Online Quiz #4

Which of the following statements about the changes in bone mass and density is true?

Women lose bone mass twice as fast as men do.

Which of the following is a similarity of the cellular clock, free-radical, and mitochondrial theories?

They attempt to explain aging at the cellular level.

Researchers have found that _____ reduces the oxidative damage created by free radicals.

a diet restricted in calories

Alzheimer disease involves a deficiency in an important brain messenger chemical _____.

acetylcholine

Prejudice against others because of their age, especially prejudice against older adults, is known as _____.

ageism

The _____ is involved in memory.

hippocampus

In Erik Erikson's theory, adults strive for generativity to achieve a sense of _____.

immortality

All of the following are symptoms of major depression EXCEPT: listlessness changes in appetite paranoia loss of interest or pleasure in normal activities

paranoia

Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the 75 to 84 and 85 and over age groups?

Cardiovascular disease

_____ is the global term for any neurological disorder in which the primary symptoms involve a deterioration of mental functioning.

Dementia

Which of the following biological reasons explains women's increased resistance to infections and degenerative diseases?

Estrogen production and the additional X chromosome

The neurotransmitter _____, which helps to control the preciseness of the signal sent from one neuron to another, decreases with aging.

GABA

Why are older adults more likely to forget what items they wanted to buy at a grocery store (unless they write them down on a list and take the list with them) than they are to forget how to drive a car?

Implicit memory is less likely to be adversely affected by aging than explicit memory.

What is the main difference between the way younger people and older people respond to stress?

Older people keep stress hormones in their system for longer periods.

Which of the following are prematurely aging cells that result from persistent immune activation?

Senescent T cells

The concept of "use it or lose it" is a significant component of the _____ model of cognitive optimization that addresses strategies to buffer age-related declines in intellectual development.

engagement

The human genome has not changed markedly in the last century, yet obesity has noticeably increased. This indicates that:

environmental factors play an important role in obesity.

The most common predictors of depression in older adults include all of the following EXCEPT: death of a spouse or other loss events poor health lack of disability. low social support

lack of disability

As he looks back over his life, Chris realizes that his work was not as important to him as he believed, and that he lost too much valuable time with his children. If he could do it over again, he would work less and spend more time with his children. According to Erikson, Chris is experiencing some degree of _____.

stagnation

According to the cellular clock theory, after about 70 or 80 replications, the cell no longer can reproduce and the _____ are dramatically reduced.

telomeres