OB Review + Pre-Lecture Quiz #1-5

In the job characteristics theory, autonomy affect which critical psychological state?

(I put meaningful outcomes of the work) It was supposed to be responsibility

When Sarah is ready to implement the job characteristics theory, she can use all of these guidelines (EXCEPT:)

-Task identity -Task significance -Feedback -Autonomy

Which of the following workforce groups has increased the least in size between 2000 and 2010? a)12 to 16 year olds b)16 to 24 year olds c)25 to 54 year olds d)50 to 54 year olds e)55 and older

25 to 54 year olds

The role of participation and empowerment in motivation can be expressed in terms of all of the following theoretical perspectives EXCEPT:

Diversity Theory

Individual who score high in ____ tend to take their jobs seriously and act responsibly at work.

Conscientiousness

Which of these refers to the number of goals on which a person focuses?

Conscientiousness

Which of these refers to the number of goals on which a person focuses? a)Agreeableness b)Conscientiousness c)Openness d)Extraversion e)Negative emotionality

Conscientiousness

Martin evaluates performance, implements reward systems, and verifies inventory levels. These are all examples of which managerial function? a)Leading b)Decision making c)Organizing d)Planning e)Controlling

Controlling

Martin evaluates performance, implements reward systems, and verifys inventory levels. These are all examples of which managerial function? a)Leading b)Decision making c)Organizing d)Planning e)Controlling

Controlling

CHAP. 3 A psychological contract is a)a description of the intellectual work the employee will be required to complete on the job. b)a legally binding agreement between the employer and the worker. c)a person's overall expectations regarding the employment arrangement. d)a written document outlining what the employee will be paid. e)a ideal employment contract developed by industrial psychologists.

a person's overall expectations regarding the employment arrangement.

In the job characteristics theory, which of the following is NOT a factor presumed to cause the emergence of psychological states? a)Task identity b)Experienced responsibility c)Task significance d)Feedback e)Autonomy

Experienced responsibility

Which of the following is first step in OB modification?

Identify Performance-Related Behavioral Events

a decision rule.

If a customer voices a complaint about food taste and temperature, some restaurants always provide a complimentary meal. This represents Question options: a standard decision. a decision rule. a nonprogrammed decision. experience. cognitive dissonance.

Motivation and productivity

In which stage of group development do members develop norms of behavior? a)Mutual acceptance b)Control and organization c)Communication and decision making d)Motivation and productivity e)Reformation

The ____ component of an attitude reflects how an individual expects to behave toward or in a situation.

Intention

Information from which of the following disciplines would be LEAST helpful in your study of organizational behavior?

Linguistics

The ____ is among the most popular personality selection instruments used today in business.

MBTI

Which of these is behavior directed at gaining power and controlling the behavior of others? a)Authoritarianism b)Positive affectivity c)Machiavellianism d)Selective perception e)Neuroticism

Machiavellianism

accident proneness.

Medical consequences of stress include all of the following EXCEPT: a)strokes. b)ulcers. c)accident proneness. d)heart attacks. e)headaches.

All of these are important reasons for understanding organizational behavior EXCEPT:

Most people do not acquire most of their material possessions from organizations

If Kenyatta is interested in understanding why her colleagues behave as they do, which of these can help? A. Operations B. Decision analysis C. Organizational behavior D. Marketing E. Finance

Organizational Behavior

OB modification attempts to use:

Positive

Which two types of reinforcement are generally accepted as means for increasing the frequency of desired behavior? a)Positive reinforcement and extinction b)Avoidance and punishment c)Avoidance and extinction d)Extinction and punishment e)Positive reinforcement and avoidance

Positive reinforcement and avoidance

The critical psychological states of the job characteristics theory include all of the following EXCEPT:

Recognition for work Outcomes.

Which of the following is not an example of a primary dimension of diversity? a)Age b)Aender c)Sexual orientation d)Mental abilities e)Religious beliefs

Religious beliefs

Empowerment will enhance organizational effectiveness under all the following conditions EXCEPT:

Renewed concentration of authority in the hands of top managers

Critical Managerial Skills

Technical skills, interpersonal skills, Conceptual skills, Diagnostic skills.

