OB Exam 2

A nurse plans to administer vitamin K to a newborn. What site should the nurse use for the injection? 1 Deltoid muscle 2 Rectus femoris 3 Vastus lateralis 4 Gluteus maximus

Vastus lateralis

A health care provider prescribes an intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate for a client with preeclampsia. What baseline assessment is essential before the nurse initiates the infusion? 1 Serum glucose 2 Respiratory rate 3 Body temperature 4 Level of consciousness

Respiratory rate

A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a new mother. What is the most important instruction to help prevent postpartum infection? 1 "Don't take tub baths for at least 6 weeks." 2 "Wash your hands before and after changing your sanitary napkins." 3 "Douche with a dilute antiseptic solution twice a day and continue for a week." 4 "Tampons are better than sanitary napkins for inhibiting bacteria in the postpartum period."

"Wash your hands before and after changing your sanitary napkins."

An infant was born 30 minutes ago. The nurse is preparing an injection of vitamin K for the infant. Which dosage and route will the nurse use? 1 1.0 to 1.5 mg given intramuscularly 2 0.5 to 1.0 mg given intramuscularly 3 1.0 to 1.5 mg given subcutaneously 4 0.5 to 1.0 mg given subcutaneously

0.5 to 1.0 mg given intramuscularly

A nurse is assessing a postpartum client for signs of hemorrhage by evaluating the degree of perineal pad saturation. What other parameter can the nurse use to estimate blood loss in a postpartum client? 1 Odor of the lochia 2 Color of the lochia 3 Presence of small clots on the pad 4 Time elapsed between pad changes

Time elapsed between pad changes

What should be included in a plan of care to limit the development of hyperbilirubinemia in the breastfed neonate? 1 Encouraging more frequent breastfeeding during the first 2 days 2 Instituting phototherapy for 30 minutes every 6 hours for 3 days 3 Substituting formula feeding for breastfeeding on the second day 4 Supplementing breastfeeding with glucose water during the first day

Encouraging more frequent breastfeeding during the first 2 days

A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted with the diagnosis of severe preeclampsia and is now receiving an intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate. What is the classification of this medication? 1 Diuretic 2 Oxytocic 3 Antihypertensive agent 4 Central nervous system depressant

Central nervous system depressant

A client admitted with preeclampsia is receiving magnesium sulfate. Which assessment finding indicates that a therapeutic level of the medication has been reached? 1 Increased fetal activity 2 Decreased urine output 3 Deep tendon reflexes of +2 4 Respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min

Deep tendon reflexes of +2

What should the nurse include in the plan of care for a newborn with hypospadias before corrective surgery is performed? 1 Wrapping the penis in petrolatum gauze 2 Explaining to the parents why a circumcision is not done 3 Preparing the newborn for the insertion of a cystotomy tube 4 Teaching the parents about the genetic basis of the hypospadias

Explaining to the parents why a circumcision is not done

A pregnant client with severe preeclampsia is receiving an infusion of magnesium sulfate. What does the nurse identify as the main reason that this medication is administered? 1 It acts as a diuretic. 2 It has a sedative effect. 3 It acts as an anticonvulsant. 4 It has an antihypertensive effect.

It acts as an anticonvulsant

A client is receiving magnesium sulfate therapy for severe preeclampsia. What initial sign of toxicity should prompt the nurse to intervene? 1 Hyperactive sensorium 2 Increase in respiratory rate 3 Lack of the knee-jerk reflex 4 Development of a cardiac dysrhythmia

Lack of the knee-jerk reflex

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a 3-day-old infant. The mother expresses concern about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). To reduce the risk of SIDS during sleep, the nurse instructs the parents to position the infant: 1 Prone 2 Side-lying 3 Supine 4 Next to an adult in bed for closer monitoring

Supine

Phototherapy is prescribed for a preterm neonate with hyperbilirubinemia. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to reduce the potentially harmful side effect of the phototherapy? 1 Covering the trunk to prevent hypothermia 2 Using shields on the eyes to protect them from the light 3 Massaging vitamin E oil into the skin to minimize drying 4 Turning after each feeding to reduce exposure of each surface area

Using shields on the eyes to protect them from the light

The parent of a newborn asks a nurse why, except for hepatitis B vaccine, the immunization schedule does not start until the infant is 2 months old. How should the nurse respond? 1 "A newborn's spleen can't produce efficient antibodies." 2 "Infants younger than 2 months are rarely exposed to infectious disease." 3 "The immunization will attack the infant's immature immune system and cause the disease." 4 "Maternal antibodies interfere with the development of active antibodies by the infant when immunized."

