Oceanography HW chapter 2

The first person to advance the idea of mobile continents or continental drift was

Alfred Wegener

Which of the following is an example of an oceanic-continental convergent plate boundary?

Andes Mountains

Which of the following is characteristic of oceanic-continental convergent plate boundaries?

Andesitic volcanoes

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Mariana Trench

Which of the following fossils was used as data to help reconstruct Pangea because it was a reptile found in South America and Africa?

Mesosauras

Which of the following is an example of a continental-continental divergent plate boundary?

Red Sea

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Rift valley

Wegener used which of the following to provide evidence for continental drift

Shape of continental margins

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Stanley Miller

The sea floor of which of the following oceans has the simplest and most symmetric pattern of age distribution?

The Atlantic Ocean

Which of the following is characteristic of continental-continental convergent plate boundaries?

Uplifted mountain ranges

Which of the following is characteristic of oceanic-oceanic convergent plate boundaries?

Volcanic island arcs

The Hawaiian Islands are located where the Pacific plate is

moving over a hot spot or mantle plume

Tectonic plates move about as fast as ________

your fingernails grow

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Aleutian Islands

Which of the following is an example of an oceanic-oceanic convergent plate boundary?

Aleutian Islands

Which of the following rocks is the most reliable one used to collect information about Earth's magnetic field where and when the rock originated?

Basalt

The first scientist to propose the origin of coral reefs based upon subsidence (sinking) of volcanic islands was

Charles Darwin

The tectonic forces called slab pull and slab suction may act in unison at which type of plate boundary?

Convergent

Which of the following is an example of an oceanic-oceanic divergent plate boundary?

East Pacific Rise

The book The History of Ocean Basins, which contained the idea of seafloor spreading, was written by geologist

Harry Hess

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Hawaiian Islands

Which of the following is an example of a continental-continental convergent plate boundary?

Himalaya Mountains

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Hot spot

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Hydrothermal vents

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Ice age

Most large earthquakes occur along which of the following?

Ocean trenches

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Oceanic trench

Which of the following was not used as evidence for continental drift?

Paleomagnetic reversals

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern

Panamerica

Which of the following statements is TRUE of the lithosphere?

The lithosphere is composed of the crust and the uppermost portion of the mantle

Alfred Wegener's continental drift hypothesis received much hostile criticism and ridicule from the scientific community because of which of the following?

The mechanism he proposed for the movement of the continents

Which of the following is the most convincing piece of evidence set forth to support the concept of sea floor spreading?

The oceanic pattern of alternating reversals of Earth's magnetic field.

Harry Hess suggested which of the following?

The volcanic mid-ocean ridges were formed due to sea floor spreading.

The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of a

divergent plate boundary

All continents fit together with the least number of overlaps and gaps when the continents are matched along

edges at around 2,000 meters depth

Coral reefs that initially develop along the margin of an island or continent where environmental conditions are suitable are called

fringing reefs

Coral reefs

include atolls, barrier, and fringing reefs

Based on the Theory of Plate Tectonics, you would expect to find ________ heat flow at the mid-ocean ridge and ________ heat flow at subduction zones when compared to other parts of the crust.

increased; decreased

Moving from an oceanic ridge to an oceanic trench, the thickness of the lithosphere

increases in proportion to the distance

The San Andreas Fault

is a continental transform fault

Climate distribution on Earth is primarily controlled by

latitude

Tectonic plates are pieces of the ________ that float on the more fluid ________ below

lithosphere; asthenosphere

The study of historical changes of continental shapes and positions is called

paleogeography

The seafloor magnetic pattern is best described as

parallel to and symmetric about mid-ocean ridges

Fossils of ancient polar plants are currently found near the equator because the

plants lived near the poles, but landmasses have drifted to current locations

Large volcanoes on the seafloor that are cone-shaped on top because they never reached sea level are called

seamounts

Deep ocean trenches are associated with

subduction zones

Volcanoes on the seafloor that are flat-topped because of wave erosion are called

tablemounts

Frederick Vine and Drummond Matthews determined that new ocean floor was being produced at ocean ridges by examining

the magnetic pattern of rocks on the seafloor