Which of the following perspectives argues that universal rules, solutions, guidelines, predictions, and principles are feasible when applied to organizations? a)The universal perspective b)Behavioral organization theory c)The systems perspective d)The interactional perspective e)The contingency Perspective

Universal Perspective

Which of the following is an example of an incentive program? a)Salary b)Gain-sharing c)Hourly rate d)Wages e)Benefits

Wages

Risk

What information condition lies between certainty and uncertainty in making decisions? Question options: Risk Rationalization Problem solving Decision rules Guesswork

RaSean is known for her ability to quickly develop solutions to problems. This demonstrates ReSean's strong a)conceptual skills. b)time management skills. c)diagnostic skills. d)interpersonal skills. e)technical skills.

diagnostic skills

RaSean is known for her ability to quickly develop solutions to problems. This demonstrates ReSean's strong a)conceptual skills. b)time management skills. c)diagnostic skills. d)interpersonal skills. e)technical skills.

diagnostic skills.

Organizations may benefit from allowing employee participation in all of the following areas EXCEPT:

corporate investment decisions.

Porter and Lawler's extension of the expectancy model argues that

high levels of performance may lead to satisfaction

Herzberg's dual-structure theory was a response to the prevailing thinking that

job satisfaction ranged from satisfaction to dissatisfaction.

According to the equity theory, inputs include all of the following EXCEPT a)education. b)experience. c)effort. d)loyalty. e)money.

money

Under the systems view, the profits that Forever 21 receives as a result of the services it provides is one type of:

output

Agreeableness includes being all of these EXCEPT: a)gentle. b)cooperative. c)understanding. d)forgiving. e)responsible.

responsible.

Job enlargement involves the process of horizontal job loading, meaning that

the employee is assigned more tasks to perform

Job enlargement involves the process of horizontal job loading, meaning that a)the employee is assigned more tasks to perform. b)the jobs are broken into small, component parts. c)each employee is given a specialized task to perform. d)the employee is assigned less monotonous and routine tasks. e)the employee is assigned tasks with more responsibility.

the employee is assigned more tasks to perform.

Choosing an alternative

Contingency plans are a part of what phase of the decision-making process? Question options: Stating the goal Evaluating alternatives Choosing an alternative Implementation Alternative generation

All of the following methods can be used to enhance individual performance at work EXCEPT:

-performance management -employee participation -goal setting -job design (all of these)

members are similar in one or several ways that are critical to the work of the group.

A group is homogeneous if a)members are similar in one or several ways that are critical to the work of the group. b)the group is highly productive. c)two or more people interact with and influence each other. d)men and women are represented equally in the group. e)the organization allows the group a high degree of autonomy.

Quality circles are an example of organizational attempts at

Empowerment

Basic Concepts of the Field

The central concepts of organizational behavior can be grouped into three basic categories: (1) individual processes, (2) interpersonal processes, and (3) organizational processes and characteristics.

Why do high-need achievers tend not to make good top managers?

Top managers seldom receive immediate feedback.

Friendship

Which of the following is a type of informal group? a)Special project b)Friendship c)Task d)Command e)Affinity

Top managers tend to depend more on their ____ skills for success in the organization.

conceptual and diagnostic

Diagnostic skills

allow managers to better understand cause-and-effect relationships and to recognize the optimal solutions to problems.

Information from performance measurement is commonly used as a basis for all of the following functions EXCEPT a)to guide recruiting, training, and development programs. b)to forecast future human resource needs. c)to plan management succession. d)to decide and jusitfy reward allocations. e)to analyze competition.

to analyze competition.

CHAP 2. Understanding and addressing the environment of a business has traditionally been the purview of a)supervisors. b)stockholders. c)workers and line managers. d)stakeholders. e)top managers.

top managers.

The Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a(n)

useful method for determining employees' communication styles and interaction preferences.

According to equity theory, people a)have the motivation to improve their standard of living. b)have the motivation to develop satisfying relationships. c)want to be treated fairly. d)want everything to be equal. e)compare what they get from a job with what they want from a job.

want to be treated fairly.

____ theory assumes that people are motivated to work toward a goal if they want that goal and think they can achieve it.

Expectancy

Which of the following usually is change our own outcome option when attempting to correct an inequitable situation?

