OBHR Exam 1
What was the effect of the Citizens United decision to allow direct unlimited contributions from businesses to politicians?
Political spending by corporations increased dramatically.
As a factor of moral intensity, how does the proximity of an issue affect the decision maker?
The greater the empathy, the higher the intensity.
What is the primary reason that stakeholder coalitions form?
The stakeholder interest(s) of different groups coincides.
What is the risk of a revolving-door hiring policy?
There may be favoritism in decision making.
Why should companies be concerned when doing business with questionable governments?
They might indirectly support the illegitimate controlling power.
Ethical relativism is most accurately defined by which statement?
What's ethical in one society may be forbidden in another.
The emergence of a public issue indicates that
a gap may be forming between what stakeholders expect and what a firm is doing.
When managers become personally involved in developing public policy, the firm is at what level of business political involvement?
aggressive
Businesses' understanding of government regulations is
both a domestic and an international issue.
17) Public issues are also referred to as
both social and sociopolitical issues
A structural remedy for an antitrust violation includes
breaking up a monopolistic organization.
An interactive business-stakeholder relationship is one where
companies actively engage with stakeholders through mutual respect and trust.
A purchasing agent giving an exclusive contract to a supplier, from which she received a valuable gift, is an example of
conflict of interest
Legal environmental intelligence includes
considerations of patents, copyrights, or trademarks.
A company that builds stakeholder coalitions to influence government is using which strategy?
constituency building
Which political action strategy seeks to gain support from other affected organizations to better influence policymakers?
constituency-building strategy
A test to determine if the benefits of regulation are worth its costs is called a
cost-benefit analysis.
When a government orders companies not to conduct business in another country because of a war, human rights violations, or the lack of a legitimate government; these orders are ca
economic sanctions.
Patterns of government collecting and spending funds to stimulate or support the economy fall under which type of policy?
fiscal
The drivers of stakeholder engagement are
goals, motivation, and operational capacity.
Which entity enforces rules to balance the relationship between business and society?
government
Business managers need a set of ethical guidelines to help them
identify and analyze the nature of an ethical problem.
Companies that believe they can make decisions unilaterally, without taking into consideration their impact on others, are
inactive.
Public policy tools involve a combination of
incentives and penalties.
A government is being asked to regulate driving distractions is an example of a public policy
input.
The main drawback to utilitarian reasoning is that
it is difficult to accurately measure both costs and benefits.
Rules that affect the supply, demand, and value of a nation's currency refer to which type of public policy?
monetary
Proactive companies are
much less likely to be blindsided by crises and negative surprises.
A nonmarket stakeholder of business is exemplified by which of the following?
nongovernmental organizations
An analysis of the stability or instability of a government is an example of scanning which type of environmental intelligence?
political
Particular stakeholders stand out to managers when they exhibit
power, legitimacy, and urgency.
When something stands out from a background, is seen as important, or draws attention it is
salient.
Since 1960, what was the growth trend in the U.S. regulatory apparatus?
significantly increased.
The role of special interest groups is an important element in acquiring intelligence from which environment?
social
One concern of critics of regulation is
the high cost to small and manufacturing businesses.
People's ethical principles come from
their religious background, family, and education.
What contribution limits are in place for a Super PAC?
unlimited amounts from groups or individuals
Regulation can be argued as justified based on
utilitarian and justice grounds.
What is the definition of public policy?
A plan of action undertaken by government officials to achieve some broad purpose affecting a substantial segment of a nation's citizens.
According to general systems theory, boundary exchanges are exemplified by which of the following?
All of these choices are correct.
By raising and lowering the interest rates at which private banks borrow money from the government, the Federal Reserve Bank influences
All of these choices are correct.
Stakeholder groups can include
All of these choices are correct.
The fiduciary duty of managers benefits a firm's
All of these choices are correct.
The reason(s) behind a corporate political strategy might be to
All of these choices are correct.
The reason(s) behind the uncertainty of an ethical decision is(are) that different people and groups
All of these choices are correct.
What role does social media play in stakeholder engagement?
All of these choices are correct.
Proponents of business as a political participant argue that
Both "a pluralistic system invites many participants" and "business is a vital stakeholder of government" are correct.
Supporters of advocacy advertisements believe that they
Both the answers "identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder" and "can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue" are correct.
The relationship between business and society is most accurately described by which statement?
Business is a distinct bounded entity within the larger bounded entity of society.
Failure to understand the beliefs and expectations of stakeholders may
C) cause the performance-expectations gap to grow larger.
Which argument says that stakeholder management realistically depicts how companies really work?
Descriptive Argument
A firm subscribing to the shareholder theory of the firm would mainly be concerned with providing long-term value for its
Investors