Operations Management Exam 1 (Ch. 1, 2, 3 & 7)

A process that cannot be weighed or measured is known as: -time dependent -intangible -perishable -tangible

intangible

Three Factors when Determining how Different the New Service IS

1. Similarity to Current Services 2. Similarity to Current Process 3. Financial justification

The total output from a production system in one day is 900 units and the total labor necessary to produce the 900 units is 900 hours. Using the appropriate productivity measure, what is the resulting productivity ratio? -1.000 -1.428 -0.700 -0.411 -None of these

1.000 900 units/900 hours = 1.0 unit per hour

The total output from a production system in one day is 500 units and the total labor necessary to produce the 500 units is 350 hours. Using the appropriate productivity measure, which of the following numbers represents the resulting productivity ratio? -1.000 -1.428 -0.700 -0.411 -None of these

1.428 500 units/350 hours = 1.428

Larry's Auto Body Repair Shop had revenues that averaged $60,000 per week in April and $50,000 per week in May. During both months, the shop employed six full-time (40 hours/week) workers. In April the firm also had four part-time workers working 25 hours per week, but in May there were only two part-time workers and they only worked 10 hours per week. What is the percentage change in labor productivity from April to May for Larry's Auto Body Repair? A.-20.00% A. -20.00% B. -15.82% C. 8.98% D. 2.3% E. -25.00%

8.98% Labor productivity is output (revenue) divided by hours of labor input. For April, revenue per week was $60,000 and labor hours were 4 x [(40 x 6) + (25 x 4)]. This is 60,000/1,360 or 44.12 dollars per hour of labor. For May, revenue per week was $50,000 and labor hours were 4 x [(40 x 6) + (10 x 2)] This is 50,000/1,040 or 48.08 dollars per hour of labor a difference of $3.96 per hour. The percentage change in productivity between April and May, then, is 3.96/44.12 = 0.0898 x 100 = 8.98%. (Note: this analysis assumes four weeks in each month and equal productivity for each hour worked.)

Regarding inventory turnover as an operations efficiency measure, which of the following is the most appropriate answer? -measures efficiency in turning inventory into sales -purpose is to measure liquidity -A or B but not both -A and B -neither A nor B

A and B

How Product Processes are Organized: Manufacturing Cell

A dedicated area where products that are similar in processing requirements are produced At panera -- you order the same way no matter what panera you are at

An activity-system map is which of the following? -A network guide to route airlines -A listing of activities that make up a project -A diagram that shows how a company's strategy is delivered to customers -A facility layout schematic noting what is done where -A timeline displaying major planned events

A diagram that shows how a company's strategy is delivered to customers Activity-system maps such as the one for IKEA shows how a company's strategy is delivered through a set of tailored activities

The triple bottom line is economic prosperity, environmental stewardship, and social responsibility. Modern companies need to focus on which aspect of the triple bottom line? -Social and economic -Social and environmental -Economic and environmental -All of them

All of them

How Product Processes are Organized: Continuous Process

Assembly line only the flow is continuous such as liquids same thing over & over again

Which of the following is not included in the detail design phase of the product development process? -Process plan -Standard parts -Business goals -Tooling

Business goals

Engineer to order

Combine customers with workers/engineers/laborers to create for you exactly what you want The firm works with the customer to design the product, which is then made from purchased material, parts & components example: custom corporate jet

Make to order

Customer gives blueprints of what exactly they want & manufacturer makes it for them; makes & waits for customer to order A production environment where the product is built directly from raw materials and components in response to a specific customer order Example: a meal at a nice restaurant

Which of the following is not a step required to make a good? -Making -Sourcing -Delivering -Decoupling

Decoupling

This phase includes the complete specification of the geometry, materials, and tolerances of all the unique parts in the product and the identification of all the standard parts to be purchased from suppliers. -System level design -Detail design -Concept development -Planning

Detail design

Identify the activities of the production ramp-up phases. Check all that apply. -Evaluate early production output -Produce a list of parts to be purchased -Begin operation of entire production system -Place early production with key customers

Evaluate early production output, begin operation of entire production system & place early production with key customers

True or false: A key decision point in the generic development process during "Phase 4: Testing and Refinement" is concept approval.