"Maternal antibodies interfere with the development of active antibodies by the infant when immunized."

A nurse withholds methylergonovine maleate (Methergine) from a postpartum client. What clinical finding supports the withholding of the medication? 1 Urine output of 50 mL/hr 2 Third-degree perineal laceration 3 Blood pressure of 160/90 mm Hg 4 Respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min

Blood pressure of 160/90 mm Hg

A nurse is caring for a preterm neonate with physiological jaundice who requires phototherapy. What is the action of this therapy? 1 Stimulates the liver to dispose of the bilirubin 2 Breaks down the bilirubin into a conjugated form 3 Facilitates the excretion of bilirubin by activating vitamin K 4 Dissolves the bilirubin, allowing it to be excreted by the skin

Breaks down the bilirubin into a conjugated form

A pregnant client with severe preeclampsia is receiving IV magnesium sulfate. What should the nurse keep at the bedside to prepare for the possibility of magnesium sulfate toxicity? 1 Oxygen 2 Naloxone 3 Calcium gluconate 4 Suction equipment

Calcium gluconate

The parents of an infant with tetralogy of Fallot ask the nurse to explain what is wrong with their baby's heart. Before explaining the problem in a way that they will understand, the nurse remembers that tetralogy of Fallot includes: 1 Tricuspid atresia, ventricular septal defect, atrioventricular canal, and coarctation of the aorta 2 Overriding of the aorta, aortic stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, and mitral valve insufficiency 3 Atrial septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, patent ductus, and mitral valve insufficiency 4 Right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, pulmonic stenosis, and overriding of the aorta

Right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, pulmonic stenosis, and overriding of the aorta

Which client is at risk for a postpartum infection? 1 A primipara who gives birth to an infant weighing more than 8.5 lb 2 A woman who required catheterization after voiding less than 75 mL 3 A multipara with a hemoglobin level of 11 g at the time of admission 4 A women who loses at least 350 mL of blood during the birthing process

A woman who required catheterization after voiding less than 75 mL

A nurse is caring for a preterm neonate who is receiving gastric feedings. Which neonatal clinical finding unique to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) leads the nurse to suspect that the neonate is experiencing this complication? 1 Persistent diarrhea 2 Decreased abdominal circumference 3 Small amount of vomitus after each gastric feeding 4 Increased amount of residual gastric volume from earlier feedings

Increased amount of residual gastric volume from earlier feedings

What type of lochia should the nurse expect to observe on a client's pad on the fourth day after a vaginal delivery? 1 Scant alba 2 Scant rubra 3 Moderate rubra 4 Moderate serosa

Moderate serosa

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of an infant with tetralogy of Fallot that indicates an increased red blood cell (RBC) count. What does the nurse identify as the cause of the polycythemia? 1 Low blood pressure 2 Tissue oxygen needs 3 Diminished iron level 4 Hypertrophic cardiac muscle

Tissue oxygen needs

The nurse is assessing a newborn immediately after birth. Which finding indicates normal development in a newborn? 1 A body weight of 3500 g 2 A core body temperature of 96° F 3 Blood pressure of 70/60 mm Hg 4 Head circumference is 3 cm less than chest circumference

A body weight of 3500 **Normal is between 2700 and 4000**

What should the nurse teach parents about their newborn's diagnosis of phenylketonuria (PKU)? 1 A low-phenylalanine diet is required. 2 Phenylalanine is not necessary for growth. 3 Phenylalanine can be administered to correct the deficiency. 4 A substitute for phenylalanine is an increased amount of other amino acids.

A low-phenylalanine diet is required.