*THIS IS A SECOND OPTION* Seek additional avenues for growth and development

All of the following methods can be used to enhance individual performance at work (EXCEPT:)

-performance management -employee participation -goal setting -job design

Command

A group of department managers who meet periodically to establish corporate policy is an example of which type of group? a)Special project b)Friendship c)Task d)Interest e)Command

stimulate energy and motivation.

A moderate degree of workload-related stress can a)stimulate energy and motivation. b)overload the nervous system. c)weaken the physical system. d)result in apathy. e)increase anxiety.

Affinity

A new product development team is an example of which type of group? a)Friendship b)Interest c)Performance d)Task e)Affinity

Some outcomes can be studied at the individual, group and organization levels. Which of the following is generally assessed at both the individual and organizational levels?

Absenteeism

Some outcomes can be studied at the individual, group and organization levels. Which of the following is generally assessed at both the individual and organizational levels? a)Absenteeism b)Financial performance c)Survival d)Norms e)Cohesiveness

Absenteeism

involves assessing all possible alternatives.

According to the rational decision-making approach, evaluate the alternatives Question options: puts the decision into action. involves assessing all possible alternatives. involves selecting an alternative with the highest payoff. is the most crucial step. diagnoses the problem.

accident proneness.

All of the following are direct organizational consequences of stress EXCEPT: a)accident proneness. b)poor work quality. c)turnover. d)absenteeism. e)lowered productivity.

Large do not set many rules or regulations.

All of the following are true of large groups EXCEPT a)Large groups formalized interactions. b)Large groups set agendas. c)Large do not set many rules or regulations. d)Large groups follow parliamentary procedures. e)Large groups offer more social interactions.

intuition.

An innate belief about something without conscious consideration is called escalation of commitment. coalition. intuition. groupthink. self-reaction.

When Juan sends out memos outling new organizational policies, he is engaging in which managerial role? A. Figurehead B. Disseminator C. Monitor D. Spokesperson E. Negotiator

B. Disseminator

If Marco is interested in utilizing job specialization as motivational technique at work, you should advise him that the primary problem associated with the specialization of jobs is

Boredom

is most frequently found among high achievers.

Burnout a)is most frequently found among high achievers. b)occurs when the worker enrolls in stress- management programs. c)occurs when a worker puts too much of himself or herself into the job. d)is more common among women than men. e)is found more often in Type B personalities

a goal.

Chap.8 A decision maker's actions are guided by personal decisions. a goal. an operating budget. interpersonal relationships. a code of honor.

interaction

Chap.9 The concept of ____ is essential to the definition of groups presented in your text. a)interaction b)coordination c)cohesion d)member personality e)proximity

The decisions are a primary responsibility of top management.

Characteristics of nonprogrammed decisions include all but which of the following? Question options: The decisions are poorly structured. Time for solution is relatively long. The consequences of decision making are far reaching. The decisions are a primary responsibility of top management. Goals are often vague.

When a construction worker decides to work additional hours on a typical workday so that he can have a three-day weekend, he is likely taking advantage of a ____ program.

Compressed work week

Which type of reinforcement schedule is effective at motivating desirable behaviors, especially in the early stages of learning? a)Variable interval b)Fixed ratio c)Fixed interval d)Variable ratio e)Continuous

Continuous

People with a high need for power can be successful managers if they:

Curb their desires when they might interfere with organizational relationships

All of the following are inputs an organization receives from its environment, EXCEPT: A. financial. B. materials. C. human. D.employee behaviors. E. informational.

Employee Behaviors

____ theory assumes that people are motivated to work toward a goal if they want that goal and think they can achieve it. a)Perception b)Equity c)Attribution d)Reinforcement e)Expectancy

Expectancy

tend to handle stress better.

Family, friends, and co-workers have always described JoAnna as a very optimistic person. In general, people like JoAnna a)tend to handle stress better. b)are more prevalent in America than in Japan or Brazil. c)are more prone to experience the physical effects of stress. d)are more prone to experience the psychological effects of stress. e)see themselves as more complex individuals.