False Concept approval is not part of the generic development process discussed in the text.

True or false: In a concurrent engineering approach to product design and development, an integration team ensures that various parts of the product are compatible with the needs of the target customer.

False Detail design of the components is a highly parallel process, often referred to as concurrent engineering, with many separate development teams working at once.

True or false: Quality function deployment is an engineering analysis whose purpose is to simplify products and processes.

False One approach to getting the voice of the customer into the design specification of a product is quality function deployment (QFD).

True or false: A key decision point in the generic development process during "Phase 1: Concept Development" is project approval.

False Phase 1: Concept Development. In this phase, the needs of the target market are identified, alternative product concepts are generated and evaluated, and one or more concepts are selected for further development and testing. A concept is a description of the form, function, and features of a product and is usually accompanied by a set of specifications, an analysis of competitive products, and an economic justification of the project. Project approval is not mentioned.

True or false: Early prototypes of a new product, using the same geometry and material processes as the production versions, are usually constructed during the concept development phase of the product development process.

False Phase 4: testing and refinement. The testing and refinement phase involves the construction and evaluation of multiple preproduction versions of the product. Early prototypes are usually built with parts with the same geometry and material properties as the production version of the product but not necessarily fabricated with the actual processes to be used in production.

True or false: The generic development process outlined in the textbook is followed by many, if not most, of the firms in the Fortune 500.

False Some firms define and follow a precise and detailed development process, while others may not even be able to describe their processes. Every organization employs a process that is different from that of every other organization; in fact, the same organization may follow different processes for different product groups.

True or false: value analysis/value engineering has its objective to increase product quality and reduce costs.

False The purpose of value analysis/value engineering is to simplify products and processes.

True or false: The main purpose of concurrent engineering is to improve product quality.

False Traditionally, the attitude of designers has been "We design it; you build it." This has now been termed the "over-the-wall approach," where the designer is sitting on one side of the wall and throwing the design over the wall to the manufacturing engineers. These manufacturing engineers then have to deal with the problems that arise because they were not involved in the design effort. One way to overcome this problem is to consult the manufacturing engineers during the design stage. The resulting teamwork avoids many of the problems that might arise. These concurrent engineering teams require analysis tools to help them study proposed designs and evaluate them from the point of view of manufacturing difficulty and cost.

Just-in-time (JIT) production was pioneered by which country?

Japan

What type of firm invests in lean manufacturing programs in order to improve customer service levels for a given inventory investment? -Engineer to order -Assemble to order -Make to order -Make to stock

Make to stock

Make to stock

Make, put in warehouse as finished goods & then sell it A production environment where the customer is served "on demand" from finished goods inventory Examples: -automobiles -- make 1 million -- give to dealerships & let them sell -televisions, clothing, packaged food products

For product design of consumer products, which of the following are very important activities? Select all that apply. -Clinical tests -Market testing new products -Being able to change consumer preferences -Understanding consumer preferences -Being able to make the products

Marketing testing new products & understanding consumer preferences

A company known for delivering high-volume standardized services. -McDonald's -Warner Brothers Entertainment -Ford Motor Company -Northside Hospital

McDonald's

Works with people to figure out the best way to deliver the goods and services of the firm. -Chief information officer -OSCM manager -Chief financial officer -Chief executive officer

OSCM manager

______________ ____________ is a specific marketing oriented dimension that clearly differentiates a product from competing products

Order winner

The terms that describe marketing-oriented dimensions that are key to competitive success. Check all that apply. -Order winner -Production qualifier -Order qualifier -Marketing winner -Production winner -Marketing qualifier

Order winner & order qualifier

Which of the following is a multi-factor measure of productivity? -Output/materials -Output/(Labor + Capital + Energy) -Output/All resources used -Output/Inputs -All of these

Output/(Labor + Capital + Energy)

