Nutrition - Chapter 7 - Proteins

Identify the different levels of protein organization...

Tertiary structure, quaternary structure, secondary structure, and primary structure.

Proteins that are ____ need not to be consumed at the same meal but can be balanced over the course of a day to provide sufficient essential amino acids,

Complementary

What is it called when two sources of protein combine to form a complete protein, whereas by themselves, they supply an inadequate amount of essential amino acids?

Complementary protein

There are 9 ____ amino acids that cannot be produced by the body and must be consumed as part of our diet.

Essential

Blood proteins have what type of influence on body fluids?

Help to maintain body fluid

Amino acids are important in the synthesis of many ____, such as insulin and glucagon.

Hormones

There are a total of ____ nonessential amino acids that the body needs in order to function.

11

The body links ____ acids with peptide bonds to form proteins.

Amino

A(n) ____ is composed of 4 elements: a nitrogen, an acid, a hydrogen, and a side group.

Amino acid

What is the term used for the building blocks for proteins?

Amino acids

When a person has a protein deficiency it can result in immune incompetence called ____.

Anergy

Which of the following occurs with inadequate consumption of protein?

Edema can develop/Protein concentration in the blood drops.

When excess protein is consumed, it can be used for ____ or other purposes.

Energy

Animal proteins are a good source of all 9 ____, or indispensable, amino acids.

Essential

A high-protein diet can affect the kidneys by...

Increasing the production of urea

Pulses are a group of 12 crops, including...

Peas, beans and lentils

A(n) ____ bond is a chemical bond formed between single amino acids in a protein.

Peptide

The liver and kidneys must work hard to derive energy from the nutrient ____, which makes it a costly energy source of calories.

Protein

The nutrient that serves in the regulation and maintenance of the human body by aiding in fluid balance, cell synthesis and repair, hormone and enzyme production, and visual processes is...

Protein

A(n) ____ usually accompanies a deficiency of calories and nutrients.

Protein deficiency

Almost all enzymes are ____.

Proteins

Which nutrient plays a vital role in providing structural support to body cells and tissues?

Proteins

All of the following are components that make up an amino acid except...

Sodium

The amino group is in what form in the urine?

Urea

This is a measurement of how efficiently the absorbed food protein is converted into body tissue protein...

Biological value

An amino acid without an amino group is called a...

Carbon Skeleton

_____ is a measure of how efficiently the absorbed food protein is converted into body tissue protein.

Biological Value

The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food or diet relative to body needs is the...

Limiting amino acid

An essential amino acid

Must be included in the diet or a deficiency will occur/Cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts.

A(n) ____ protein balance occurs when a person consumes less protein than is needed.

Negative

Amino acids are unique among the energy-yielding nutrients because they contain...

Nitrogen

Proteins serve which of the following functions?

Proteins play a role in enzyme and hormone production/Proteins aid in cell synthesis/Proteins regulate and maintain essential body functions.