Which of the following is an alternative work arrangement where an employee is given more control over the times worked on a typical workday? a)Flextime b)Variable work schedules c)Compressed work week d)Job sharing e)Telecommuting

Flextime

Goal-setting theory has been tested in a variety of settings. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the findings of these studies? a)Goal setting is an important way for managers to convert motivation into improved job performance. b)Goal difficulty and goal specificity are closely related to performance. c)Little is currently known about how individuals accept and become committed to goals. d)Goal setting may focus too much on the short-term at the expense of long-term issues. e)Goals set for organizations as a whole are typically more effective than goals set for individual employees.

Goals set for organizations as a whole are typically more effective than goals set for individual employees.

Participation occurs when employees

Have a voice in decisions about their own work

Which of these suggests that favorable employee attitudes result in motivation to work hard?

Human Relations Approach

Which of these assumes that people want to contribute and are able to make genuine contributions?

Human Resource Approach

Organizational behavior (OB) typically includes the study of which of the following basic components? a. Financial reporting b. Research and development c. Human behavior in organizations d. The task environment e. Customer retention

Human behavior in organizations

Which of the following is NOT a resource that organizations use in the pursuit of goals and objectives? a)Human b)Financial c)Physical d)Intangible e)Informational

Intangible

____ attempts to explain how people select, interpret, and change various situations.

Interactionalism

Which of these best describes Hofstede's masculinity dimension? a)It gives employees a sense of autonomy. b)It is the extent to which workers focus on the future. c)It enhances organizational effectiveness. d)It emphasizes assertiveness. e)It is the extent to which workers prefer clear situations.

It emphasizes assertiveness.

Which of these is NOT a problem identified with the 360-degree feedback system? a)The manager must have a think skin. b)Some comments may be threatening. c)It gives a wider range of performance-related feedback. d)Must focus on constructive criticism. e)The manager may hear some personal comments on sensitive topics.

It gives a wider range of performance-related feedback

All of the following statements regarding flextime are true EXCEPT:

It is desirable for people who want to work part-time

Justine is highly concerned about monotony and boredom plaguing his employees at work. If he starts to systematically move workers from one job to another in an attempt to minimize monotony and boredom, it refers to which of these?

Job Rotation

Which of the following best describes the current view of job enrichment? a)Job enrichment continues to be a highly successful job design. b)Nearly all Fortune 500 companies use some form of job enrichment program. c)Job enrichment has been proven to increase performance, but at the cost of lower satisfaction. d)Job enrichment has been proven to increase satisfaction, but at the cost of lower performance. e)Job enrichment has recently fallen into disfavor among managers.

Job enrichment has recently fallen into disfavor among managers

CHAP. 5 Which of these was the first widespread model of how individual work should be designed? a)Job enrichment b)Job rotation c)Job enlargement d)Motivational design e)Job specialization

Job specialization

Which of these was the first widespread model of how individual work should be designed?

Job specialization

The most difficult performance factor to manage is often

MOTIVATION

Which of the following is true about 360-degree feedback? Incorrect Response a)Very few companies have adopted 360-degree systems. b)Traditional evaluations are usually more effective than 360-degree systems. c)Evaluators in a 360-degree system tend to focus on objective performance. d)Managers are likely to hear some personal comments on sensitive topics. e)Using 360-degree feedback has several key advantages, and virtually no disadvantages.

Managers are likely to hear some personal comments on sensitive topics.

Compared to lower-level and top-level managers, middle managers require more of which skill?

Middle managers require an even distribution across all four above skills.

All of these are important reasons for understanding organizational behavior EXCEPT: a)Most people are born and educated in organizations. b)Government organizations regulate many of our activities. c)Most adults spend the better part of their lives working in organizations. d)Organizational behavior offers specific perspectives on the human side of management. e)Most people do not acquire most of their material possessions from organizations

Most people do not acquire most of their material possessions from organizations

upper management.

Nonprogrammed decisions are usually made by Question options: all employees within an organization. union workers. upper management. middle management. lower management.

this scale has received only mixed support.

Research on Holmes and Rahe's Life Change Scale shows that a)everyone who scores above 300 will experience major illness. b)this scale has received only mixed support. c)everyone has the same stress threshold. d)this scale is best suited to minority employees. e)only negative events affect your score.

Which of the following is an example of something a manager performing the role of distrubance handler might do? A)Speak at a Chamber of Commerce meeting B)Hire a new Human Resource Manager for the company C)Resolve a dispute between employees D)Develop a new strategic five-year plan for the company E)Design a new customer response system for the company

Resolve a dispute between employees

Which of the following managerial roles would likely involve allocating budget requests?