Which of the following is a total measure of productivity? -Output/materials -Output/(Labor + Capital + Energy) -Output/Labor -Output/Inputs -All of these

Output/inputs

If all you knew about a production system was that total daily output was 400 units and the total labor necessary to produce the 400 units was 350 hours, what kind of productivity measure could you use to compute productivity? -Partial measure -Multifactor measure -Total measure -Global measure -All of these

Partial measure

If all you knew about a production system was that total daily output was 400 units and the total labor necessary to produce the 400 units was 350 hours, and the total materials used were 425 units, what kind of productivity measure could you use to compute productivity? -Partial measure -Multifactor measure -Total measure -Partial measure and multifactor measure -Multifactor measure and total measure

Partial measure and multifactor measure Partial measure and multifactor measure is the most correct of the answers. You could se either a partial or a multifactor measure or both kinds of measure.

A framework depicting when the different production process types are typically used depending on volume & standardization is known as what? -Process cost matrix -Product process matrix -Process time matrix -Product volume matrix

Product process matrix

Which of the following is NOT one of the dimensions depicted on a product-process matrix? -Level of service -Product cost -Product time -Product standardization

Product standardization

In developing technology-push products, a firm begins with what type of technology? Check all that apply. -Computer technology -Proprietary -New -One it has experience with

Proprietary & new

Breakeven Demand

Purchase of process or equipment/price per unit - cost per unit OR total fixed cost of process or equipment/unit price to customer - variable cost per unit

In development of an operations and supply chain strategy, which of the following may be an important product-specific criteria to consider? -Focus -Production lot size -Supplier after-sale support -Learning curve -Total quality management

Supplier after-sale support An important competitive dimension may be the ability of a firm to support its product after the sale

Which of the following best describes a market-pull situation? -The market drives the development decisions -The firm drives the development decisions -An outside design firm drives the development decisions -A new technology drives the development decisions

The market drives the development decisions

Complexity

The number of steps involved in a service and the possible actions that can be taken at each step example: go to restaurant, stay in line, get in, drink first, food, desert, then you get your check

What are the outputs of the detail design phase? Check all that apply. -The process plans for the fabrication and assembly of the product -Drawings or computer files describing the geometry of each part -A decision regarding which outsourcing company to use for each part -A geometric layout of the product -The specifications of purchased parts -A preliminary process flow diagram for the final assembly process

The process plans for the fabrication and assembly of the product, drawings or computer files describing the geometry of each part & the specification of purchased parts

How Product Processes are Organized: Project

The product remains in a fixed location Manufacturing equipment is moved to the product

True or false: DFMA stands for design for manufacturing and assembly.

True

True or false: Designing a new product for aesthetics and for the user is generally termed industrial design.

True

True or false: Target customers are specified during "Phase 0: Planning" of the generic product development process.

True Phase 0: Planning. The planning activity is often referred to as "phase zero" because it precedes the project approval and launch of the actual product development process. This phase begins with corporate strategy and includes assessment of technology developments and market objectives. The output of the planning phase is the project mission statement, which specifies the target market for the product, business goals, key assumptions, and constraints.

True or false: Quality function deployment involves listening to customers to determine the characteristics of a superior product.

True The QFD process begins with studying and listening to customers to determine the characteristics of a superior product.

True or false: concept development is one of the typical phases of product development.

True Consists of six phases The process begins with a planning phase, which is the link to advanced research and technology development activities. The output of the planning phase is the project's mission statement, which is the input required to begin the concept development phase.

