Nutrition Chapter 1,2,3,4,6,8

Which organic label is equivalent to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) label?

Canda

Which vitamin will be listed on the new nutrition facts panel?

D

What are the recommendations for daily levels of nutrient intake for healthy persons called?

Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)

Which sources provide reliable nutrition information?

Registered Dietitians

What is the caloric value of a food containing 30 g carbohydrate, 20 G protein, and 2g fat

218 cal

What is the energy density of an 85 gram cookie that provides 585 calories?

6.9

What does the Federal Trade Commission focus regualtion efforts on

fraudulent claims made about products in advertisements

What does the Western diet often include

high fat foods

What does the Food and Drug Administration Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011 require

implementation of science based standards for the safe production and harvesting of fruits and vegetables

What is a reason for the 50% decline in heart disease over the past 30 years in the United States?

improvements in smoking, hypertensions, and elevated blood cholesterol levels

Key features that are encouraged in the 2015 Dietary Guidelines include a

increase in fiber consumption

The American Heart Association has concluded that to reduce heart related illnesses in Americans what must we do

increase physical activity and reduce obesity rates

trans fat and added sugars are _______ present in american diets

irritants

The scientific method

is a carefully planned process for answering a specific question

Which of the following is NOT a limitation to Myplate

it does not provide free access to educational materials

which of the following is a major proposed change to food labels

listing reality based serving sizes

What does a diet deficient in vitamin A eventually lead to?

loss of vision

Many chronic diseases related to diet choices are connected with what?

low vegetable and fruit intake

The FDA provides specific criteria for which term?

low-fat

Healthy dietary patterns should include regular consumption of what

low-fat dairy products

A_ carbon footprint from food production_ food security

low; increases

What results from an excess of lack of calories or nutrients

malnutrition

What foods are included in a healthy diet?

many different nutrient-dense foods

What is a calorie?

measurement of energy

What are the chemical changes that take place within and outside of cells collectively referred to as?

metabolism

What do the Healthy People 2020 objectives seek to do

minimize food insecurity

For animal products to be labeled organic, which of the following is true?

must be fed 100% organic feed

An essential nutrient is defined as one that

must be obtained through diet

A dietary supplement may contain a(n)

nutrient claim

Legislation has resulted in more of which types of foods being added to restaurant menus?

nutrient-dense foods

Which of the following best describes labeling laws regarding foods sold in a supermarket deli?

nutrition labeling of single fresh foods, like pears and cabbage is voluntary

What is one chronic health problem influence by nutrient gene interactions

obesity

What do the current dietary guidelines recommend

one-half dietary grain should be in the form of whole grain

Which of the following contain 4cal/g

protein and carbohydrate

Which of the following nutrients contains the most energy

raw fat

Registered Dietitian

recognized by the Commission of Dietetic Registration and have completed an internship

A study is statistically significant if the findings ________.

represent a result that is not due to chance

Diets high in what are related to the development of hypertension?

salt

Foods high in what pose the greatest risks to the health of Americans

saturated fat, sugar, and salt

Which of the following sources should you use in making nutrition decisions

scientific evidence

According to the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for American, current consumption of which nutrient is too high

sodium

The human body was built to function on a diet that is low in sugar and sodium, contains lean sources of protein, and is high in fiber, vegetables, and fruits. What evidence supports this?

studies that track how disease rates change as people adopt a western style of eating

What do profit-oriented companies often use to market their products

testimonials

Which of the following is NOT true regarding ingredient lists on food products?

the first ingredients listed must be the allergens in the product

Which of the following is true about industry-initiated labeling systems?

the labels generally follow science-based criteria

What is driving the rise in calorie labeling on menus in chain restaurants

the obesity epidemic

What is the most important step of a research study

the planning process

what is the primary weakness of food-industry backed labels

they are confusing to consumers

Which of the following is true about the Dietary Guidelines for Americans

they are science-based

Which of the following is true regarding national recommendations for diet and physical activity

they usually apply to those ages 2 years and older

What does the term enrichment mean on refined grains like pasta, bread, and cereals?

thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and iron have been added to the product

Why do the medial sensationalize and oversimplify nutrition-related stories

to increase viewer numbers

What must be listed on the nutrition facts panel?

trans fat

How can hunger be defined

unpleasant physical and psychological sensations that lead people to acquire and ingest food

The basic choosemyplate information contains_______the basic food groups

visual recommendations on how to fill your plate with

What will occur when energy intake is less than energy needs

weight loss

The market for nutrition products is driven by consumers' what?

wish for quick results

According to the my plate program, which are key foods to reduce

sodium and sugary drinks

When were the Dietary Guidelines first developed?

1980

What is a key influence on health that is under individual control?

food choices

A basic premise of dietary guidelines is that nutrient needs should be met through what

food consumption

Dietary thermogenesis accounts for approximately what percentage of total energy expenditure

10%

In approximately what percentage of US households does food insecurity exist?

12%

For someone who has an "active", non active, and average active lifestyle, what percentage of calories are needed for basal metabolism

75%,30%, and 50%

Which committee must grant prior approval to research human subjects

IRB

Which country has the highest life expectancy and which country has the lowest life expectancy?

Japan; United States

Which of the following is true about macronutrients?

Macronutrients are recommended at certain levels by Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs)

Which statement is true about portion sizes

Portion sizes may be responsible for the increased obesity rates in the United States

How can satiety be defined?

a feeling of fullness or of having had enough to eat

What is one previously advantageous survival mechanism that is now a detriment?

a preference for sweet foods

What are dietary supplements treated as by the FDA

a special category of food

The average American intake of what is too high compared to the acceptable range

added sugars

Which main characteristics do healthful diets share

adequacy and variety

What is the body unable to store an excess of for very long?

amino acids

The science of nutrition is best describes as what

an interdisciplinary subject

What is defined as the desire to eat aroused by thoughts, taste, and enjoyment of food

appetite

Bisphenol A, a softening compound that makes plastic flexible, is ________.

banned in food and drink containers for infants

What are the three major components of total energy expenditure in the body

basal metabolism, physical activity, and dietary thermogenesis

People may choose organic foods because they have been shown to ________.

be free of GMO ingredients

Knowledge of how food preferences develop and change is obtained by which type of studies?

behavioral and social science

What does nutrition encompass?

biological processes impacted by food, the effects of diet on health, and food choices

Nutrition is a "melting pot" science. Which sciences propose and explain diet and disease relationships?

biological, chemical, physical, food sciences

What is an instrument that is used to measure the caloric value of foods called

bomb calorimeter

What doe energy nutrients include?

carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Dietary risk factors in Americans share an association with what

chronic inflammation and oxidative stress

What are Dietary Reference Intakes based on

consensus of scientific opinion

Hunter-gatherers______calories than modern Americans

consume and burn more

What is basal metabolism?

energy required to maintain normal body functions while at rest

What is dietary thermogenesis

energy use related to food ingestion

Which type of study information should be collected?

evidence that both supports and refuted the question