Nutrition Midterm 4-6

Which of the following is true of cholesterol? a. The body makes all of it we need. b. It is only found in plant-based foods. c. We should aim to consume 1000 mg/day. d. It has no function in the human body.

A

Which of the following lipids makes up most of the fat in the diet and in the body? a. triglycerides b. cholesterol c. phospholipids d. sterols

A

You consume 55 grams of added sugar and eat 1600 total calories. Is this within the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans' recommended limit for added sugar? a. No - 55 grams is over the limit of kcals from added sugar b. Yes - 55 grams is within the limit of kcals from added sugar c. There is no limit for added sugar in the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans

A

A burn victim would most likely be in: a. Positive Nitrogen Balance b. Negative Nitrogen Balance c. Nitrogen Equilibrium

B

A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with 3 fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol is a: a. diglyceride. b. triglyceride. c. phospholipid. d. monoglyceride.

B

A disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose. A. Glycogen B. Lactose C. Fructose D. Glucose

B

A fatty acid with two or more double bonds is described as: a. monounsaturated b. polyunsaturated c. saturated d. emulsified

B

A meal supplies 110 g of carbohydrates, 25 g of protein, and 20 g of fat. What percent of calories in this meal comes from carbohydrates? a. 72% b. 61% c. 14% d. 25%

B

A growing teenager would most likely be in: a. Positive Nitrogen Balance b. Negative Nitrogen Balance c. Nitrogen Equilibrium

A

A pregnant women would most likely be in: a. Positive Nitrogen Balance b. Negative Nitrogen Balance c. Nitrogen Equilibrium

A

Carbohydrates' primary function in the body is to: a. provide energy b. provide material for synthesizing cell walls c. synthesize fat d. insulate the body to prevent heat loss

A

Fat accumulation in the liver and fluid that results in a swollen abdomen is a symptom of which type of malnutrition: a. kwashiorkor b. marasmus

A

How much trans fats should you include in your diet? a. As little as possible b. At least 10% of your kcals c. No more than 10% of your kcals d. Between 20-35% of your kcals

A

In type-1 diabetes, little to no insulin is produced by the body. a. True b. False

A

Intake of trans fat both raises blood cholesterol and increases the risk of heart disease. a. True b. False

A

Most people in the United States consume at least the DRI for protein. a. True b. False

A

Potatoes, beans, and milk are rich sources of carbohydrates. a. True b. False

A

Protein is a secondary source of energy. Its primary function is to: a. build, maintain, and repair the body. b. provide essential water-soluble vitamins. c. produce essential fatty acids.

A

Sickle-cell disease is an example of a mistake in the amino acid sequence. a. true b. false

A

Sirloin Steak a. Complete b. Complementary c. Incomplete

A

The storage form of carbohydrate in liver and muscle. A. Glycogen B. Lactose C. Fructose D. Glucose

A

The stored form of carbohydrate in the human body in the liver and muscle is called: a. glycogen b. insulin c. fat d. muscle

A

What differentiates one amino acid from another? a. The side chain b. The central carbon atom c. The number of oxygen atoms d. The number of nitrogen atoms

A

When two amino acids are chemically joined together, the resulting structure is a: a. dipeptide. b. diglyceride. c. polypeptide. d. polysaccharide.

A

When would insulin levels be the highest? a. after a meal b. before bathing c. after drinking water d. after fasting

A

Which of the following is also known as blood sugar? a. Glucose b. Maltose c. Sucrose d. Fructose

A

An essential amino acid: a. is not necessary to the diet b. must be supplied by the diet c. can be made from glucose in the body d. can be made from fat in the body

B

Approximately how many grams of fat would you consume from an 800 kcalorie meal if 50% of the kcalories are from carbohydrate, 25% from protein, and the remaining 25% are from fat? a. 15 b. 22 c. 29 d. 50

B

Black Beans & Rice a. Complete b. Complementary c. Incomplete

B

High levels of this type of blood cholesterol may lead to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease a. HDL. b. LDL. c. Monoglycerides. d. None of the above.

B

Lactose intolerance is the same thing as an allergy to milk. a. True b. False

B

Protein-energy malnutrition is common in developed countries like the United States. a. True b. False

B

Proteins differ from the other energy nutrients because they contain: a. glycerol b. nitrogen c. fatty acids d. carbon

B

What are the 3 main hormones associated with maintaining blood glucose levels? a. estrogen, progesterone, and FSH b. insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine c. insulin, estrogen, and testosterone d. glucagon, epinephrine, and growth hormone

B

When blood glucose levels drop too low, the hormone produced by the pancreas that increases blood sugar is called: a. insulin c. progesterone b. glucagon d. testosterone

B

Which is the bigger factor in your overall health outcomes? a. Genetics b. Lifestyle

B

Which of the following combinations of foods would contain the highest amount of carbohydrates? a. 6 olives and 1 ounce feta b. 1 cup blueberry yogurt and ½ cup granola c. 2 eggs and 1 ounce of cheese d. 6 ounces of steak and ½ cup broccoli

B

Which of the following is true of phospholipids? a. Phospholipids contains 3 fatty acids b. Phospholipids are soluble in both water and fat c. Phospholipids make up most of the fat in food and in the human body d. All of the above are true of phospholipids

B

Which of the following vegetable products is primarily composed of saturated fat? a. olive oil b. coconut oil c. canola oil d. soybean oil

B

You consume a soda that contains 68 grams of sugar. Approximately how many teaspoons of sugar did you consume in this beverage? a. 27 b. 17 c. 6 d. 4

B

What organ responds to high blood glucose levels concentration by releasing the hormone insulin? a. Brain b. Liver c. Muscle d. Pancreas

D

What percent of calories in this meal comes from fat? a. 72% b. 61% c. 14% d. 25%

D

What type of nutrient is starch? a. Fiber b. Protein c. Simple carbohydrate d. Complex carbohydrate

D

When you are under physical stress (example: being chased by a wooly mammoth) what hormone is released quickly to increase blood glucose concentration? a. Insulin b. Secretin c. Progesterone d. Epinephrine

D

Because they contain all the amino acids we need, animal proteins are considered a. complementary. b. non-essential. c. lysine. d. complete.

