OB 11-12

Research on Fiedler's Contingency Theory indicates which of the following?

Fiedler's theory is important because it recognizes the importance of the leadership context.

To satisfice is to

accept the first alternative that meets your general criteria.

The degree to which a person is at peace with himself and has an overall positive assessment of one's self worth and capabilities is

self-efficacy.

Which is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Identify the problem.

Openness is

being curious, original, intellectual, creative and receptive to new ideas.

Escalation of commitment occurs because

decision makers do not want to admit they were wrong.

Mark works as the frozen food manager in a major grocery store chain. When his stock of two-pound bags of frozen shrimp gets down to two cases, he e-mails his warehouse to send ten cases to restock.

decision rule.

In democratic decision making

employees participate in the making of the decision.

If leader-subordinate relations are good, position power is low and task structure is high, the situation would be categorized as

favorable.

The tendency for decision makers to be influenced by the way that a situation or problem is presented is

framing bias.

Sara's laptop started causing her problems. It was taking a long time to boot up, and froze unexpectedly a number of times. Now the laptop has shut down completely and she cannot get it started up again. One of the group members on her project said to Sara, "You should have gone for help when it started acting up, now you've affected all of us." This scenario is an example of what type of decision-making trap?

hindsight bias

A unique, nonroutine, important decision requiring conscious thinking, information gathering, and careful consideration of alternatives is a(n)

nonprogrammed decision.

The creative decision-making process

refers to arriving at decisions after first gathering information about the problem and then setting the problem consciously aside until an insightful solution to the problem arises.

Authentic leadership

refers to effective leaders who stay true to themselves.

Doris and Lydia are members of the Board of Directors at Beta Corporation. They are giving very serious consideration to voting to merge their company with Zeta Company for enhanced efficiency, effectiveness and competitive advantage. Doris and Lydia are making a(n)

strategic decision.

The two broad categories of leader behaviors are

task-oriented and people-oriented structures.

The bounded rationality model should be used to make decisions when

the minimum criteria are clear.

The decision-making technique designed to help with group decision making by ensuring that all members participate fully is

the nominal group technique.

The creativity level evaluation factor of fluency is

the number of ideas a person is able to generate.

A series of steps that decision makers should consider if their goal is to maximize their outcome and make the best choice describes

the rational decision-making model.

The incubation step in the creative decision-making process is

the step where the decision maker sets the problem aside and does not consciously think of it.

Karli is the designated leader of a class project group. She gets along well with the group members but often is not sure exactly what she should do to assist her group in producing a high-quality project. Which LPC style is best for this scenario?

High LPC leaders are effective.

Which of the following is not a key trait associated with leadership?

High introversion

___________ leaders lead employees by aligning employee goals with the leader's goals.

Transformational

The availability of too much information leading to more and more time being spent on gathering information and thinking about it, resulting in no decisions being made is

analysis paralysis.

According to the leadership decision tree, a leader who makes a decision alone using available information has a(n)

autocratic decision-making style.

All of the following are examples of the Big 5 Personality traits EXCEPT

intelligence.

Servant leadership

is a leadership approach that defines the leader's role as serving the needs of others.

The act of influencing others toward a goal is

leadership.

Tactical decisions are generally made by

managers.

Being anxious, irritable, temperamental and moody is

neuroticism.

Overconfidence bias

occurs when individuals overestimate their ability to predict future events.

Programmed decisions are

ones which occur frequently enough that an automated response is developed for them.

Leaders who ensure their employees take part in decision making have a(n) _________________ leadership style.

participative

The bounded rationality decision-making model

recognizes the limitations of decision making processes by having individuals knowingly limit their options to a manageable set and choose the best alternative without conducting an exhaustive search of alternatives.

Operational decisions

refer to those things that employees do each day to make the organization run.

If jobs are boring and repetitive or tasks are stressful, the ________ style of leadership is most effective.

supportive

Malcolm is the manager of his department. After performance evaluations, he gives those who have met their goals for the year a pay raise. He gives his employees their assignments and leaves them to do their work but does monitor them so that if he notices a potential problem, it gets resolved before causing difficulties. What kind of contemporary leadership style is Malcolm demonstrating?

transactional leadership

The key factor in the effectiveness of transformational leadership is

trust

If you dislike working with a person and do not care for them on a personal level either,

you would have a low least preferred coworker score.