Operating Systems Chapter 1 questions

False

Card systems date from the earliest computers, which relied on punched cards or tape for input when a job was entered by assembling the cards into a deck and running the entire deck of cards through a card reader as a group.

True

Few major advances were made in data management during the 1960s.

True

The central processing unit (CPU) is the brains of the computer with the circuitry to control the interpretation and execution of instructions.

False

The minicomputer of the 1970s was smaller than the microcomputer.

I/0 devices

____ include(s) every peripheral unit in the system such as printers, disk drives, CD/DVD drives, flash memory, keyboards, and so on. a. The CPU c. Processors b. I/O Devices d. Secondary components

Job Scheduling

____ introduced the need for control cards, which defined the exact nature of each program and its requirements. a. Job scheduling c. Job control b. Control scheduling d. Structure control

Tower

In a computer, the ____ holds the Central Processing Unit, the Arithmetic and Logic Unit, registers, cache, and main memory. a. parallel system c. tower b. USB interface d. monitor

True

The first bug was a moth trapped in a Harvard computer.

False

The high-level portion of the Process Manager is called the Process Scheduler.

Device Manager

The ____ allocates each resource, starts its operation, and, finally, deallocates the resource, making it available to the next process or job. a. Device Manager c. Keyboard Manager b. File Manager d. Memory Manager

Interrupt

The most common mechanism for implementing multiprogramming was the introduction of the ____ concept, which is when the CPU is notified of events needing operating systems services. a. paging c. messaging b. sharing d. interrupt

Firmware

The ____ is used to indicate that a program is permanently held in ROM (read only memory), as opposed to being held in secondary storage. a. hardware c. software b. firmware d. shareware

False

Until the mid-1970s, all computers were classified by price alone.

kernel

The name for the core part of an operating system is____. a. manager c. core b. center d. kernel

processor capacity

The primary distinguishing characteristic of modern computers is ____. a. memory capacity c. disk space b. processor capacity d. physical size

True

If the control unit has two buffers, the second buffer can be loaded while the first buffer is transmitting its contents to or from the CPU.

Control Unit

In second-generation computers, to reduce the discrepancy in speed between the I/O and the CPU, an interface called the ____ was placed between them to act as a buffer. a. control unit c. holder b. scheduler d. buffer manager

False

In the 1950s, only one FORTRAN program could run at a time, and then the FORTRAN compiler had to be reloaded into memory.

True

Real-time systems are used in time-critical environments where reliability is key and data must be processed within a strict time limit.

False

Onboard systems are computers placed inside other products to add features and capabilities.

Batch and interactive

A hybrid system is a combination of the ____ systems. a. batch and interactive c. interactive and real-time b. batch and real-time d. real-time and general-purpose

True

A process requires space in main memory where it resides during its execution although, from time to time, it requires other resources such as data files or I/O devices.

2.4 trillion

A supercomputer can perform ____ floating-point operations per second. a. 240 million c. 2.4 trillion b. 2.4 billion d. 24 trillion

Virtual Memory

A system with ____ divides programs into parts and keep them in secondary storage, bringing each part into memory only as it is needed. a. virtual memory c. segmented processing b. shared memory d. passive multiprogramming

Lightweight process

A thread (or ____) can be defined as a unit smaller than a process, which can be scheduled and executed. a. heavyweight process c. kernel b. lightweight process d. distributor

Multimedia

A typical ____ computer houses devices to perform audio, video, and graphic creation and editing. a. multiprocessor c. networked b. multimedia d. PDA

False

An operating system is a special type of hardware.

True

Operating systems with networking capability have a fifth essential manager called the Network Manager that provides a convenient way for users to share resources while controlling users' access to them.

True

Many early programs used convoluted logic that only the original programmer could understand, so it was nearly impossible for anyone else to debug or change the program later on.

True

Networking was not always an integral part of operating systems.

Workstations

Powerful microcomputers developed for use by commercial, educational and government enterprises are called ____. a. supercomputers c. terminals b. minicomputers d. workstations

Businesses

Second-generation computers were developed to meet the needs of ____. a. the government c. secondary education b. businesses d. scientific labs

True

Since the mid-1970s rapid advances in computer technology have blurred the distinguishing characteristics of early machines.

True

The Device Manager monitors every device, channel, and control unit.

False

The File Manager is responsible for data files but not program files.

True

The Intel 4004 chip in 1971 had 2,300 transistors while the Pentium II chip twenty years later had 7.5 million, and the Pentium 4 Extreme Edition processor introduced in 2004 had 178 trillion transistors.

False

The Memory Manager is in charge of indirect memory, also known as ROM.

False

The Memory Manager, the Interface Manager, the User Manager, and the File Manager are the basis of all operating systems.

True

The operating system manages each and every piece of hardware and software.

Internet

The overwhelming demand for ____ capability in the mid-1990s sparked the proliferation of networking capability. a. e-mail c. Internet b. processing d. FTP

True

The supercomputer was developed primarily for government applications needing massive and fast number-crunching ability to carry out military operations and weather forecasting.

Embedded

The type of system designed to perform one specific function is ____. a. Real-time c. Embedded b. Interactive d. Hybrid

1940-1955

Vacuum tube computers were used during the period of ____. a. 1920s-1930s c. 1940-1955 b. 1935-1945 d. 1945-1960

True

When the Processor Manager receives a command, it determines whether the program must be retrieved from storage or is already in memory, and then notifies the appropriate manager.

Linux, NetWare, UNIX, Windows

____ Operating systems are typically used for a network platform. a. IRIX, UNICOS b. Linux, Macintosh, MS-DOS, Windows 2000/XP c. Linux, NetWare, UNIX, Windows d. IBM OS/390, UNIX

Real-time

____ Systems are used in time-critical environments where reliability is key and data must be processed within a strict time limit. a. Embedded c. Interactive b. Hybrid d. Real-time

objects

____ are self-contained modules (units of software) that provide models of the real world and can be reused in different applications. a. Objects c. Peripherals b. Kernels d. Threads

Virutalization

____ is the partitioning of a single server, each of which can support a different operating system. a. Multiprocessing c. Virtualization b. Multithreading d. Shared processing

Blocking

____ means that several logical records are grouped within one physical record. a. Grouping c. Combining b. Fixing d. Blocking

User Command Interface

____, part of the operating system, is unique to each operating system. a. User Command Interface c. Memory Manager b. Process Manager d. File Manager