Nutritional Vocab Answers

Who was called the "Father of Nutrition and Chemistry"?

Antoine Lavoisier

An inflammation of the lungs and airways from breathing in foreign material, such as food or drink

Aspiration Pneumonia

To become a registered dietetic technician, you'll need to pass a national examination administered by this organization.

Commission on Dietetic Registration (CDR)

A form of inflammatory bowel disease that usually affects the intestines

Crohn's Disease

Which of the following would not be a way to make sure that a person with swallowing problems gets the nutrition he or she needs?

Cutting their food into smaller pieces

When you have too much sodium and not enough potassium, you have an

Electrolyte Imbalance

Nutrition delivered through a tube when a person cannot eat because of an illness or difficulty swallowing (also called tube feeding)

Enteral Nutrition

The study of health factors that affect an entire community; where, when, why, and how health events occur in the context of a well-defined population; ________ is the foundation of public health research.

Epidemiology

________is the study of how health events affect communities--where, when, why, and how health events occur in the context of a well-defined population.

Epidemiology

Through 2020, the hiring of dietitians is expected to _____.

Increase

Foods that conform to the Jewish laws of storing, preparing, and eating foods

Kosher

Which of the following is true of an educator dietitian?

May write patient education materials

The USDA's _____ initiative encourages portion control and emphasizes that half of any meal should be fruits and vegetables.

MyPlate

The branch of science encompassing research and genetics, obesity, and the science of taste

Nutrition science

______ carry out their duties in local, state, and federal health departments.

Public Health Nutritionist

The art and science of decreasing disease and increasing length and quality of life through educating the public about healthy choices

Public health

A disease characterized by softening of the bones and caused by a lack of vitamin D

Rickets

A deadly disease caused by lack of vitamin C and characterized by fatigue, spots on the skin, and soft and bleeding gums.

Scurvy

The chemical compound that makes up table salt

Sodium Chloride

Unprocessed, unrefined foods that are in the same form that they were when they were grown; for example, an apple is a whole food

Whole foods

Which one of the following statements is false regarding food safety?

You should always defrost meat at room temperature.

Which of the following are conditions that might benefit from nutritional therapy?

all of the above (- obesity - diabetes - heart disease)

This changes your digestive system so you either eat less or absorb fewer nutrients, or both, so you lose weight.

bariatric surgery

Dietitians follow food trends such as _____.

both sustainability and whole food

Health _______ refer to the differences among groups of people in issues relating to health and wellness.

disparities

A professional dietitian who has management duties such as hiring other dietitians and staff, managing a budget, keeping records, and issuing reports

management dietitian

_____ is a deadly disease resulting from lack of vitamin B1, also called thiamine.

Beriberi

_____ is the science of chemical processes in living things.

Biochemistry

A registered dietitian certified in nutrition support through the National Board of Nutrition Support to deliver parenteral and enteral nutrition support

Certified nutrition support dietitian

The percentage of two- to nineteen-year-olds with this disease has more than doubled during the past thirty years.

Childhood obesity

Which of the following is not an example of a health disparity?

Diana doesn't always take her antidepressant medication because she thinks it makes her gain weight.

A professional who helps dietitians plan menus and prepare food for people with special dietary needs

Dietetic Technician, Registered

Professionals who work alongside registered dietitians to create menus and prepare food for people in schools, hospitals, nursing homes, day-care centers, weight-loss clinics, eating-disorders centers, alcohol and drug treatment facilities, government agencies, and _________

Dietetic Technicians

A community dietitian is a professional dietitian who has management duties such as hiring other dietitians and staff, managing a budget, keeping records, and issuing reports.

False

Fortunately for research dietitians working for multinational companies, there is only one set of universal food regulations.

False

In some states, dietetic technicians can work on their own.

False

New research has revealed that humans perceive fats by only flavor and texture cues.

False

Nutritional therapy is not covered by health insurance or Medicare.

False

Obesity is defined as being overweight by at least ten pounds.