The term that seeks to achieve better performance at a lower cost while maintaining all functional requirements defined by the customer is known as: -TQM -VA/VE -QFD -JIT

VA/VE Value analysis/Value engineering

A company known for delivering high-volume standardized goods and service is: -Great Clips -Walmart -McDonald's -Northside Hospital

Walmart

How Product Processes are Organized: Assembly Line

Work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the product is made progressive steps

Which of the following is NOT a platform product? -a fuel cell motorcycle -the apple iOS operating system -the hybrid motor used in the toyota prius -the video imaging system used in cannon cameras

a fuel cell motorcycle

Lean Manufacturing

a means of achieving high levels of customer service with minimal inventory investment satisfies customer with minimum inventory & minimum cost

Which of the following is not a type of process in the supply chain? -making -planning -marketing -sourcing

marketing

This type of map can be useful in understanding how good the fit is between the system of activities and the company's strategy. -Tactical maps -Cause-and-effect maps -Competitive maps -Activity-system maps

activity-system maps

One reason for studying operations and supply chain management (OCSM) is which of the following? -OSCM is essential for understanding organizational behavior -Most business graduates do OSCM work regardless of their job title -All managers should understand the basic principle that guide the design of transformation processes -OSCM is a required course in all business degree programs -OSCM is the most rigorous business discipline

all managers should understand the basic principles that guide the design of transformation processes

Which of the following is an example of a goods producing business? Please select all that apply. -an automobile manufacturer -a car manufacturer -a hospital -a call center -the IT department of a large university

an automobile manufacture & a car manufacturer

Contract Manufacturer

an organization capable of manufacturing and/or purchasing all the components needed to produce a finished product

A hospital wishes to improve its patient check in process by studying the check in process at a local five star hotel. What is this called? -Competitive analysis -Benchmarking -Redesign -Process design

benchmarking

What involves the data of analysis of data to better solve business problems? -business analytics -information technology -supply chain management -operations management

business analytics

In what phase are the needs of the target market identified? -Concept -System level design -Planning -Detail design

concept

An organization that is capable of manufacturing and/or purchasing all the components needed to produce a finished product is called a(n): -design manufacturer -contract manufacturer -service manufacturer -outsource manufacturer

contract manufacturer

A company's _____________ is the one thing that it can do better than its competitors. -bidding process -core competency -sourcing strategy -order qualifier

core competency

A major competitive dimension that forms a company's strategic operational competitive position in their strategic planning in which of the following? -cost or price -focus -automation -straddling -activity-system mapping

cost or price

Which of the following is not a step in the risk management process? -Assess the potential impact of the risk -Create an activity-system map -Develop plans to mitigate risk -Identify sources of potential disruptions

create an activity-system map

Which of the following are not outputs of the initiatives phase of formulating an operations and supply chain strategy? Check all that apply. -Customer preferences -Specific project plan -Product/platform changes

customer preferences & specific project plan

Which of the following is the type of product that is developed in response to a specific order by a customer? -customized products -high risk products -process intensive products -quick build products

customized products

Which of the following are not listed in the text as jobs in OSCM? -Department store manager -Project manager -Hospital administrator -Data center manager -Call center manager

data center manager typical management and staff jobs in operations and supply chain management do not list data center manager

Which of the following are defined as core goods? -Chemicals -Airlines -Data storage systems -Hotels -None of these

data storage systems

The competitive dimension that deals with getting the product to the customer when promised is... -flexibility -after-sale support -delivery reliability -delivery speed

delivery reliability

To use quality function deployment, interfunctional teams from what areas are used? Check all that apply. -Top management -Design engineering -Marketing -Manufacturing -Accounting

design engineering, marketing & manufacturing

This phrase includes the complete specification of the geometry, materials, and tolerances of all the unique parts in the product and the identification of all the standard parts to be purchased from suppliers. -Planning -System level design -Concept development -Detail design

detail design

Which of the following is not a measure of operations and supply chain management efficiency used by Wall Street? -inventory turnover -revenue per employee -receivable turnover -earnings per share -asset turnover

earnings per share

The incorporation of environmental considerations into the design and development of products or services is known as ____________________.

ecodesign

Doing something at the lowest possible cost is known as... -quality -effectiveness -efficiency -value

efficiency

What refers to the use of the Internet as an essential element of business activity? -BCB commerce -Electronic commerce -Cloud computing -B2C commerce

electronic commerce

Similarity to current process

even the greatest service ideas require operational support to execute the more similar they are to the current process, the more of that support is already in place examples: -burger king vs. mcdonald's -fried vs grilled -starbucks vs mcdonalds vs dunkin

