OB Unit 1 Test (Chapter 1, 3, 4)

positivity offset

A ________ means that when nothing is going on, people are generally in a mildly good mood. low positive affect high negative affect residual positivity high positive affect positivity offset

employee engagement

An individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work he/she performs is known as ________. psychological empowerment loyalty employee engagement job involvement job satisfaction

cognitive dissonance

Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes results in ________. attitudinal clarification affective reactance cognitive dissonance organizational dissonance values clarification

evidence-based management

Basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific support is called ________. organizational process evidence-based management intuition organizational behavior conceptual management

are less likely to give up when confronting difficulties

Compared to people who have a negative core self-evaluation, people who have a positive core self-evaluation ________. are less satisfied with their jobs see their work as less challenging see their work as less fulfilling are less likely to gravitate toward challenging jobs are less likely to give up when confronting difficulties

critical to rational thinking

Emotions are ________. less intense as compared to moods independent of the personality of individuals strongly affected by weather less likely to be caused by a specific event than moods critical to rational thinking

exit

Employees at Acme Express are dissatisfied with the working conditions, salary, and the general attitude of the management. Mark, Susan, and Toni are good friends who work at Acme, yet each seems to be reacting differently to the problems at work. Susan has composed a list of concerns along with her suggestions for improving conditions. Susan is dealing with her dissatisfaction through ________. exit voice loyalty neglect acceptance

psychological empowerment

Employees' beliefs in the degree to which they influence their work environment, their competence, the meaningfulness of their job, and their perceived autonomy is termed as ________. employee engagement psychological empowerment job satisfaction perceived organizational support organizational commitment

illusory correlation

Gerardo believes that every time he picks up a penny he is blessed with good fortune, due to the fact that the last time he picked up a penny he had a lottery win, and the time before that he got a big bonus at work. Gerardo's perception is likely a product of a(n) ________. high-positive affect self-serving bias illusory correlation emotional dimensio affect intensity

emotional labor

If an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions (irrespective of his true emotions), then it is known as ________. deviant behavior emotional labor positive affect emotional intelligence negative affect

turnover

Job dissatisfaction is more likely to translate into ________ when employees feel or perceive they have many available alternatives. This can happen when employees have high human capital. turnover neglect absenteeism tardiness engagement

that result in an increased commitment to the organization

Job embeddedness refers to connections to the job and community ________. which provides the highest levels of job satisfaction that allows the employee to strictly focus on one or two tasks that result in an increased commitment to the organization which strengthens an organizational culture that allow supervisors to have strict control over their employees

agreeableness and conscientiousness

Of the "Big Five" personality traits, which two are most associated with job satisfaction? agreeableness and conscientiousness conscientiousness and openness to experiences extroverted and neuroticism openness to experiences and extroverted neuroticism and agreeableness

a high degree of social interaction

One implication from the evidence on EI to date is that employers should consider it a factor in hiring employees, especially in jobs that demand ________. good mathematical skills a high degree of social interaction the ability to work independently good critical thinking skills good analytical skills

the degree to which an employee identifies with the organization they work for and its goals

Organizational commitment is defined as ________. an employee's belief that the organization they work for will go to considerable lengths to ensure that its employees are treated fairly the degree to which an employee identifies with the organization they work for and its goals the degree to which an employee believes their work impacts their organization the degree to which an employee's sense of fulfillment and self-worth is related to their job the amount of effort an employee will make in order to keep or advance their position in an organization

low; negative

People who score ________ on emotional stability are more likely to react strongly to ________ events. low; positive average; positive average; negative high; negative low; negative

the level of the individual

Psychology's major contributions to the field of organizational behavior have been primarily at what level of analysis? the level of the group the level of the organization the level of interacting groups the level of culture the level of the individual

workplace deviance

Rashid is dissatisfied at work. He feels he is paid too little and asked to do too much. To compensate for his perceived unjust pay, he regularly takes work supplies home for personal use, such as computer ink cartridges, staplers, and reams of paper. Rashid's behavior is an example of ________. absenteeism workplace deviance employee OCB turnover customer satisfaction