The nurse is caring for a group of postpartum clients. Which factor puts a client at increased risk for postpartum hemorrhage? 1 Breastfeeding in the birthing room 2 Receiving a pudendal block for the birth 3 Having a third stage of labor that lasts 10 minutes 4 Giving birth to a baby weighing 9 lb 8 oz

Giving birth to a baby weighing 9 lb 8 oz

On admission to the nursery a newborn is found to be experiencing cold stress. What is the nurse's goal at this time? 1 Minimize shivering. 2 Prevent hyperglycemia. 3 Limit oxygen consumption. 4 Prevent metabolism of fat stores

Prevent metabolism of fat stores

A client who is at risk for seizures as a result of severe preeclampsia is receiving an IV infusion of magnesium sulfate. What findings cause the nurse to determine that the client is showing signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity? Select all that apply. 1 Proteinuria 2 Epigastric pain 3 Respirations of 10/min 4 Loss of patellar reflexes 5 Urine output of 40 mL/hr

Respirations of 10/min Loss of patellar reflexes

A few weeks after discharge, a postpartum client experiences mastitis and telephones for advice concerning breastfeeding. The nurse notifies the practitioner to have antibiotics prescribed. What should the nurse recommend that the client do? 1 Wean the infant from the breast. 2 Start formula feedings immediately. 3 Breastfeed often to keep the breasts empty. 4 Apply ice packs to suppress milk production

Breastfeed often to keep the breasts empty.

When performing a postoperative assessment, which parameter would alert the nurse to a common side effect of epidural anesthesia? 1 Decreased blood pressure 2 Increased oral temperature 3 Diminished peripheral pulses 4 Unequal bilateral breath sounds

Decreased blood pressure

At 20 hours of age a newborn is found to have a bilirubin concentration of 13 mg/dL. Which finding most likely contributed to this bilirubin level? 1 Clubfoot 2 Cephalhematoma 3 Caput succedaneum 4 Gestation of 41 weeks

Cephalhematoma

A nurse in the clinic determines that a 4-day-old neonate who was born at home has a purulent discharge from the eyes. What condition does the nurse suspect? 1 HIV infection 2 Chlamydia trachomatis infection 3 Retinopathy of prematurity (retrolental fibroplasia) 4 A reaction to the ophthalmic antibiotic instilled after birth

Chlamydia trachomatis infection

A nurse is assessing a postpartum client for signs of an impending hemorrhage resulting from laceration of the cervix. Besides monitoring the client for a firm uterus, what other assessment is important? 1 Slowed pulse rate 2 Increased blood pressure 3 Persistent muscular twitching 4 Continuous trickling of blood

Continuous trickling of blood

A nurse is assessing several postpartum clients. Which conditions increase the risk for postpartum hemorrhage? Select all that apply. 1 Twin birth 2 Overdistended bladder 3 Hypertonic uterine dystocia 4 Retained placental fragments 5 Mild gestational hypertension

Twin birth, over distended bladder, retained placental fragments

A client who is pregnant with twins is told by the health care provider that she is at risk for postpartum hemorrhage. Later the client asks the nurse why she is at risk for hemorrhage. What should the nurse remember as the cause of the postpartum hemorrhage before responding in language the client will understand? 1 Uterine atony 2 Mediolateral episiotomy 3 Lacerations of the cervix 4 Retained placental fragments

Uterine atony

When assessing a neonate and mother after a vaginal delivery, the nurse finds that the neonate's blood group is B positive and mother's is AB negative. The nurse also finds that the mother is negative to Coombs' test. What is the appropriate intervention in this situation? 1 Administer RhoGAM intravenously to the mother within 1 week of delivery. 2 Administer RhoGAM intramuscularly to the mother within 72 hours of delivery. 3 Administer RhoGAM intramuscularly to the neonate within 1 week of delivery. 4 Administer RhoGAM intravenously to the neonate within 72 hours of delivery

Administer RhoGAM intramuscularly to the mother within 72 hours of delivery.