Resource Allocator

Ramone has satisfied his basic needs and has many friends. He is now trying to learn new skills and advance his career. According to Alderfer, Ramone's activities are explained by which component of ERG theory? a)Satisfaction-progression b)Frustration-regression c)Importance-satisfaction d)Satisfaction-regression e)Frustration-progression

Satisfaction-progression

Which perspective of management would most likely refute the notion that one style of leadership would enhance employee satisfaction and job performance under any condition? A. Situational perspective B. Classical perspective C. Behavioral perspective D. Interactional perspective E. Universal perspective

Situational Perspective

Which of the following is NOT an example of a contribution made to an organization as part of the psychological contract?

Status

Categorizing or labeling people on the basis of a single attribute is called

Stereotyping

Which of the following statements about information technology is NOT true? a)It has resulted in leaner organizations. b)Provides more flexible operations. c)Technology increases the financial position of a company. d)Technology has increased collaboration among employees. e)Technology has improved management processes.

Technology increases the financial position of a company.

evaluating alternatives.

The decision-making conditions of certainty, uncertainty, and risk are relevant while the decision maker is Question options: stating the situational goal. identifying the problem. evaluating alternatives. generating alternatives. determining the decision type.

Which of these is the primary concern of organizational behavior? A. The economic side of management B. The control side of management C. The human side of management D. The financial side of management E. The production side of management

The human side of management

Examples of organizational functions to outsource include all of the following EXCEPT a)The organization's payroll function. b)The organization's human resource training program. c)The organization's corporate governance program. d)The organization's facility maintenance program. e)The organization's food service facility.

The organization's corporate governance program.

Which of the following perspectives argues that universal rules, solutions, guidelines, predictions, and principles are feasible when applied to organizations? a)The universal perspective b)Behavioral organization theory c)The systems perspective d)The interactional perspective e)The contingency perspective

The universal perspective

Why do high-need achievers tend not to make good top managers? a)Top managers are required to have too much formal education. b)High-need achievers tend to make decisions that are too risky. c)Top managers seldom receive immediate feedback. d)High-need achievers delegate too many responsibilities. e)Top managers have too high a need for affiliation.

Top managers seldom receive immediate feedback.

Identification of the problem

What is the second step of the decision-making process, according to the rational decision-making approach? Question options: Identification of the problem Determination of who will make the decision The collection of pertinent data The statement of goals The establishment of rules and procedures

The reasons for forming the group determine the type of group.

What will typically happen in the first phase of group dynamics? a)The motivation of group members. b)Control and evaluation of group activities. c)A mature group evolves. d)A four-step process of group development. e)The reasons for forming the group determine the type of group.

Highly motivated

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Type B person? a)Confident b)Highly motivated c)Patient d)Not devoted to work e)Relaxed

A group that fully evolves through the four stages of development usually is productive.

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding the stages of group development? a)A group that fully evolves through the four stages of development usually is productive. b)As a group progresses through the stages of development it grows in size. c)The sequence of group development stages is set by the organization. d)Groups rarely go through more than one stage of development. e)Groups make choices about which stage of development to complete first.

Control and organization

Which of the following is the final stage of group development? a)Control and organization b)Mutual acceptance c)Cohesiveness d)Homogeneity e)Conflict and reorganization

Intrarole

Which of the following types of conflict results from conflicting demands from different sources within the same role? Correct Response a)Intrarole b)Person-role c)Intersender d)Intrasender e)Interrole

Role commitment

Which of these is NOT an example of role demand stressors? a)Role overload b)Intrasender conflict c)Role commitment d)Role conflict e)Role ambiguity

Role conflict

Which of these is caused by contradictory and competing time commitments between a boss and a spouse? a)Interpersonal demands b)Task demands c)Role overload d)Role ambiguity e)Role conflict

Interest groups

____ are informal and organized around a particular activity. a)Friendship groups b)Interest groups c)Command groups d)All groups e)Task groups

Friendship groups

____ are informal and relatively permanent. a)Special project groups b)Command groups c)Interest groups d)Friendship groups e)Task groups