D

Fat functions in the body to: a. provide energy b. protect the body's vital organs from shock c. insulate the body against temperature extremes d. all of the above

D

Marasmus is characterized by: a. Weight of less than 60% of ideal b. Weakness and apathy c. Thin, dry hair d. All of the above

D

The primary disaccharide in milk is: a. galactose b. fructose c. sucrose d. lactose

D

A carton of ice cream contains the following list of ingredients: heavy cream, nonfat milk, fructose syrup, pecans, cellulose, caramel color, aspartame. Which of these ingredients represents the most added sugar? a. pecans b. heavy cream c. fructose syrup d. cellulose

C

A client consumes 2000 kcalories per day and wants to consume 50% of her calories from carbohydrates. How many grams of carbohydrates should she try to consume? a. 220 b. 145 c. 250 d. 160

C

A desirable intake of fiber for most people is within ______ grams per day. a. 10-15 b. 15-20 c. 25-40 d. 35-50

C

A healthy adult male would most likely be in: a. Positive Nitrogen Balance b. Negative Nitrogen Balance c. Nitrogen Equilibrium

C

A monosaccharide known as fruit sugar. A. Glycogen B. Lactose C. Fructose D. Glucose

C

Americans are urged to eat more fish due to its high content of: a. monounsaturated fat b. HDL-cholesterol c. omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids d. vitamin A

C

Bananas a. Complete b. Complementary c. Incomplete

C

Cellulose, pectin, hemicellulose, and gums are: a. artificial sweeteners b. sugar alcohols c. fibers d. sugars

C

Connie wants to increase her dietary intake of omega-3- fatty acids in an effort to prevent heart disease. Which of the following would be the best recommendation for her to increase her omega-3 fats? a. Increase her consumption of vegetable oils. b. Take vitamin D supplements. c. Eat at least two servings of fatty fish each week. d. Eat more fruits.

C

For enzymes to digest lipids in the small intestines, ________ must first emulsify the fat leaving the stomach. a. lingual lipase c. bile b. gastric lipase d. pancreatic lipase

C

Jack has heard reports that diets using margarine instead of butter raises blood cholesterol levels and increases the risk of heart disease because of trans fats in margarine products. Jack is confused with all of the media information provided. Poor Jack. Which of the following would be the most helpful advice for Jack? a. Use margarine instead of butter because it contains no cholesterol and protects against heart disease. b. Always use butter instead of olive oil. c. Include a variety of healthy fats like olive and walnut oils, maintain a healthy weight to prevent heart disease, and be physically active for at least 150 minutes per week.

C

The term "unsaturated fat"; means that: a. the fat lacks glycerol b. the fat contains glycerol plus 4 fatty acids c. hydrogens are missing in the fatty acid chain, resulting in at least one C=C double bond d. the fat is solid at room temperature

C

What is the AMDR for carbohydrates? a. 10-35% b. 20-35% c. 45-65% d. There is no AMDR for carbohydrates

C

What percent of calories in this meal comes from protein? a. 72% b. 61% c. 14% d. 25%

C

Which food would be the richest source of insoluble fiber? a. olive oil b. pork products c. celery d. Cheese

C

Which of the following describes a fatty acid that has one double bond? a. Saturated b. Hydrogenated c. Monounsaturated d. Polyunsaturated

C

Which of the following is a simple carbohydrate? a. starch b. glycogen c. sucrose d. cellulose

C

patient suffering from protein deficiency has edema (swelling as a result of fluid retention). This is an example of protein's role in: a. supporting growth and maintenance. b. building enzymes and hormones. c. maintaining fluid balance. d. maintaining acid-base balance.

C

A change from butter to olive oil would: a. decrease the amount of saturated fat consumed. b. increase the amount of monounsaturated fat consumed. c. decrease the amount of cholesterol consumed. d. all of the above.

D

A simple sugar also known as blood sugar. A. Glycogen B. Lactose C. Fructose D. Glucose

D

Based on the RDA, what is the minimum amount of protein that a 130-pound woman would need to consume? a. 60 grams per day b. 13 grams per day c. 130 grams per day d. 47 grams per day

D

Which is a health benefit of consuming soluble fiber? a. It may lower blood cholesterol. b. Fiber promotes healthy digestion. c. Fiber slows gastric emptying and prolongs satiety (feeling of fullness). d. All of the above are benefits of consuming fiber.

D

Which of the following disaccharides is made correctly? a. glucose + fructose = maltose b. glucose + glucose = galactose c. glucose + galactose = fructose d. glucose + glucose = maltose

D

Which of the following is a disaccharide? a. starch b. galactose c. glucose d. sucrose

D

You are aiming to consume fewer than 10% of your calories from saturated fat. If you consume 2500 kcals per day, how many grams of saturated fat should you include? a. 100 b. 63 c. 250 d. 28

D

You can consume more monounsaturated fats in your diet by choosing which of the following more often? a. Butter b. Pork chops c. Coconut oil d. Avocados

D

What steps can you take to reduce your risk of heart disease and improve your wellness? a. Get enough sleep b. Exercise at least 150 minutes per week c. Consume at least 5 cups of fruits and veggies each day d. If you are a smoker, quit smoking e. All of the above

E