Nutrition Quiz #4: Water

True or False: enhanced waters are healthier than plain water.

False. Enhanced waters such as vitamin waters typically contain additional kilocalories. To maintain hydration, plain water is just as healthy and much cheaper.

True or False: sodium should be eliminated from the diet to prevent fluid retention.

False. Sodium is an essential nutrient and should never be eliminated from the diet. A balanced diet and adequate fluid intake prevent fluid retention.

True or False: drinking large amounts of water helps flush waste from the body.

False. Water does transport waste products for excretion from the body, but drinking large amounts will not increase that function and may cause over hydration and hyponatremia, which is a dangerous condition.

True or False: drinking extra water leads to weight loss.

False. Water participates in energy metabolism, but does not directly contribute to weight loss.

True or False: the body can survive for weeks without food and water.

False. You may be able to survive weeks without food, but you can't live for more than a few days without water.

True or False: drinking alcohol causes dehydration.

True. Alcohol is a diuretic and excess consumption can cause dehydration.

True or False: daily consumption of at least 8 cups of fluids is essential for health.

True. Depending on age, gender, and body composition, a minimum of eight glasses of water or other fluids per day may be necessary to maintain a healthy level of body water. The recommended intake for adult women is 9 cups per day and for men 13 cups per day.

True or False: exercise often leads to dehydration.

True. It is easy to become dehydrated during exercise because of excess sweating, especially in warm, humid environments. Drinking adequate fluid before, during, and after a workout is key to maintaining hydration.

True or False: eating bananas reduces hypertension.

True. Potassium-rich foods such as bananas can play a role in reducing hypertension. Potassium works together with sodium to regulate fluid balance and reduce blood pressure.

True or False: a morning mug of coffee counts toward daily water needs.

True. Your morning cup of java does contribute to daily water needs, even though it may contain caffeine, a diuretic.

The sodium-potassium pump functions to pump a. sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell b. sodium ions into the cell and potassium ions out of the cell c. sodium and potassium ions into the cell d. sodium and potassium ions in both directions in and out of the cell

a. sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell

The hormone that signals the kidneys to reabsorb sodium is called a. antidiuretic hormone b. aldosterone c. angiotensin II d. renin

b. aldosterone

Which of the following foods has the highest percentage of water content? a. beef b. cucumber c. ice cream d. bagels

b. cucumber

The fluid in the blood is an example of a. intracellular fluid b. extracellular fluid c. interstitial fluid d. both b. and c.

b. extracellular fluid

Which of the following is a function that water performs in the body? a. provides energy to the muscles b. helps transport waste products for excretion c. acts as an antioxidant d. participates in the synthesis of proteins

b. helps transport waste products for excretion

Consuming too much _______ can cause hyponatremia. a. salt b. water c. alcohol d. potassium

b. water

On average, how many cups of water does a well-balances 2,200 calorie diet provide? a. 8 cups b. 10 cups c. 12 cups d. 16 cups

c. 12 cups

The consumption of pharmaceutical diuretics increases the risk of a. increased sodium reabsorption b. increased calcium reabsorption c. loss of potassium d. loss of magnesium

c. loss of potassium

Under normal conditions, which of the following contributes most significantly to loss of body water? a. exhaled water vapor b. fecal matter c. urine d. sweat

c. urine

The hypothalamic thirst center is stimulated by a. hypertension b. decreased blood albumin c. consumption of dry foods such as nuts and crackers d. increased ECF osmolality

d. increased ECF osmolality