Behavioral

_____ consequences of too much stress at work are smoking and alcohol abuse. a)Psychological b)Medical c)Behavioral d)Physiological e)Cognitive

Bounded rationality

_____ refers to the inability of decision makers to process all aspects of information so that the decision is made with a limited subset of information. Question options: Post-decision dissonance Groupthink block Rational bias Bounded rationality Suboptimizing issuing

Programmed

______ decisions often involve situations that occur often in a company. Question options: Nonprogrammed Poorly structured Creative Major Programmed

Andrew believes that he was promoted and given a raise based upon his hard work on the job. Andrew has a)self-efficacy. b)an internal locus of control. c)emotional intelligence. d)high self-esteem. e)an external locus of control.

an internal locus of control.

Under the systems perspective, a system is defined as a)an interrelated set of elements that functions as a whole. b)a procedure for fair and impartial performance appraisals. c)a collection of independent organizations. d)the central technology of the organization. e)the ideal process for completing a particular job.

an interrelated set of elements that functions as a whole.

Technical skills...

are skills necessary to accomplish specific tasks within the organization.

conceptual skills...

are the manager's ability to think in the abstract.A manager with strong conceptual skills is able to see the "big picture."

CHAP.6 Which of these describes self-efficacy? It refers to the extent to which an individual a)is willing to expend effort in order to attain a goal. b)believes he or she can accomplish goals even if he or she failed to do so in the past. c)is personally interested in reaching a goal. d)accepts a goal as his or her own. e)believes that a goal is worthwhile.

believes he or she can accomplish goals even if he or she failed to do so in the past.

alarm

chap.7 In the _____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome, people wonder how to cope with stressors. a)resistance b)physiological c)realization d)emotion e)alarm

After working in a fast-food restaurant for three years to pay for your college tuition, you vowed never to work in a restaurant again. But after graduation the only job offer you receive is a managerial job at a local restaurant. Your acceptance of this job may result in ____ dissonance. a)attitudinal b)behavioral c)cognitive d)affective e)intentional

cognitive

Goal ____ is defined as the extent to which a person is interested in reaching a goal. a)importance b)commitment c)acceptance d)attachment e)specificity

commitment

A knowledge worker's career path may run parallel to a management career path. The benefit of this path for the worker is a)the chance to take on substantial management responsibilities. b)more frequent training in management tasks. c)less highly specialized training. d)compensation that is equivalent to that available to management. e)freedom from specialized technical work.

compensation that is equivalent to that available to management.

When a construction worker decides to work additional hours on a typical workday so that he can have a three-day weekend, he is likely taking advantage of a ____ program. a)shortened workweek. b)telecommuting. c)flextime. d)compressed workweek. e)job sharing.

compressed workweek

Mary's ability to identify the products that consumers want to buy illustrates her _____ skills. a)diagnostic b)conceptual c)technical d)interpersonal e)decision-making

conceptual

Mary's ability to identify the products that consumers want to buy illustrates her _____ skills. a)diagnostic b)conceptual c)technical d)interpersonal e)decision-making

conceptual

Joshua is able to visualize how the various tasks within his company fit together and how each task contributes towards the "big picture." Joshua can be said to have strong

conceptual skills

Organizations may benefit from allowing employee participation in all of the following areas EXCEPT: a)what material to use. b)what tools to use. c)work schedules. d)product quality. e)corporate investment decisions.

corporate investment decisions.

Planning is the process of

determining the organization's desired future position and deciding how best to get there

The scientific management view of motivation includes all of the following EXCEPT: a)employees are motivated by money. b)work is inherently unpleasant. c)employees want to feel useful and important. d)advocates incentive pay systems. e)the nature of the work is not important

employees want to feel useful and important.

Alternative work arrangements are intended to:

enhance employee motivation and performance.

The duty of the board of directors of a public corporation is to a)audit the company's financial statements for accuracy. b)recommend new products and services. c)control the day-to-day operations of the firm. d)protect the company from harsh overseas competition and lower labor costs. e)ensure decisions by senior managers are in the best interests of the shareholders.

ensure decisions by senior managers are in the best interests of the shareholders.

The organization's compensation structure should be a)equitable. b)open to the public. c)established outside of legal constraints d)below the external labor market. e)be based on interview data.

equitable.