The nurse is providing care to a client with preeclampsia who is receiving magnesium sulfate 2 g/hr. The nurse receives a call from the laboratory technician indicating that the client has a magnesium level of 6.4 mEq/L. What is the next nursing action? 1 Stopping the infusion 2 Assessing the client's deep tendon reflexes 3 Assessing the client's level of consciousness 4 Documenting the level in the client's electronic medical record

Documenting the level in the client's electronic medical record

The laboratory results of a woman in labor indicate the presence of cocaine and alcohol. Which characteristics should cause the nurse to recognize fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in the newborn? Select all that apply. 1 Hypotonia 2 Polydactyly 3 Umbilical hernia 4 Hypoplastic maxilla 5 Small, upturned nose

Hypotonia, hypoplastic maxilla, and small/upturned nose

A client at term is admitted in active labor. She has tested positive for HIV. Which intervention in the standard orders should the nurse question as a risk to the fetus? 1 Sonogram 2 Nonstress test 3 Sterile vaginal examination 4 Internal fetal scalp electrode

Internal fetal scalp electrode

A nurse administers an intramuscular injection of vitamin K to a newborn. What is the purpose of the injection? 1 It maintains the intestinal floral count. 2 It promotes proliferation of intestinal flora. 3 It stimulates vitamin K production in the baby. 4 It provides protection until the intestinal flora has been established

It provides protection until the intestinal flora has been established

Which interventions are included in the nursing care for a client receiving magnesium sulfate for severe preeclampsia? Select all that apply. 1 Monitoring deep tendon reflexes 2 Assessing urine output every 8 hours 3 Maintaining a dark, quiet environment 4 Using a pump to regulate the medication 5 Having calcium gluconate available at the bedside 6 Notifying the care provider if the respiratory rate is slower than 20 breaths/min

Monitoring deep tendon reflexes Maintaining a dark, quiet environment Using a pump to regulate the medication Having calcium gluconate available at the bedside

While assessing a client during the fourth stage of labor a nurse notes that the perineal pad is soaked end to end with approximately 75 mL of lochia rubra. What is the priority nursing action? 1 Palpating the uterine fundus 2 Documenting the amount and type of lochia 3 Accompanying the client to the bathroom to empty her bladder 4 Calling the laboratory to test the hemoglobin and hematocrit level

Palpating the uterine fundus

A client in active labor has requested epidural anesthesia for pain management. The anesthetist has completed an evaluation, and the nurse has initiated an intravenous fluid bolus. The client's partner asks why this is necessary. What is the best explanation? 1 It is the policy of the institution to provide 2 bags of lactated Ringer's solution. 2 There is a risk of hypotension, and the large amount of IV fluid reduces the risk. 3 Giving the large amount of IV fluid is a means of hydrating the client when she is unable to drink. 4 The client must be given 500 mL of fluid to ascertain that the line is working so that medication may be administered.

There is a risk of hypotension, and the large amount of IV fluid reduces the risk.

Which nursing assessment is most important for a large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infant of a diabetic mother (IDM)? 1 Temperature less than 98° F (36.6° C) 2 Heart rate of 110 beats/min 3 Blood glucose level less than 40 mg/dL 4 Increasing bilirubin during the first 24 hours

Blood glucose level less than 40 mg/dL

The transmission of which microorganism that causes maternal mastitis is minimized by frequent handwashing by nursing staff members? 1 Escherichia coli 2 Group B Streptococcus 3 Staphylococcus aureus 4 Chlamydia trachomatis

Staphylococcus aureus

A mother asks the neonatal nurse why her infant must be monitored for hypoglycemia when her type 1 diabetes was in excellent control during her pregnancy. How should the nurse respond? 1 "A newborn's glucose level drops after birth, so we're being especially cautious with your baby because of your diabetes." 2 "A newborn's pancreas produces an increased amount of insulin during the first day of birth, so we're checking to see whether hypoglycemia has occurred." 3 "Babies of mothers with diabetes do not have large stores of glucose at birth, so it's difficult for them to maintain the blood glucose level within an acceptable range." 4 "Babies of mothers with diabetes have a higher-than-average insulin level because of the excess glucose received from the mothers during pregnancy, so the glucose level may drop."

"Babies of mothers with diabetes have a higher-than-average insulin level because of the excess glucose received from the mothers during pregnancy, so the glucose level may drop."

A nurse is teaching a postpartum client the characteristics of lochia and any deviations that should be reported immediately. What client statement indicates that the teaching was effective? 1 "If I pass any clots, I'll notify the clinic." 2 "I'll call the clinic if my lochia changes from red to pink." 3 "I'll notify the clinic if my lochia starts to smell bad." 4 "If my vaginal discharge continues for three weeks, I'll call the clinic."

