ocb (lesson 10)
China is home to _____ cows, pigs, and chickens.
9 billion
What is the benefit of planting mangrove trees in Guatemala's river valleys?
All of the above are benefits of planting mangrove trees.
How do biogas digesters work?
Animal waste is broken down, producing methane gas, which is then piped into homes.
Which country is the world's largest agricultural producer?
China
What solution would best address the problem of water pollution in Guatemala's villages?
Create trash sites away from the river where people can dump their waste.
The pollutant responsible for major declines in the populations of pelicans, ospreys, and other marine birds was _________
DDT
How does wealth affect food consumption in Beijing?
Diets change from vegetables to meat.
Why are farmers in Mexico diversifying their crop production?
Farmers can sell other crops while coffee is growing.
What is one assumption behind China's push for biogas production?
Forests should be protected.
During peak usage, what happens to the cost of electricity?
It almost always increases.
What is the major problem with London's water system?
It was designed and built 150 years ago.
What is different about how waste is processed in Beijing?
Many poor people in Beijing recycle waste they find to make money
Which country is the principal supplier of the world's organic coffee?
Mexico
How does the availability of food in London compare with that in Beijing?
Most food in London is imported, and in Beijing it is grown locally.
Why do plants grow so rapidly in Guatemala's river valleys, often blocking the flow of water?
Pollutants like phosphorus and other fertilizers lead to rapid plant growth.
What is one obstacle to methane fuel production on rural Chinese farms?
Rural farmers are often poor.
What source of fuel could sustainably provide electricity for China in the future?
biogas
What color smoke coming from a coal-fired power plant would indicate wasted fuel?
black
What would best address the problem of waste in London?
build more recycling facilities
Many pollutants from coal-fired power plants are properly managed today. Which of the following is currently considered to be the biggest threat to the environment?
carbon dioxide
Which energy source is the biggest polluter in London?
coal
Which conventionally grown agricultural crop uses more pesticides than any other?
coffee
Of the following techniques, which is the most commonly used for determining the concentration of pollutants that negatively affect the living resources of the ocean? Select only one answer.
death of more than 50% of a sample population following exposure to a known pollutant
Why are mudslides becoming more common in places like Guatemala?
deforestation and overgrazing
What is the Chinese government's response to the use of cars in Beijing?
develop public transportation
What human activity is the main source of air pollution in Beijing?
driving cars
What source of fuel is used by most Chinese farmers?
firewood
Where is electricity made at a coal-fired power plant?
generator
Climate models and observations to date indicate that the oceans will warm the most in _________.
high-latitude areas
What is one effect of biogas production?
improved literacy rates
What is one effect of growing coffee organically?
less-toxic waste water
What gas is a byproduct of agricultural production?
methane
What is the leading cause of deforestation in Guatemala?
need for firewood
According to the World Health Organization definition of marine pollutants, __________ is NOT a pollutant.
oil from offshore seeps
The greatest amount of oil pollution in the ocean from human sources is from __________.
petroleum consumption
Studies indicate that acidification of the ocean by the absorption of carbon dioxide is harmful to virtually all marine life and ecosystems. The group most vulnerable to both warming and acidification would be the _________.
reef corals and other calcareous organisms
All fossil fuels, including coal, are considered an indirect form of ____________ energy.
solar
The oceans' "biological pump" _________.
takes carbon from the photic zone and stores it in deep ocean water and seafloor sediments
Biomagnification of toxic substances means that __________.
toxic substances become increasingly concentrated in the tissues of organisms in each higher level of the food web
Which of the following solutions would most effectively reduce air pollution in London?
widen and create more bicycle lanes
Of the following statements about the greenhouse effect and global warming, which is/are true?
-Global warming will likely result in more prolonged droughts. -Global warming will likely result in more intense tropical storms. -Global warming will likely result in a rise in sea level due to melting glaciers and thermal expansion of warm ocean waters. -Global warming will likely result in more rainfall.
What are the main factors that contribute to the documented global rise in sea level?
-an increase in the amount of water in the ocean from the melting of ice on land -thermal expansion of ocean water as it warms
Of the following, which ocean changes are predicted to result from global warming?
-migration of marine organisms into deeper waters and toward the poles -lower amounts of dissolved oxygen in seawater -increase in ocean stratification and the development of a stronger thermocline -increased transmission distance of sound in the sea
Based on the World Health Organization's definition of marine pollution, which of the following is/are considered to be a form of marine pollution?
-raw sewage released onto the floor of the deep ocean -biodegradable food items dumped overboard from a cruise ship -sound from cargo ships traversing the ocean -warmer-than-normal water created by outflow from a coastal power plant
Chinese rural residents have access to about _____ the energy made available to city dwellers.
1/2
How have coffee farmers in Guatemala changed their farming practices to be more sustainable?
They are recycling and purifying their water.
What is one obstacle to building a large wind power array in London?
Wind power is much more expensive than other forms of electricity.
