peer-reviewed journals b. Public health nutritionists c. Licensed dieticians d. Anecdotal evidence

d. Anecdotal evidence

Which statement is true about setting successful goals? a. Goals should be based on general, overall outcomes. b. Goals should be large and involve significant changes in order to be successful. c. Goals should be set based on pounds a person needs to lose. d. Goals should be set for specific behaviors.

d. Goals should be set for specific behaviors.

Which macronutrient can yield energy and provide materials that form structures and working parts of body tissues? a. Fat b. Carbohydrate c. Minerals d. Protein

d. Protein

Each of the following is true about valid nutrition information EXCEPT valid nutrition information is: a. unbiased. b. repeatable. c. well designed. d. fast.

d. fast.

All of these chronic diseases are connected to diet EXCEPT ________. a. heart disease b. diabetes c. cancers d. stroke e. None; All of these diseases are linked to diet.

e. None; All of these diseases are linked to diet.

Well over 80 percent of our population consumes too few servings of _________ and ________ each day.

fruits vegetables

_________ prevails as the number-one factor driving people's food choices.

taste

Select that list that accurately lists the six stages of behavior change in order. a. Adoption/Moving On, Maintenance, Action, Preparation, Contemplation, Precontemplation b. Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance, Adoption/Moving On c. Action, Contemplation, Adoption/Moving On, Maintenance, Preparation, Precontemplation d. Preparation, Action, Precontemplation, Contemplation, Maintenance, Adoption/Moving On

b. Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance, Adoption/Moving On

Which of the following Internet sources would be the best source for credible nutrition information? a. A self-governed internet encyclopedia b. Professional health organizations c. A blog d. E-mails reflecting personal opinions

b. Professional health organizations

Which environmental factor is most likely to have the greatest impact on a person's health? a. Heredity b. Stress c. Hemophilia d. Osteoporosis

b. Stress

Which of the six classes of nutrients is foremost in quantity and must constantly be replaced? a. Fat b. Water c. Vitamins d. Protein

b. Water

What are the only energy-yielding nutrients? a. fiber, fats, and protein b. carbohydrates, fats, and proteins c. carbohydrates, vitamin water, and minerals d. carbohydrates, minerals, and proteins e. fiber, carbohydrates, and vitamin water

b. carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Eating away from home (e.g., at a restaurant) can negatively impact a person's diet in all the following ways EXCEPT: a. eating away from home often increases intakes of sodium, fat, and added sugar. b. eating away from home limits food choices that appeal to omnivores. c. eating away from home reduces intakes of fruits and vegetables. d. eating away from home increases intakes of calories.

b. eating away from home limits food choices that appeal to omnivores.

Which of the following causes of death is directly related to nutrition? a. suicide b. stroke c. pneumonia and influenza d. Alzheimer's disease e. sickle-cell anemia

b. stroke

Which list most accurately represents the categories of nutrition and weight-related objectives included in the publication of Healthy People 2020? a. Mental Illness, Genetic Diseases, Weight Loss b. Tobacco Use, Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease c. Chronic Diseases, Food Safety, Maternal/Infant/Child Health d. Poverty, Substance Abuse, Malnutrition

c. Chronic Diseases, Food Safety, Maternal/Infant/Child Health

Identify benefits associated with combining regular physical activity with a nutritious diet. a. Increased risk of developing chronic diseases b. More muscle strain and loss of bone density c. Reduced body fat and increased lean tissue d. Decreased risk of developing sickle-cell anemia

c. Reduced body fat and increased lean tissue

What is the first step of the scientific method? a. Summarize, analyze, and interpret the data; draw conclusions. b. Develop a theory that integrates conclusions with those from numerous other studies. c. Formulate a hypothesis and make a prediction that can be tested. d. Identify a problem to be solved or ask a specific question to be answered. e. Design a study and conduct the research to collect relevant data.

d. Identify a problem to be solved or ask a specific question to be answered.

What type of research uses the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES)? a. case studies b. clinical studies c. laboratory studies d. epidemiological studies e. intervention studies

d. epidemiological studies

In terms of an individual's diet, how many stages of behavior change are typically described by psychologists? a. four b. ten c. nine d. six e. two

d. six

Which of the following is a Healthy People 2020 objective? a. Eliminate very high food security among children in U.S. households. b. Decrease the proportion of schools that require daily physical education for all students. c. Decrease the proportion of children, adolescents, and adults who are at a healthy weight. d. Increase vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, solid fats and added sugars. e. Increase the number of schools offering breakfast.

e. Increase the number of schools offering breakfast.