"I'll notify the clinic if my lochia starts to smell bad."

A client who is breastfeeding tells a nurse that her breasts are swollen and painful. What can the nurse teach her to do to limit engorgement? 1 "Breastfeed four times a day, then offer water if the baby cries." 2 "Offer just one bottle a day when you're experiencing discomfort." 3 "Nurse at least every 3 hours for at least 10 minutes on each breast." 4 "Limit nursing to 4 to 6 minutes on each breast at least six times a day."

"Nurse at least every 3 hours for at least 10 minutes on each breast."

How should a nurse screen the newborn of a diabetic mother for hypoglycemia? 1 Testing for glucose tolerance 2 Drawing blood for a serum glucose determination 3 Arranging for a fasting blood glucose determination 4 Testing heel blood with the use of a glucose-oxidase strip

4 Testing heel blood with the use of a glucose-oxidase strip

A newborn with a cleft lip is fed with a special nipple. What instructions should the nurse give the parents to reduce the incidence of regurgitation of the feedings? 1 Burp frequently during feedings. 2 Offer thickened formula as prescribed. 3 Place the baby in an infant seat during feedings. 4 Position the infant on one side with the bottle propped.

Burp frequently during feedings

A newborn male infant was circumcised 2 hours ago. Thirty minutes later, the nurse notes blood oozing from the penis. Which intervention should the nurse implement? 1 Cleansing the area with warm water and mild soap 2 Applying Vaseline gauze over the area of bleeding 3 Documenting the amount of bleeding in the infant's chart 4 Donning sterile gloves and applying direct pressure, using sterile gauze

Donning sterile gloves and applying direct pressure, using sterile gauze

A priority intervention for the infant undergoing phototherapy is: 1 Covering the infant's face with a soft mask 2 Administering glucose water between breast or bottle feedings 3 Keeping the infant in the supine position with the genitals covered 4 Exposing as much skin as possible by turning the infant every 2 hours

Exposing as much as skin as possible by turning the infant every 2 hours

A health care provider prescribes carboprost (Hemabate) to be administered to a postpartum client with intractable vaginal bleeding. What client factor should alert the nurse to question the prescription? 1 History of asthma 2 Homan sign 3 Increased blood pressure 4 Absence of the Babinski reflex

History of asthma

A woman who has gestational diabetes gives birth at term to a large-for-gestational age (LGA) infant weighing 9 lb 6 oz (4250 g). For what complication should the newborn be monitored? 1 Anemia 2 Hypoglycemia 3 Increased calcium 4 Meconium aspiration

Hypoglycemia

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV magnesium sulfate for preeclampsia. At 37 weeks' gestation she gives birth to an infant weighing 4 lb. What clinical finding in the newborn may indicate magnesium sulfate toxicity? 1 Pallor 2 Tremor 3 Hypotonia 4 Tachycardia

Hypotonia

While a client is being given intravenous magnesium sulfate therapy for preeclampsia, it is essential for the nurse to monitor the client's deep tendon reflexes. The nurse explains to the client that this is done because it: 1 Reveals her level of consciousness 2 Reveals the mobility of the extremities 3 Reveals the response to painful stimuli 4 Identifies the potential for respiratory depression

Identifies the potential for respiratory depression

Immediately after birth the newborn and mother were given the opportunity to bond. Now, on admission to the newborn nursery, it is noted that the infant has signs of respiratory distress, and transient tachypnea of the newborn is suspected. The nurse reviews the mother's obstetric history and takes the neonate's vital signs. In light of this information and the nursery routine, what is the most appropriate intervention by the nurse for this newborn? 1 Feed glucose water. 2 Bathe with mild soap. 3 Keep in overbed warmer. 4 Take to mother's bedside for further bonding.