False

Portion control refers to federal laws surrounding the manufacture of food. _

False

Public health efforts to treat and prevent obesity should focus on adults, because most children outgrow obesity.

False

Public health nutrition and community nutrition are the same thing.

False

Registered dietitians and nutritionists are the same thing.

False

The former USDA Food Pyramid has been replaced by the "Let's Move!" initiative.

False

To maintain good health, we should consume no more than 4,000 milligrams of sodium a day.

False

You must earn at least a bachelor's degree to sit for the national registration exam.

False

The German scientist Christiaan Eijkan coined the term vitamin.

False (Casimir Funk)

B vitamin that helps prevent birth defects; it is recommended that women take ______ supplements before and during pregnancy

Folic acid

The science of handling, preparing, and storing food to prevent food-borne illnesses such as food poisoning

Food safety

When people always have access to enough food for an active, healthy lifestyle

Food security

Businesses, schools, organizations, and companies responsible for meals prepared outside the home. This includes restaurants, hospital cafeterias, and catering firms

Food service

A molecule that carries genetic information and can be passed on from a parent to a child

Gene

A protein composite found in foods processed from wheat and other grains, including barley and rye

Gluten

Any action or object conforming to the laws of Islam; in this context, referring to the storage, preparation, and eating of foods

Halal

These are differences among groups of people in issues relating to health and wellness. These differences can affect how often a disease affects a group, how many people get sick, how often the disease causes death, and the level of access different groups have to quality nutrition, health care, and public health services

Health Disparities

Which ancient famous philosopher taught his students that food is medicine?

Hippocrates

Nutrition labels required on all processed foods in the United States.

Nutrition facts

A body mass index higher than 30 kg/m2

Obesity

Nutrition delivered through a tiny tube in the veins of the arm when a person cannot eat and the stomach and intestines are not functioning (also called intravenous feeding).

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Controlling the amount of any one food you eat at one time to maximize nutrition and lose or maintain weight

Portion control

Coursework beyond completion of a bachelor's degree Nutrition Support Dietitian

Postbaccalaureate

The number of people with a given condition in the population at a particular time

Prevalance

______refers to the number of people with a given condition in the population at a particular time.

Prevalance

What kind of registered dietitian might work in the test kitchen of a food manufacturer?

Research dietitian

Which kind of dietitian may work in a lab developing food products for a food manufacturer?

Research dietitian

People with high blood pressure are usually on diets low in

Salt, or Sodium

The capacity to endure, as in farming practices that can yield food for a long time without harming the environment

Sustainability

Used for developing new food products or developing and testing new recipes

Test kitchen

A clinical dietitian may order that a thickening agent be added to the water for a patient who has problems swallowing.

True

Advanced degrees are often needed by dietitians who want to work in public health, hold an advanced clinical position, or work as a nutrition researcher.

True

Dietetic technicians must work under the supervision of a registered dietitian.

True

Federal laws dictate the content and price of lunches offered through the school lunch program.

True

Hippocrates, who is called the "father of medicine," taught his students that food is medicine.

True

In clinical settings, dietetic technicians help treat and prevent disease by performing health screenings, keeping records, and doing other tasks.

True

In following food-safety protocols, you should never chop vegetables on a cutting board you've just used to cut raw chicken, unless you had first washed it thoroughly.

True

Not eating meals together as a family has been proven to lead to poorer child health and well-being.

True

Nutritional therapy is founded on the principle that although each person is biochemically different from another, the things that make up good health are the same for everyone.

True

Nutritional therapy teaches people how to eat for better health so that they understand the science behind it.

True

People with chronic conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease are much more apt than healthy people to need frequent visits to their physicians, and more trips to the hospital and emergency room.

True

Registered dietitians who work in schools must take the cost of school lunches into account when creating daily menus.

True

The American Dietetic Association, now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, was founded in 1917, in part to help the government conserve food.

