Nutrition Exam 5

What is the recommended daily calcium intake for young adults?

1000 mg

What is the calcium UL (mg/day) for college-aged adults?

2,500

Which of the following events is specific to a salt-sensitive individual?

Blood pressure increases as salt intake rises

Which of the following types of drinking water contains the lowest amount of minerals?

Distilled water

What is another term for hypertension?

High Blood Pressure

What adverse response is known to occur in people who drink copious amounts of water while participating in intense physical activity?

Hyponatremia

Which of the following is a symptom of potassium deficiency?

Muscle weakness

What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?

Processed foods

Which of the following is a general property of the minerals?

When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash

Aldosterone and renin each function to promote

retention of sodium.

A person's highest bone density is achieved by around age (years)

30

Which of the following is NOT a feature of body weight and bone health?

A low-calcium diet promotes similar bone loss in normal and overweight people

Which of the following is a feature of magnesium in nutrition?

Average intakes from food are below recommendations

What is the major extracellular cation?

Sodium

In a healthy individual with a daily requirement of 500 mg sodium, what would be the sodium balance after an intake of 10 g of common salt?

Equilibrium

Which of the following is a characteristic of caffeine intake and water balance?

Habitual consumers of caffeine lose almost no more fluid from the body than when ingesting noncaffeinated beverages

Which of the following is NOT known to be a risk factor for osteoporosis in men?

High BMI

Which of the following represents the least likely cause for an abnormal blood calcium level?

Insufficient dietary intake

Which of the following is a feature of the minerals in nutrition?

Once minerals enter the bloodstream, they remain in the body until excreted

Among the following calcium supplements, which is most calcium-dense?

Calcium carbonate

The average daily loss of water via the kidneys, lungs, feces, and skin is approximately

0.5 to 1.5 liters.

Which of the following is a major function of magnesium?

Catalyst in energy metabolism

The magnesium present in mineral water has a bioavailability of about

50%.

For optimal utilization of calcium supplements, it is best to take them several times a day, in doses up to

500 mg

Approximately how much water (lbs) is found in a 134-lb person?

80

Anabolic drug treatments for osteoporosis work chiefly by

enhancing osteoblast activity.

Why are salt tablets generally not recommended for people engaged in physical activity?

They can induce dehydration

The disorder "dowager's hump" is associated with a long-term deficiency of

calcium

Which of the following does NOT play an important role in acid-base balance?

The liver

The outer, hard shell of bone is called

cortical bone.