OBHR Chap 16

______ are the beliefs, philosophies, and norms that a company explicitly states.

Espoused values

True or false: Changing leadership always creates stronger organizational cultures.

False

True or false: Strong cultures are always positive for organizations.

False

_________ is the gradual process by which employees adapt to the culture of an organization.

Socialization

Tomas was surprised when his prospective boss told him positive and negative information about the job, the company, and the working conditions. Tomas experienced which of the following?

a realistic job preview

During his interview at Maxim Engineering, Rashad was told, "It's not unusual for our employees to work 10 or more hours of overtime each week during our peak season." This would be an example of

a realistic job preview.

An example of a(n) ______ is that companies that value innovation will take risks and make some mistakes in the process.

basic underlying assumption

espoused values

beliefs, philosophies, and norms explicitly stated by an organization

Observable artifacts include language, stories, and

ceremonies.

Employees at ABA Engineering have a clear understanding and agreement about the way things are supposed to happen in the organization, and their behaviors are consistent with those expectations. It would appear that ABA Engineering has a high level of

culture strength.

A(n) ______ culture focuses on serving the customer above all other objectives.

customer service

Macy's motto is, "Be everywhere, do everything, and never fail to astonish the customer." Based on this motto, what type of culture does Macy's have?

customer service culture

A mission statement that lays out an organization's central principles is an example of ______, a component of organizational culture.

espoused values.

From which source do employees learn about most important aspects of organizational culture?

fellow employees

A mercenary culture, in which employees are not necessarily friendly but need each other to achieve the goals of the organization, would be categorized as ______ in sociability and ______ in solidarity.

low; high

observable artifacts

manifestations of an organization's culture, such as symbols, physical structures, language, and rituals

Which of the following are the most common methods to change an organization's culture?

mergers or acquisitions changing organizational leadership

The primary aspects of an organization's culture include which of the following?

observable artifacts espoused values basic underlying assumptions

Alexa has always been concerned about the environment. She is proud to work for a company that is known as an environmentally responsible retailer and gets 100% of its electricity from renewable sources. This is evidence that a good ______ exists.

person-organization fit

The degree to which an individual's personality and values match the culture of an organization is referred to as

person-organization fit.

The use of open spaces instead of offices with closed doors is a way of using ______ to shape organizational culture.

physical structures

A manufacturer has a cellular layout with groupings of workers and several machines in each "pod." This shapes a culture of collaboration and cross-training through

physical structures.

Which of the following would be included in the definition of organizational culture?

rules attitudes values

The process by which individuals learn the values, expected behaviors, and social knowledge needed for their roles in the organization is referred to as

socialization

A popular way of categorizing organizational cultures is along two dimensions: sociability (how friendly workers are) and ________ (how much workers act and think alike).

solidarity

To promote a culture of hygiene awareness in a nursing home, all nursing staff, housekeepers, and food handlers wear buttons on their uniforms reading, "Ask me if I've washed my hands." These buttons would best describe which observable artifact of the nursing home's culture?

symbols

When you walk into the reception room, the first thing you notice are photographs of the "Employee of the Month." These photographs represent which type of observable artifact of the organization's culture?

symbols

underlying assumptions

taken-for-granted beliefs and philosophies that are ingrained in employees

Which of the following are advantages of a strong culture?

the ability to differentiate the organization from others facilitating desired behaviors among employees creating stability within the organization