OB chapter 11 questions
What can an individual do to make better decisions?
Assess decision-making styles. Examine past decisions for the influence of biases. Develop critical thinking skills.
People who are receptive to suggestions and focus strongly on people and the social aspects of a work situation have which of the following decision-making styles?
Behavioral
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on people and the social aspects of a work situation have the decision making style.
Blank 1: conceptual
The process of producing new and useful ideas concerning products, services, processes, and procedures is
Blank 1: creativity
A(n) is a graphical representation of the process underlying decisions that shows the consequences of making various choices.
Blank 1: decision Blank 2: tree
People with a decision-making style have a low tolerance for ambiguity and are oriented toward tasks.
Blank 1: directive
Brainstorming is a technique used to help groups generate multiple and alternatives for solving
Blank 1: ideas or solutions Blank 2: problems
Deciding to select a solution that meets some minimum, adequate qualifications is .
Blank 1: satisficing or satisfising
How can artificial intelligence (AI) help managers enhance business operations?
automating processes managing customer communications gaining insight through data analysis
Analytical decision makers are those who:
respond well to new situations consider as many facts as possible tolerate ambiguity well
A problem occurs when there is a gap between a(n) and a(n) situation.
Blank 1: actual Blank 2: desired
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on tasks and technical concerns have the decision-making style.
Blank 1: analytical
People who prefer to avoid conflict and focus strongly on people and the social aspects of a work situation have the style of decision making.
Blank 1: behavioral or behavioural
The idea that decision makers are limited by various constraints during the decision-making process is the nonrational model known as
Blank 1: bounded Blank 2: rationality
The idea that decision makers are limited by various constraints during the decision-making process is the nonrational model known as .
Blank 1: bounded Blank 2: rationality
A is the divide between an actual and a desired situation.
Blank 1: problem
What are the cognitive shortcuts used to simplify the decision making process called?
judgmental heuristics
What are the disadvantages of big data?
leaked private information cybersecurity breaches
People who have a directive decision style:
are decisive and action oriented like to focus on facts
The bias that takes place because we are optimistic based on overestimates of what we are able to do is:
overconfidence bias
The phenomenon that occurs when people who are members of a cohesive in-group so strive for unanimity that they fail to realistically appraise alternative courses of action is called .
Blank 1: groupthink
The phenomenon that occurs when people who are members of a cohesive in-group so strive for unanimity that they fail to realistically appraise alternative courses of action is called.
Blank 1: groupthink
The decision-making model that assumes managers are fully objective and have all information they need to make a decision is the decision model.
Blank 1: rational or ration
What models of decision making explain how managers really come to decisions?
nonrational
The decision-making model that assumes managers are fully objective and have all the data needed is the:
rational decision model
When all members of a group either agree with a decision or are able to support it, they have:
reached consensus
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on tasks and technical concerns have which of the following decision making styles?
Analytical
Which of the following are characteristic of people with the conceptual decision making style?
A long-term perspective A broad perspective They rely on intuition
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on people and the social aspects of a work situation have which of the following decision making styles?
Conceptual
Daniel Kahneman describes two types of thinking in his book Thinking, Fast and Slow. Why is System 1 "fast"?
It is automatic. It is instinctive. It relies on mental shortcuts.
Daniel Kahneman describes two types of thinking in his book Thinking, Fast and Slow. Why is System 1 "fast"?
It relies on mental shortcuts. It is instinctive. It is automatic.
In order to be successful decision makers, what should managers do?
Spark creativity among employees. Train employees to conduct effective brainstorming. Identify decision-making styles and build on strengths.
What type of thinking is described by Daniel Kahneman as intuitive and unconscious thought?
System 1
How can artificial intelligence (AI) help managers enhance business operations?
automating processes managing customer communications gaining insight through data analysis
True or false: Consensus does not require unanimous agreement.
True
True or false: People's occupations and personality types influence their decision-making styles.
True
True or false: The goal of decision making is to find a solution that leads to a desired state of affairs.
True
Research indicates that most managers have multiple decision-making styles and that those styles are based on:
age gender nationality
What is a form of computing that allows machines to perform cognitive functions similar to the way humans do?
artificial intelligence (AI)
Big data, the vast quantity of data available to decision makers, can
be used to develop new products and services. enhance productivity. make information more transparent and usable.