One of the "package of features" that make up a service is: -appearance -facilitating goods -packaging -cost -implied use

facilitating goods the package of features that make up a service is listed in the text and includes facilitating goods

True or false: an operations and supply chain strategy is independent of the corporate strategy.

false

True or false: each activity in the strategic planning process is conducted only once a year.

false

True or false: the testing & refinement phase precedes the detail design phase.

false

True or false: a firm can excel simultaneously on all competitive dimensions.

false -- it is impossible to be good at absolutely everything

The _____________ product development process is modified to face high-risk situations by taking steps to address risks in the earliest stage of product development.

generic

Each of the following is one of the five differences between services and goods EXCEPT: -package of features -customer interaction -intangible -homogeneous -perishable

homogeneous

Which of the following best describes technology-push products? i. Begins with a new technology and looks for an appropriate market ii. Looks for an appropriate market and develops a new technology iii. Purchases new technology and creates an appropriate market. -i -ii -i and ii -i, ii, and iii

i. Begins with a new technology and looks for an appropriate market

All other things remaining the same, if the sales revenue increases, asset turnover ratio will: -increase -decrease -stay the same -may increase or decrease -there is no way to tell for sure

increase

Current issues in OSCM do NOT include: -Coordinating relationships between organizations -Making senior management aware that OSCM can be a competitive weapon -Optimizing global supplier, production, and distribution networks -Managing customer touch points -Increasing global supply chain employment

increasing global supply chain employment the "current issues" in OSCM are: 1. coordinating the relationships between mutually supportive but separate organizations 2. optimizing global supplier, production, and distribution networks 3. managing customer touch points 4. raising senior management awareness of OSCM as a significant competitive weapon

Designing for the user is generally termed -industrial design -process design -consumer design -value design

industrial design

The ratio of cost of goods sold to average industry value is known as: -receivables turnover -employee turnover -inventory turnover -asset turnover

inventory turnover

For quick-build products, what happens when time or budget runs out? Check all that apply. -Low priority features may be omitted -Features may be added to the next generation -The product is scrapped because it is not doable

low priority features may be omitted & features may be added to the next generation

Which of the following is not a major strategic operational competitive dimension that forms a company's competitive position? -cost or price -delivery speed -delivery reliability -management acumen -coping with changes in demand

management acumen The operational competitive dimensions that form a company's competitive position are listed in the text. Management acumen is not mentioned.

A common set of financial indicators that Well Street tracks to benchmark companies are called what? -Days of supply of inventory -Management efficiency ratios -Inventory turns -Balance sheet -Income statement

management of efficiency ratios

Which of the following design criteria are essential to having a low-cost manufacturing process? -customer -aesthetics -manufacturability -value to the customer

manufacturability

What type of risks are involved in high-risk products? Check all that apply. -Personal -Market -Technical -Legal

market & technical

Order winners and qualifiers represent a link between operations and what other business function? -Engineering -Finance -Accounting -Marketing

marketing

The output of the planning phase is which of the following: -process plan -prototype -work product -mission statement

mission statement

Similarity to current services

new service should fit into the current service experience for the customer examples: -haircuts -- "we're doing the same haircut, but we do it differently" -restaurants (10-20-30 tables, big bar, and small parking lot -- they want you to sit at the bar & drink & pay for it) -alcohol being free in vegas so you can gamble your money away

Financial Justification

new services are costly & should be financially justified starbucks has a whole process of making their coffee vs mcdonalds just pouring the coffee beans into a grinder with hot water