True

The U.S. Dietary and Supplement Health and Education Act stated the information that can and cannot be claimed about nutritional supplements without review by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

True

Which of the following lists of factors do registered dietitians consider when creating a plan for a client?

all of the above (- age, genetic tendencies, sex - lifestyle, goals, and environmental factors - the kind of medications they take)

Which of the following people have a legitimate reason to have a special diet that you, as a dietetic technician, would have to respect and work with?

all of these (- Laura eats no meat because she loves animals. - Kenneth has high blood pressure and can't have salt. - Nate keeps kosher in accordance with his religion and won't eat meat and cheese in the same meal.)

Which of the following programs would a public health nutritionist work on?

all of these (- Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) - Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) - Child and Adult Care Food Program)

Which of the following reasons for visiting a nutritional therapist would be valid?

all of these (- You've had weight-reduction surgery and need help making sure you're getting the nutrition you need, in smaller portions. - You have an eating disorder and your therapist or doctor recommends that you seek nutritional therapy. - You're recovering from drug or alcohol abuse.)

Which of the following are duties of a public health nutritionist?

all of these (- health promotion and disease prevention - Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) nutrition programs - breastfeeding education, support, and promotion)

A medical condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to tissues

anemia

A deadly disease resulting from a lack of vitamin B1, also called thiamine. Symptoms included difficulty walking, loss of muscle function, and heart disease

beriberi

The science of chemical processes in living things.

biochemistry

A condition involving the body's abnormal response to gluten, which is found in wheat and other grains; it can result in damage to the lining of the small intestine and prevents absorption of important nutrients

celiac disease

Which of the following issues did First Lady Michelle Obama tackle during her husband's presidency?

childhood obesity

A professional dietitian who provides nutritional services for patients in a hospital, clinic, or nursing home consultant

clinical dietitian

A professional dietitian who works in community settings such as home health agencies or public health clinics

community dietitian

A professional dietitian who helps clients with issues such as weight management, cholesterol reduction, or diabetes control

consultant dietitian

A group of physically and psychologically harmful conditions defined by abnormal eating habits that may consist of eating too much or too little; anorexia, bulimia, and binge-eating disorder are the three most common types of

eating disorders

Potentially serious abnormal immune responses to particular foods, often tree nuts, peanuts, shellfish, or eggs

food allergies

A branch of holistic science that concerns addressing the underlying causes of disease rather than treating acute problems that result from lack of prevention and poor nutrition

functional medicine

Which of the following is not a public health nutrition issue?

lack of fast-food restaurants in rural areas

Sailors in the British Navy were given vitamin C-rich _____ and _____ to prevent and cure scurvy.

lemons/limes

Which of the following foods did the ancient Egyptians know cured night blindness due to its high content of vitamin A?

liver

Which of the following job titles matches this description of duties: "Oversee other food safety workers and dietitians; oversee meal preparation and planning in large facilities; enforce safety and sanitation; hire and train other workers; manage budgets; prepare reports and keep records; and purchase equipment, food, and supplies"?

management dietitian

The word _____ refers to the process by which a living being consumes and uses food for growth and tissue regeneration.

nutrition

The use of food as medicine to prevent or treat disease and promote health

nutrition therapy

A master's- or PhD-level scientist who investigates how food is altered through cooking or various storage methods, how people react to different nutrients, and how people's nutritional requirements change in different situations

nutritional researcher

The U.S. Dietary and Supplement Health and Education Act described what can and cannot be claimed about _____ without review by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

nutritional supplements

Which of the following duties would a dietetic technician be likely to have?

plan menus and prepare food

A molecule, most often found on the surface of a cell, that receives chemical signals from outside the cell. By binding to a receptor, these signals tell a cell to do something--for example, to divide or to allow certain molecules to enter or exit

receptor

Vitamin C was discovered to treat which of the following conditions?

scurvy

In 1912, Polish scientist Casimir Funk coined the term _____ to describe compounds needed for health and growth.

vitamins