Which of the following is most likely to spark creativity?
being bored
Which of the following is most likely to spark creativity? Multiple choice question.
being bored
The nonrational model in which decision makers are limited by various constraints when making decisions is known as:
bounded rationality
A technique used for solving problems, generating creative ideas for new products, and removing performance roadblocks is:
brainstorming
A technique used to help groups generate ideas by silently and individually writing them down and then sharing them is:
brainstorming
How can an individual or group avoid making mistakes in the decision-making process?
by examining past decisions by reviewing past biases and influences by understanding judgmental heuristics
The sense of "we-ness" that overrides individual differences and motives in a group is
cohesiveness
The sense of "we-ness" that overrides individual differences and motives in a group is:
cohesiveness
The joint novelty and usefulness of a product or service as judged by others is:
creative outcome effectiveness
The joint novelty and usefulness of a product or service as judged by others is: Multiple choice question.
creative outcome effectiveness
The process of producing new and useful ideas concerning products, services, processes, and procedures is:
creativity
What is one thing managers can do to improve their decision making?
d decision-making biases by becoming aware of them.
The assumptions behind nonrational models of decision making are that:
decision makers lack complete information managers struggle to make the best decisions decision making lacks certainty
When you pinpoint and pick a solution that best solves a problem, this is:
decision making
What graphical representation of the process underlying decisions shows the consequences of making various choices?
decision tree
Which two activities are included in the decision-making process?
determining alternative solutions choosing from among alternative solutions
The first two steps in the rational decision making model are:
determining the issue at hand generating alternative solutions
The process of conscientiously using the best available data when making managerial decisions is:
evidence-based decision making
Bounded rationality is the idea that decision makers:
face various restrictions when making decisions
Bounded rationality is the idea that decision makers: Multiple choice question.
face various restrictions when making decisions
Groupthink can result in decisions that:
fail to realistically evaluate alternative options maintain the cohesiveness of the group lack moral judgment
True or false: An assumption of the nonrational decision making models is that managers possess all of the information needed to
false
When people who are members of a cohesive in-group so strive for unanimity that they fail to realistically appraise alternative courses of action it is:
groupthink
People who have the behavioral style of decision making can be characterized as:
having a hard time saying no to others working well with others avoiding conflict
Evidence-based decision making holds the promise of:
improving performance avoiding decision-making biases
What are some tips for sparking creativity?
lying on the beach taking a walk doing "nothing"
Satisficing means that managers:
make a decision that is good enough make a decision that is satisfactory, but not optimal
Satisficing means that managers: Multiple select question.
make a decision that is good enough make a decision that is satisfactory, but not optimal
Research indicates that most managers have multiple decision-making styles and that those styles are based on: Multiple select question.
nationality age gender
What is it called when decision makers overestimate their skills relative to those of other participants?
overconfidence bias
Characteristics of the rational decision-making model include the assumption that managers:
possess all information needed to make the best decision are objective
The ability to marshal human, informational, and other resources to get something done is:
power
When there is a difference between what is desired and the actual situation, it is a(n): Multiple choice question.
problem
What are three practical things to consider in the decision-making process?
routine and frequency time constraints information and communication
Deciding to choose a solution that meets enough minimum qualifications is:
satisficing
The least effective way to use evidence-based decision making is to:
support a decision made intuitively
What are some tips for sparking creativity?
taking a walk doing "nothing" lying on the beach
Picking a solution is which step in the rational decision making process?
third
What are the three ways managers use evidence or data in the decision-making process?
to support a decision to make a decision to inform a decision
The extent to which a person has a high need for structure and control in his or her life is known as:
tolerance for ambiguity
The extent to which an individual focuses on either task and technical concerns or people and social concerns in making decisions is:
value orientation
The model of decision-making styles is based on which of the following dimensions?
value orientation tolerance for ambiguity
What practical consideration might result in an individual rather than the whole group making a decision?
when there is limited time to make the decision
What practical consideration might result in an individual rather than the whole group making a decision? Multiple choice question.
when there is limited time to make the decision