Keep in overbed warmer

A nurse is caring for several preterm infants. What precautions should the nurse take to limit the risk for retinopathy of prematurity (retrolental fibroplasia)? 1 Monitoring phototherapy and lowering the temperature 2 Controlling environmental temperature and humidity 3 Maintaining the prescribed oxygen concentration and increasing the amount of humidity 4 Keeping oxygen at the lowest concentration necessary and discontinuing it as soon as it is feasible

Keeping oxygen at the lowest concentration necessary and discontinuing it as soon as it is feasible

Two hours after a client gives birth, her physical assessment findings include a blood pressure of 86/40 mm Hg; temperature/pulse/respirations of 98/100/22; a firm fundus, four fingerbreadths above the umbilicus; small spots of lochia rubra on the perineal pad; and a distended bladder. After a urinary catheterization the client's fundus remains firm and four fingerbreadths above the umbilicus. What should the nurse do next? 1 Catheterize the client again. 2 Palpate the client's fundus every 2 hours. 3 Notify the client's health care provider immediately. 4 Recheck the client's vital signs in 30 minutes.

Notify the clients health care provider immediately

A primigravida at 38 weeks of gestation presents to the clinic with a blood pressure of 142/94, edema in all extremities, and a weight gain of five pounds since the previous checkup one week ago. The client has delivered and is receiving magnesium sulfate postpartum. The priority during the immediate four hours after delivery would be: 1 Monitoring blood pressure 2 Monitoring urinary output 3 Observing amount of lochia 4 Assessing breastfeeding technique

Observing amount of lochia

A nurse is testing a newborn's heel blood for the level of glucose. Which newborn does the nurse anticipate will experience hypoglycemia? Select all that apply. 1 Preterm infant 2 Infant with Down syndrome 3 Small-for-gestational-age infant 4 Large-for-gestational-age infant 5 Appropriate-for-gestational-age infant

Preterm infant, LGA, and SGA

A 7-lb newborn is admitted to the nursery with a prescription for intramuscular phytonadione (vitamin K, AquaMEPHYTON) 1 mg. The nurse explains to the parents that this vitamin is administered to: 1 Facilitate bilirubin excretion. 2 Promote clotting of the blood. 3 Increase liver glycogen stores. 4 Stimulate growth of bowel flora

Promote clotting of the blood

A nurse is caring for a mother and neonate. What is the priority nursing action to prevent heat loss in the neonate immediately after birth? 1 Bottle feeding the newborn immediately after birth 2 Dressing the newborn in a shirt and gown immediately 3 Bathing the newborn in warm water as soon as possible 4 Putting the naked newborn on the mother's skin and covering the infant with a blanket

Putting the naked newborn on the mother's skin and covering the infant with a blanket

A nurse is caring for a preterm infant who is receiving oxygen therapy. What should the nurse do in an attempt to prevent retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)? 1 Cover the neonate's eyes with a shield. 2 Place the neonate in an elevated side-lying position. 3 Assess the neonate every hour with a pulse oximeter. 4 Support the neonate's saturation while providing minimal FiO2.

Support the neonate's saturation while providing minimal FiO2.

A client arrives at the clinic with swollen, tender breasts and flulike symptoms. A diagnosis of mastitis is made. What does the nurse plan to do? 1 Help her wean the infant gradually. 2 Teach her to empty her breasts frequently. 3 Review breastfeeding techniques with her. 4 Send a sample of her milk to the laboratory for testing.

Teach her to empty her breast regularly

A nurse assessing a newborn reports an asymmetric Moro reflex, and Erb palsy is diagnosed. What does the nurse understand about the origin of this problem? 1 It is acquired in utero. 2 It is a tumor arising from muscle tissue. 3 The cause is an X-linked inheritance pattern. 4 The cause is an injury to the shoulder during birth.

The cause is an injury to the shoulder during birth

The parents of a newborn who is undergoing phototherapy ask a nurse why their baby's eyes are covered with eye patches. What information should the nurse remember before responding? 1 They keep the eyes closed. 2 Overstimulation from bright lights is reduced. 3 They prevent injury to the conjunctiva and retina. 4 Excessive rapid eye movements and anxiety are limited.

They prevent injury to the conjunctiva and retina

A pregnant client is concerned that she may have been infected with HIV. What information should a nurse include when counseling this client about HIV testing? Select all that apply. 1 The risks of passing the virus to the fetus 2 What positive or negative test results indicate 3 Discussing the risk factors for contracting HIV 4 The need for pregnant women to be tested for HIV 5 The emotional, legal, and medical implications of test results

•The risks of passing the virus to the fetus •What positive or negative test results indicate •The emotional, legal, and medical implications of test results