What is defined as the design, operation, and improvement of the systems that create and deliver the firm's primary products and services? -Operations and supply chain management -Aggregate planning -Master production scheduling -Supply chain management -Inventory management

operations and supply chain management

Which of the following competitive dimensions relates to environmental impact? -other product-specific criteria -delivery reliability -labor -new product introduction speed

other product-specific criteria

Which of the following is a partial measure of productivity? -Output/materials -Output/(Labor + Capital + Energy) -Output/All resources used -Output/Inputs -All of these

output/materials

What trend(s) is/are forcing companies to find flexible ways to meet customer demand? -TQM -outsourcing & mass customization -increasing levels of inventory -long shipping times for goods produced overseas

outsourcing & mass customization

Supply chain coordination risks that are associated with the day-to-day management of the supply chain, which are normally dealt using which of the following? Check all that apply. -Overtime -Long-term contracts -Safety lead time -Insurance -Safety stock

overtime, safety lead time & safety stock

One of more activities that transform inputs into outputs is/are called what? -Making -Returning -Process -Sourcing -Planning -Delivering

process

Product-service bundling refers to a company building service activities into it's product offerings for its customers. Which of these service activities would not be included in the product-service bundle? -maintence -product design -training -square part provisioning

product design

Building service activities into a firm's product offering is known as... -product-service processing -product-service decoupling -product-service bundling -product-service handling

product-service bundling

The purpose of which of the following phases is used to make products using the intended production system? -testing and refinement -planning -detail design -production ramp-up

production ramp-up

Which of the following is not one of the phases in the generic product development process? -testing and refinement -production ramp up -detail design -systems level design -purchasing -concept -planning

purchasing

Where do food products fall on the goods-service continuum? -Core goods -Core services -Pure services -Pure goods

pure goods

The correct order in the goods-services continuum is: > pure services - core services - core goods - pure goods > pure goods - pure services - core services - core goods > pure goods - pure services - core goods - core services > pure goods - core goods - core services - pure services > core goods - core services - pure goods - pure services

pure goods - core goods - core services - pure services

The goods-services continuum consists of which set of the following categories? -No goods, some goods, even mix, some service, no service -Pure goods, core goods, core services, pure services -No service, some service, good service, excellent service -Self-service, help desk service, face-to-face service, service-with-a-smile

pure goods, core goods, core services, pure services

Assemble to order

put parts together because the customer ordered one vs a different one A production environment where preassembled components, subassemblies, and modules are put together in response to a specific customer order. Example: hamburger at a fast food restaurant, dell computer -- this much memory, these features, etc.

An approach to getting the voice of the customer into the design specification of a product is called: -design for the customer -quality function deployment -design for the environment -design for innovation

quality function deployment

Which of the following is a measure of operations and supply measurement efficiency used by Wall Street? -dividend payout ratio -current ratio -receivable turnover -earnings per share growth -financial leverage

receivable turnover

Which of the following is not one of the basic categories of cash flow for a typical new-product development project? -Research cost -Production cost -Ramp up cost -Development cost

research cost

All of the following are competitive dimensions that form a firm's competitive position EXCEPT: -Retail store -delivery speed -cost -flexibility

retail store

What tool involves assessing the probability or relative frequency of an event against the aggregate severity of the loss? -Risk mapping -Risk strategy -Risk planning -Risk forecasting

risk mapping

Supply chain coordination risks that are associated with the day-to-day management of the supply chain, which are normally dealt using which of the following? Check all that apply. -Safety stock -Overtime -Insurance -Long-term contract -Safety lead time

safety stock, overtime & safety lead time

Which of the following is not a way that operations and supply processes are categorized? -Planning -Return -Delivery -Selecting -Making

selecting operations & supply chain processes can be conveniently categorized as planning, sourcing, making, delivering, and returning

Which of the following is used to understand project trade-offs? -sensitivity analysis -ecodesign -breakeven -house of quality

sensitivity analysis

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that distinguishes services from goods? -Service jobs are unskilled -A service is intangible -Services are perishable -Services are heterogeneous -None of these

service jobs are unskilled Many service jobs are highly skilled such as physician, attorney, airline, pilot, OSCM instructor, etc. The characteristics that distinguish goods from services are: 1. tangibility 2. interaction with the customer 3. services are heterogenous 4. services are perishable and time dependent 5. services are seen as a package of features that affect the five senses

________________ are individuals or organizations that legally own one or more shares of stock in the company. -consumers -shareholders -employees -stakeholders

shareholders

How Product Processes are Organized: Workcenter (job shop)

similar equipment or functions are grouped together business department building -- all accounting teachers in the same hall, all accounting teachers offices in the same hall, etc.