In the job characteristics theory, skill variety, task identity, and task significance affect which critical psychological state?

experienced meaningfulness

According to Herzberg, once a state of no dissatisfaction has been reached,

further attempts to enhance motivation via the hygiene factors will be a waste of time.

Participation occurs when employees a)work together in teams. b)have a voice in decisions about their own work. c)work closely with a mentor or supervisor. d)join a labor union or other employee association. e)become fully vested in a benefits program.

have a voice in decisions about their own work.

When a large-scale layoff is announced in Bill's company, all the workers including Bill begin to complain. According to attribution theory, we would evaluate Bill's behavior as exhibiting a)high consistency. b)high distinctiveness. c)low consistency. d)low consensus. e)high consensus.

high consensus.

Porter and Lawler's extension of the expectancy model argues that a)only extrinsic rewards are important. b)reward equity replaces valence. c)ability, traits, and role perceptions are removed from the original model. d)rewards are less important than originally thought. e)high levels of performance may lead to satisfaction.

high levels of performance may lead to satisfaction.

All of the following statements about the key outcomes expected to result from the psychological states detailed in the job characteristics theory are true EXCEPT: a)low absenteeism and turnover. b)high satisfaction with work. c)high-quality work performance. d)high profits for stockholders. e)high internal work motivation.

high profits for stockholders.

The central processes of interest in organizational behavior can be grouped into which of the following three basic categories?

individual, the group, and the organization.

Contemporary organizational behavior is both ____ in focus and ____ in nature. a)dynamic; prescriptive b)stable; consistent c)interdisciplinary; descriptive d)cross-cultural; proscriptive e)interactional; behavioral

interdisciplinary; descriptive

Not paying attention to diversity can be costly to organizations in all of the following ways EXCEPT: a)it can decrease turnover. b)it can lower productivity. c)it can block minority involvement in decision making. d)it can increase tensions among workers. e)it can increase lawsuits.

it can decrease turnover.

The problems encountered when implementing job rotation in the workplace include all of the following EXCEPT:

it increases flexibility in transferring workers to new jobs

The problems encountered when implementing job rotation in the workplace include all of the following EXCEPT: a)few companies rely on it as motivational tool. b)it increases flexibility in transferring workers to new jobs. c)it creates short-lived increases in workers' interest. d)it reduces efficiency. e)it maintains narrowly defined and routine work.

it increases flexibility in transferring workers to new jobs.

The courts and Equal Employment Opportunity guidelines have mandated that performance measurements be based on a)age and sex. b)race and national origin. c)industry standards. d)job-related criteria. e)competitive benchmarks.

job-related criteria

The primary goal of a consultant hired to solve a problem in an organization should be to

learn as much as possible about the organization and the people within it

Emotional intelligence includes all of the following EXCEPT: a)self-aware b)manage emotions c)locus of control d)self-motivation e)social skills

locus of control

Intel makes computer chips that are installed in various computers. Intel is an example of a(n) a)manufacturing organization. b)biotechnology firm. c)information technology firm. d)service organization. e)hybrid organization.

manufacturing organization

Controlling is the process of...

measuring performance and making sure things turn out as intended. It is the process of measuring performance and taking action to ensure desired results.

Leading is the process of a)designing jobs, grouping jobs into units, and establishing patterns of authority between jobs and units. b)determining the organization's desired future position and deciding how best to get there. c)motivating the organization's members to work together toward the organization's goals. d)monitoring and correcting the actions of the organization and its members to keep them directed toward their goals. e)moving organizational resources with the ultimate goal of attaining organizational goals efficiently and effectively

motivating the organization's members to work together toward the organization's goals.

CHAP. 4 The equation P = M + A + E states that performance is a function of a)motivation, activity, and equity. b)management, assets, and equity. c)motivation, ability, and environment. d)motion, activity, and equilibrium. e)mastery, acquisition, and expertise

motivation, ability, and environment.