customer satisfaction

Sharon is unhappy with her job as a salesperson at a retail store for many reasons. Yesterday a customer asked her where the shampoo was located. Sharon listlessly replied, "I don't know." She then turned her back on the customer and continued stocking the shelf. This is an example of how job satisfaction can affect ________. turnover workplace deviance absenteeism customer satisfaction employee OCB

ethical dilemmas

Situations where an individual is required to define right and wrong conduct are termed ________. human resource problems organizational complexities social puzzles ethical dilemmas diversity issues

cognitive

The belief that "violence is wrong" is an evaluative statement. Such an opinion constitutes the ________ component of an attitude. reflective reactive affective behavioral cognitive

job involvement

The degree to which a person identifies with his or her job, actively participates in it, and considers his or her performance as being important to self-worth is ________. job stability organizational commitment job involvement job satisfaction social embeddedness

inputs

The variables, such as personality, group structure, and culture, which lead to processes are called ________. abilities ethics genetics inputs resources

anthropology

This field of study has helped us understand differences in fundamental values, attitudes, and behavior between people in different countries and within different organizations. operations research anthropology psycholinguistics political science corporate strategy

surface acting

What do you call the practice of hiding inner feelings by modifying facial expressions? emotional intelligence deep acting affective camouflage confirmation bias surface acting

deep acting

What do you call the practice of modifying one's true inner feelings based on display rules? emotional intelligence affective camouflage surface acting deep acting confirmation bias

job satisfaction

What refers to a positive feeling about a job, resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics? organizational commitment job stability job involvement job satisfaction social investment

displayed emotions

What term is used for those emotions that an organization requires workers to show and considers appropriate in a given job? displayed emotions required emotions mandated emotions felt emotions conditional emotions

globalization; workforce diversity

Whereas ________ focuses on differences among people from different countries, ________ addresses differences among people within given countries. psychology; social psychology culture; diversity workforce diversity; globalization globalization; workforce diversity culturalization; workforce diversity

psychology

Which behavioral science discipline is most focused on understanding individual behavior? anthropology organizational behavior social psychology sociology psychology

the work itself

Which of the following is generally considered the best predictor of job satisfaction? supervision task interdependence pay social interactions the work itself

discouraging a friend from applying for a job at the company

Which of the following is not an example of organizational citizenship behavior? discouraging a friend from applying for a job at the company contributing to a fund for a coworker to help with medical bills working over the weekend to make sure a project gets done telling your friends about the company's great work environment volunteering to help a colleague meet a deadline

good computer skills

Which of the following is not considered a key quality of an employee in a customer-responsive culture? good computer skills accessible willing to do what's necessary to please the customer friendly and courteous knowledgeable

affect intensity

Which of the following is the term used for the strength with which individuals experience emotion? affect intensity emotional intelligence positivity offset emotional labor emotional dissonance

They are factors that moderate the relationship between two or more events or situations.

Which of the following statements best describes contingency variables? They are the cause-and-effect principles that tend to apply to all situations that have been discovered. They are scientific factors based on universal truths. They are simple and universal principles that explain organizational behavior. There is general consensus among OB researchers that they can be controlled. They are factors that moderate the relationship between two or more events or situations.

Emotions are caused by specific events.

Which of the following statements is true regarding emotions? Moods are more action oriented in nature than emotions. Emotions are less intense feelings than moods. Emotions are caused by specific events. Emotions are generally not indicated by distinct facial expressions. Emotions last longer than moods.

Felt emotions

________ are the emotions that an individual is actually experiencing, despite what they might display. Disseminative emotions Felt emotions Surface emotions Displayed emotions Conditional emotions

Social psychology

________ blends concepts from psychology and sociology and focuses on the influence people have on one another. Social psychology Political science Corporate strategy Anthropology Archaeology

Emotional intelligence

________ indicates a person's ability to be self-aware, detect emotions in others, and manage emotional cues and information. Emotional dissonance Emotional intelligence Cognitive dissonance Confirmation bias Cognitive distortion

Perceived organizational support

________ is the degree to which employees believe the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being. Perceived organizational support Organizational commitment Employee engagement Psychological empowerment Job involvement