The greatest improvements related to DFMA arise from what? -increasing the technology of the production process -raising the quality of the components -outsourcing the production -simplification of the product

simplification of the product

Measures of product development success can be categorized into which of the following? Select all that apply. -First year sales -Speed to bring online -Development process productivity -Strategic fit for the organization -Quality of the actual product

speed to bring online, development process productivity & quality of the actual products

When a company seeks to match the benefits of a successful position and maintain their current position in the marketplace it is attempting a(n) ________________ approach.

straddling

When a company seeks to match the benefits of a successful position while maintaining its existing position in offering customers a variety of differing services, what is this process called? -Operations capability analysis -Straddling -Order qualifying -Order winning -Inner-functional analysis

straddling straddling occurs when a company seeks to match the benefits of a successful position while maintaining its existing position

Which of the following is not one of the three general factors for developing a new service? -strategic fit -financial fit -service experience fit -operational fit -locational fit

strategic fit

Which of the following is a major corporate function that a firm should NOT outsource? -strategic planning -distribution -information systems -design -product development -engineering services

strategic planning

The ability to meet current resource needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs is known as: -optimizing -sustainability -maintaining -coordinating

sustainability

When developing an operations and supply chain strategy, which of the following is an important product-specific criterion to consider? -technical liaison -learning curve -competitor's product performance -production lot size -total quality management

technical liaison technical liaison & support. A supplier may be expected to provide technical assistance for product development, particularly during the early stages of design & manufacturing

Design for manufacturing and assembly (DFMA) is achieved when: -the number of parts are reduced in product design -the voice of the customer is included in product design -dissimilar materials are used in product design -suppliers are used in product design

the number of parts are reduced in product design

Divergence

the number of ways a customer/service provider interaction can vary at each step according to the needs & abilities of each example: when you open a business for service people, you have to know if you're doing the same thing others are doing or if you're doing it differently? if you're selling the same product to the same customer, say goodbye to your business because it will close

Lead time

the time needed to respond to a customer order

When you want to express the ratio of all outputs to all inputs, you should use a _________________ productivity measure. -multifactor -total -partial -complete

total

The term that defines when some activities are incompatible and that necessitates less of another activity is: -balanced approach -productivity -straddling -trade-off

trade-off

True or false: a platform product is built around a preexisting technological subsystem.

true

True or false: a process is made up of one or more activities that transform outputs into inputs.

true

True or false: business analytics is defined as the analysis of data to better solve business problems.

true

True or false: electronic commerce is defined as the use of the Internet as an essential element of business activity.

true

True or false: for a process-intensive product the product design cannot be separated from the production process design.

true

True or false: many product offerings are a combination of goods and services.

true

True or false: one of the outputs to the detail design phrase is production tooling.

true

True or false: operations effectiveness is related directly to the costs of doing business.

true

True or false: product design is integral to the success of many businesses

true

True or false: the final assembly scheme for the production scheme is usually defined in the system-level design phase.

true

True or false: the planning phase precedes the project approval

true

True or false: the purpose of value analysis/value engineering is to simplify products & processes.

true

True or false: One of the methodologies that can aid in designing a new product for customers is a house of quality matrix.

true Customer requirement information forms the basis for a matrix called the house of quality. By building a house of quality matrix, the cross-functional QFD team can use customer feedback to make engineering, marketing, and design decisions. The matrix helps the team translate customer requirements into concrete operating or engineering goals. However, the most important benefit of the house of quality is that it helps the team focus on building a product that satisfies customers.

Sensitivity analysis uses the financial model to answer what type of questions? -Level of production -Where -When -What if

what if

Customer order decoupling point

where inventory is positioned to allow entities in the supply chain to operate independently

Which of the following are not used in the calculation of asset turnover? -revenue -sales -work-in-process -total assets

work-in-process