Once a weakness is identified, what is the next step in behavior change? a. Track progress. b. Move on to other goals. c. Collect information about health effects of current behavior. d. Set overall outcomes. e. Set small, achievable goals

e. Set small, achievable goals

A scoop of premium ice cream has 5 grams of protein, 21 grams of carbohydrate, and 22 grams of fat. How many total calories will this provide? a. 100 calories b. 302 calories c. 104 calories d. 48 calories e. 192 calories

b. 302 calories

Select the list of causes of death linked to nutrition. a. Kidney disease, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and heart disease b. Heart disease, cancers, strokes, and diabetes c. Pneumonia, lung disease, strokes, and kidney disease d. Diabetes, strokes, Alzheimer's disease, and cancers

b. Heart disease, cancers, strokes, and diabetes

Which statement about nutrient density is incorrect? a. A nutrient-dense food provides needed nutrients with relatively few calories. b. Ice cream is a good example of a nutrient-dense food. c. Fat-free milk is a good example of a nutrient-dense food. d. Nonstarchy vegetables are often high in nutrient density.

b. Ice cream is a good example of a nutrient-dense food.

Which food item will provide the most calories? a. 1 gram of butter (lipid) b. 1 gram of sugar (carbohydrate) c. 5 gram of salt (mineral) d. 3 gram of salt (mineral) e. 2 gram of sugar (carbohydrate)

a. 1 gram of butter (lipid)

Identify the person who would NOT be a credible nutrition expert. a. A person with a degree awarded based entirely on work or life experience b. A certified diabetes educator c. A person trained in medical nutrition therapy d. Registered dietitian nutritionist with a degree from an accredited college

a. A person with a degree awarded based entirely on work or life experience

What is the first step of the Scientific Method? a. Observation and question b. Hypothesis and prediction c. Results and interpretations d. Experiment

a. Observation and question

Select the list of convenience foods that are all nutrient-dense. a. Ready-to-cook fresh vegetables, canned beans, and frozen vegetables b. Canned beans, ramen noodles, and pastry sandwiches c. Ready-to-serve salads, potpies, and frozen pizza d. Yogurt, frozen vegetables, and frozen pizza

a. Ready-to-cook fresh vegetables, canned beans, and frozen vegetables

What is an essential nutrient? a. a nutrient that must be consumed in the diet b. a nutrient that is required for survival and is made by the body c. a nutrient that contains energy and vitamins d. a nutrient that is made by the body e. a nutrient that is required for survival

a. a nutrient that must be consumed in the diet

Which foods should form the basis of a nutritious diet? a. Ultra-processed foods that are highly palatable since they often contain added sugar, starches, fats, and salt b. Processed foods that include additives that may or may not be nutritious c. Whole foods that include ordinary milk and milk products; meats, fish, and poultry; vegetables and beans; fruits; and grains d. Fast foods that are available within minutes and at a low cost to suit busy lives

c. Whole foods that include ordinary milk and milk products; meats, fish, and poultry; vegetables and beans; fruits; and grains

Sarah has started reading books on weight loss and fitness and has decided she needs to improve her fruit consumption and physical activity. Sarah is in which stage of change? a. action b. precontemplation c. contemplation d. preparation e. maintenance

c. contemplation

Liquid formulas that have been introduced as "meal replacers" have been shown to ________. a. have a similar action as a diet containing only whole foods b. be better than a diet of real foods for many people because of their food choices c. have a limited use that is lifesaving for hospitalized patients who cannot eat ordinary foods d. help support growth and health without medical complications in severely ill patients e. be useful as supplements for adults whose diets are adequate but not varied

c. have a limited use that is lifesaving for hospitalized patients who cannot eat ordinary foods

What type of research is performed under tightly controlled conditions and designed to pinpoint causes and effects? a. intervention studies b. epidemiological studies c. laboratory studies d. case studies e. clinical studies

c. laboratory studies

A nutritious eating pattern should consist of each of the following characteristics EXCEPT: a. moderation. b. adequacy. c. monotony. d. calorie control.

c. monotony.

What characteristic or class best describes a carbohydrate? a. organic, nutrient-yielding, nonessential b. inorganic, essential c. organic, nutrient-yielding d. essential, organic e. inorganic, nutrient-yielding

c. organic, nutrient-yielding