The extent to which personality attributes are inherited from our parents or shaped by our environment is called ____ by psychologists.

nature versus nurture

Gloria generally is pessimistic and usually sees things in a negative light. Gloria has a relatively high degree of a)self-criticism. b)negative affectivity. c)locus of control. d)Machiavellianism. e)self-efficacy.

negative affectivity

All of the following are considered cultural values EXCEPT a)individualism/collectivism. b)uncertainty avoidance. c)power distance. d)masculinity. e)open-mindedness

open-mindedness

People with a high level of ____ are willing to listen to new ideas and to change their own ideas, beliefs, and attitudes in response to new information. a)agreeableness b)conscientiousness c)openness d)extraversion e)negative emotionality

openness

The benefits of job sharing include all of the following EXCEPT: a)a way to entice more workers to the organization. b)there are cost benefits to the organization. c)the organization does not have to offer benefits. d)organizations are concerned about worker safety. e)the organization can tap into a wider array of skills

organizations are concerned about worker safety.

Under the systems view, the profits that Wal-Mart receives as a result of the services it provides is one type of

output

Goal specificity has been shown to be consistently related to a)job satisfaction. b)company image. c)performance. d)social responsibility. e)ethical behavior.

performance.

The extent to which the contributions made by an individual match the inducements offered by the organization is referred to as a)a complementary contract. b)employment alignment. c)person-job fit. d)workplace balance. e)job security.

person-job fit.

One way to address privacy concerns on the Internet is to a)keep all information collected confidential. b)publicly display any information collected by the company. c)post a privacy policy on the company's web site. d)avoid collecting any private information. e)share collected information only with respectable firms.

post a privacy policy on the company's web site.

Empowerment will enhance organizational effectiveness under all the following conditions EXCEPT: a)sincere efforts to spread power and autonomy to lower levels. b)commitment to maintain participation and empowerment. c)systematic efforts to empower workers. d)renewed concentration of authority in the hands of top managers. e)increased commitment to training.

renewed concentration of authority in the hands of top managers.

Which of the following is an example of something a manager performing the role of disturbance handler might do?

role involves resolving conflicts among subordinates between the managers department and other departments.

According to Herzberg's dual-structure theory, motivation factors were often cited as the primary causes of a)job enrichment and motivation. b)satisfaction and motivation. c)dissatisfaction and lack of motivation. d)loyalty and commitment. e)higher performance and pay.

satisfaction and motivation.

Demario truly believes that he can achieve his goal of selling 10 cars each month. This belief reflects Demario's

self-efficacy

If you have the ability to understand how others feel, even without being told, you have the ability to

show empathy

Cynthia was one of many employees who received a generous Christmas bonus, which carried ____ value for Cynthia. a)symbolic b)tangible c)surface d)compensation e)intangible

surface

All organizational successes and failures result directly from a. stakeholder management. b. comprehensive selection and placement. c. supplier relationships. d. the behaviors of many people. e. the dynamics of the reward system of the organization.

the behaviors of many people.

CHAP 1. All organizational successes and failures result directly from a)stakeholder management b)comprehensive selection and placement. c)supplier relationships d)the behaviors of many people. e)the dynamics of the reward system of the organization.

the behaviors of many people.

All of the following are true about employee benefits except a)some organizations pay the entire cost of benefits. b)offering benefits became a standard component of compensation during World War II. c)some employees demand benefits through union bargaining. d)the burden of providing employee benefits is easier for firms in the United States compared to organizations in other countries. e)organizations are required by law to offer certain benefits.

the burden of providing employee benefits is easier for firms in the United States compared to organizations in other countries.

In order for social learning to take place,

the employee must possess the physical attributes needed to perform the job.

According to Maslow, if a previously satisfied lower-level need becomes deficient, a)the individual returns to the level just below the deficient level. b)the individual returns to the lowest level that is now deficient. c)the individual becomes demotivated. d)the individual advances a level. e)the individual begins again at the bottom of the hierarchy.

the individual returns to the lowest level that is now deficient.

A famous study was conducted in the automotive industry. The purpose of the study was to assess how satisfied automobile workers were with various aspects of their jobs. The facets that the workers complained about including all of the following EXCEPT

the low pay

Organizing is the process of:

the process of designing jobs, grouping jobs into manageable units, and establishing patterns of authority among jobs and groups of jobs. This process produces the basic structure, or framework, of the organization.

leading is the process of...

the third major managerial function, is the process of motivating members of the organization to work together toward the organization's goals. An Old Navy store manager, for example, must hire people, train them, and motivate them. Major components of leading include motivating employees, managing group dynamics, and the actual process of leadership itself.