Nutrition Exam

A school nurse is teaching a high school health class about the possible causes of a negative nitrogen balance. Which of the following causes should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply) A. Illness B. Malnutrition C. Adolescene D. Trauma E. Pregnancy

A. Illness, B. Malnutrition, D. Trauma are all possible causes of negative nitrogen balance. The others are positive nitrogen balances.

A nurse is teaching a group of female clients about risk factors for developing osteoporosis. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include? (Select all that apply) A. Inactivity B. Family history C. Obesity D. Hyperlipidemia E. Cigarette smoking

A. Inactivity, B. Family history D. Hyperlipidemia and E. Cigarette smoking All can increase incidents of osteoporosis Weight loss, not obesity causes a decreased calcium intake and hyperlipidemia doesn't affect the bones

A charge nurse is conducting a nutritional class for a group of newly licensed nurses regarding basal metabolic rate (BMR). The charge nurse should inform the class that which of the following factors increase BMR? (Select all that apply) A. Lactation B. Prolonged stress C. Malnutrition D. Puberty E. Age older than 60 years

A. Lactation B. Prolonged Stress & D. Puberty all increase BMR (The others inhibit it)

A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following simple sugars should the nurse identify as the carbohydrate found in milk? A. Lactose B. Sucrose C. Maltose D. Fructose

A. Lactose

A nurse is performing a nutrition assessment on a client. Which of the following clinical findings are suggestive of malnutrition? (Select all that apply) A. Poor wound healing B. Dry hair C. Blood pressure 130/80 mm Hg D. Weak hand grips E. Impaired coordination

A. Poor wound healing B. Dry hair D. Weak hand grips E. Impaired coordination All describe changes reflective in malnutrition

A nurse is conducting a nutritional class on minerals and electrolytes. The nurse should include which of the following foods is a major source of magnesium? A. Tuna B. Tomatoes C. Eggs D. Oranges

A. Tuna and Halibut are major sources of magnesium

A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a vegan diet and is concerned about maintaining an adequate protein intake. Which of the following food servings should the nurse recommend due to the high amount of protein? A. 1/2 cup tomato soup B. 1/2 cup of hummus C. 2 tablespoons of peanut butter D. 1 cup penne pasta

B. 1/2 cup of hummus because it contains 9.7g of protein per 1/2 cup - peanut butter has 7.11 g of protein per 2 tablespoons.

A nurse on an orthopedic unit is reviewing data for a client who sustained trauma in a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following values indicates the client is in a catabolic state (using protein faster than protein is being synthesized)? A. Blood albumin 3.5 g/dL B. Negative nitrogen balance C. BMI of 18.5 D. Blood prealbumin 15 mg/dL

B. A negative nitrogen balance indicates protein is being used at a greater rate than synthesized as in starvation or catabolic state

A nurse is educating a client who has anemia about dietary intake of iron. Which of the following is a non-heme source of iron? A. Ground Beef B. Dried Beans C. Salmon D. Turkey

B. Dried beans - All the other sources come from animals and are heme; plant sources are non-heme

A nurse is planning an in-service training session about various dietary practices. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Ovo-vegetarian diets exclude eggs B. Kosher diets have restrictions regarding how the food must be prepared C. Macrobiotic diets are plant-based and exclude all animals and seafood D. Felxitarian diets exclude the consumption of dietary products.

B. Kosher diets have restrictions on how the food must be prepared. Kosher has a set of laws regarding processing, preparation and eating of food.

A nurse is reviewing prescribed medications for a newly admitted client. Which of the following medications increases the body's rate of metabolism? A. Morphine B. Levothyroxine C. Phenobarbital D. Dilaudid

B. Levothyroxine is used for hyperthyroidism and increases the body's rate of metabolism

A nurse is distinguishing health problems associated with nutrient deficiencies with a group of clients. Which of the following conditions is associated with a deficiency of vitamin C? (Select all that apply) A. Dysrhythmias B. Scurvy C. Pernicious anemia D. Megaloblastic anemia E. Bleeding gums

B. Scurvy & E. Bleeding gums both result from vitamin C deficiencies

A nurse is discussing how the body processes food with a client during a routine provider's visit. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A. Glycerol can be broken down into glucose for use by the body. B. The liver converts unused glucose into glycogen C. Excess fatty acids are stored in the muscle tissue D. The body uses glycogen for fat before using available ATP

B. The liver converts unused glucose into glycogen, which is stored in the muscle tissue and liver for later use.

A nurse is reviewing dietary recommendations with a group of clients at a health fair. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A. "Fats should be 5% to 15% of daily calorie intake" B. "Make protein 10% to 35% of total calories each day" C. "Consume 1,500 mL of water from liquids and solids daily" D. "The body needs 40mg of iron each day"

B. The recommendation for protein intake is 10% to 35% of total daily calories.

A nurse in a nutrition clinic is calculating body mass index (BMI) for several clients. The nurse should identify which of the following client BMIs as overweight? A. 24 B. 30 C. 27 D. 32

C. 27 Healthy is 18.5-24.9 Overweight 25-29.9 Obese excess 30

A nurse is caring for a client who has a BMI of 29 and expresses a desire to lose weight. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Refer the client to a nutritionist B. Discuss eating strategies with the client C. Determine the clients intention to change current eating habits D. Instruct the client to perform 30 minutes of vigorous exercises daily

C. Determine the clients intention to change current eating habits. When using the nursing process the nurse should first assess the clients readiness and commitment to change.

A nurse is talking with the parent of a preschool aged child who tells the nurse, "My child has suddenly become disinterested in certain foods." Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A. "During this phase, feed your child anything that she will eat" B. "Increase the amount of calories and water your child consumes" C. "Keep a dairy of the foods your child eats each day" D. "Provide a large variety of fruit juices for your child"

C. Keep a diary of the foods your child eats.

A nurse is providing teaching about nutrition to an older adult client. The client asks, "Don't I need the same amount of nutrients that I did when I was younger?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "Older adults need less protein." B. "Older adults need an increased amount of carbs" C. "Older adults need an increased amount of iron" D. "Older adults need an increased amount of calcium"

D. Older adults need an increase amount of calcium as well as vitamin D, B12 and A.

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has dumping syndrome following a gastric bypass surgery 4 days ago. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Avoid foods containing protein B. Drink liquids during each meal C. Eat foods that contain simple sugars D. Maintain a supine position after meals

D. Maintain supine position after meals to help slow the rapid emptying of food into t he small intestine.

A nurse is discussing foods that are high in vitamin D with a client who is unable to be out in the sunlight. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? A. 1 cup of steamed long-grain brown rice B. 6 medium raw strawberries C. 1/2 cup boiled Brussel sprouts D. 2 large, poached eggs

D. 2 large, poached eggs - Eggs are high in vitamin D

A nurse is updating the plan of care for a client with dumping syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Consume beverages with meals B. Eat 3 large meals per day C. Include high fiber foods in the diet D. Eat a source of protein with each meal

D. Eat a source of protein with each meal because it delays gastric emptying

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for mouth cancer and reports dry mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse provide? A. Offer graham crackers as a snack B. Avoid foods containing citrus C. Rinse the mouth with an alcohol based mouthwash before eating D. Use gravies or sauces to soften food.

D. Use gravies or sauces to soften food, to make them easier to eat.