OPP III EXAM 1

What makes up the dorsal aspect of foramen magnum? A. Glabella B. Bregma C. Pterion D. Opisthion

D. Opisthion

You're palpating your patient's head in the vault hold and they seem to be restricted anteriorly. What should you be thinking may be restricted?

(Coronal) Frontoparietal suture is compressed on the side with restricted motion

What is the bump on distal frontal bone, above nasion? A. Glabella B. Bregma C. Pterion D. Opisthion

A. Glabella

What anatomical structure should you not use to contact the patient's head when assessing the PRM? A. finger tips B. fingers C. palms D. knuckles

A. finger tips

What happens to the pituitary body during flexion? A. laterally displaced B. medially displaced C. lowered D. lifted

D. lifted

What are the five phenomena of the primary respiratory mechanism? they said to have these memorized, so no answer options provided --> KNOW VERBATIM

1. The inherent Motility of the brain and spinal cord 2. Fluctuation of the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) 3. Mobility of the intracranial and intraspinal membranes (Reciprocal Tension Membrane, RTM) 4. Articular mobility of the cranial bones 5. Mobility of the sacrum between the ilia (pelvic bones) that is interdependent with the motion at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis

A patient comes in and you place them in the following hold: - Place your hands under the patient's occiput by either crossing your hands or holding them parallel - Thumbs placed on the mastoid portion of each temporal bone What hold is being described? A. Bilateral temporal hold B. Occpital Vault hold C. Unilateral temporal hold D. Fronto-occipital hold

A. Bilateral temporal hold

Match the following choices with either A. Neurocranium or B. Viscerocranium. This should be a freebie. A. Cartilaginous Viscerocranium (Endochondral) B. Membranous Neurocranium C. Membranous Viscerocranium D. Chondrocranium (Endochondral)

A. Cartilaginous Viscerocranium (Endochondral) B B. Membranous Neurocranium A C. Membranous Viscerocranium B D. Chondrocranium (Endochondral) A

Describe the frontal bone's axis of rotation.

A. During Flexion/Inhalation phase/external rotation, the inferior lateral angles (zygomatic angles) flair laterally, inferiorly, and lightly anteriorly with the parietal bones and the medial aspect dips deeper at the metopic suture FIRE In LA

You are performing a parietal lift, please state if the patient is in flexion or extension and how should you move when the cranial bones externally rotate? A. Flexion; very gently apply traction to the parietal bones by pulling/lifting them toward you B. Flexion; very gently exaggerate the internal rotation of the parietal bones. C. Extension; very gently apply traction to the parietal bones by pulling/lifting them toward you D. Extension; very gently exaggerate the internal rotation of the parietal bones.

A. Flexion; very gently apply traction to the parietal bones by pulling/lifting them toward you

What is the principle used for treatment using exaggeration? A. Indirect B. Direct C. Fluid technique D. Articular/suture release E. Balanced membranous tension

A. Indirect

What is the proper hand placement for the unilateral temporal hold? A. Place third digit into external auditory meatus, while the thumb and index finger on the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. Place the fourth digit on mastoid process and fifth digit superior to fourth on squamous portion of the temporal bone. Observe motion present. B. Place third digit into external auditory meatus, while the thumb and index finger on the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. Place the fourth digit on mastoid process and fifth digit superior to fourth on squamous portion of the occipital bone. Observe motion present. C. Place third digit into external auditory meatus, while the thumb and index finger on the zygomatic process of the parietal bone. Place the fourth digit on mastoid process and fifth digit superior to fourth on squamous portion of the temporal bone. Observe motion present. D. Place fourth digit into external auditory meatus, while the thumb and index finger on the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. Place the third digit on mastoid process and fifth digit superior to fourth on squamous portion of the temporal bone. Observe motion present.

A. Place third digit into external auditory meatus, while the thumb and index finger on the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. Place the fourth digit on mastoid process and fifth digit superior to fourth on squamous portion of the temporal bone. Observe motion present.

Which of the following is the correct set up for the occipital vault hold (becker hold) A. Place your hands under the patient's occiput by crossing your hands or holding them parallel under the occiput. Thumbs contact the greater wings of the sphenoid. B. Place your hands above the patient's occiput by crossing your hands or holding them parallel under the occiput. Thumbs contact the greater wings of the sphenoid. C. Place your hands under the patient's occiput by either crossing your hands or holding them parallel. Thumbs placed on the mastoid portion of each temporal bone. D. Place your hands above the patient's occiput by either crossing your hands or holding them parallel. Thumbs placed on the mastoid portion of each temporal bone.

A. Place your hands under the patient's occiput by crossing your hands or holding them parallel under the occiput. Thumbs contact the greater wings of the sphenoid.

Describe the parietal bone's axis of rotation position. A. Through the bevel change of the coronal and lambdoid sutures and through (under the) the parietal eminence B. The axis extends out approximately through the sphenosquamous pivots and out to the middle of the zygomatic arches. C. Through the petrous ridge, jugular notch, and superior to the mastoid process D. Just superior to the jugular processes, at the level of the SBS

A. Through the bevel change of the coronal and lambdoid sutures and through (under the) the parietal eminence

The sutherland fulcrum is the functional region on the course of the straight sinus, what is this the union of? A. falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, and tentorium cerebelli B. falx cerebelli and tentorium cerebelli C. falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli D. the falx cerebri and falx cerebelli

A. falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, and tentorium cerebelli

Which of the following is FALSE regarding a flexion dysfunction? A. normally presents after trauma B. named for prolonged flexion phase C. rotation is in the opposite direction D. 2 parallel transverse axes

A. normally presents after trauma OPPOSITE

A patient comes in and you decide to treat them with a frontal lift hold. Which of the following is the correct description of this hold?

A. palmar regions contact the patient's head in the following manner: The fingers are interlaced above the midline of the frontal bones, not resting on the forehead. Place your hypothenar (and thenar if possible) eminences on the lateral angles of the frontal bones. The heels of the hands are anterior to the lateral aspects of the coronal sutures.

Which of the following associations is correct? A. sphenoid: second cranial vertebra B. occiput: first cranial vertebra C. temporal: third cranial vertebra D. dorsum sella: second cranial vertebra

A. sphenoid: second cranial vertebra CORRECT ASSOCIATIONS: dorsum sella: first cranial vertebra sphenoid: second cranial vertebra occiput: third cranial vertebra

What is the result of cranial extension? A. vertical push on the dura, depresses the spinal cord downward, downward and anterior movement of the sacrum between the ilia (nutation) due to the dural attachment at the posterior S2 level B. vertical push on the dura, depresses the spinal cord downward, downward and anterior movement of the sacrum between the ilia (counternutation) due to the dural attachment at the posterior S2 level C. vertical push on the dura, lifts the spinal cord upward, downward and anterior movement of the sacrum between the ilia (nutation) due to the dural attachment at the posterior S2 level D. vertical pull on the dura, lifts the spinal cord upward, upward and posterior movement of the sacrum between the ilia (counternutation) due to the dural attachment at the posterior S2 level

A. vertical push on the dura, depresses the spinal cord downward, downward and anterior movement of the sacrum between the ilia (nutation) due to the dural attachment at the posterior S2 level

The following question "Does the motion under your thenar eminences and thumbs feel like they are moving equally?" should be asked when assessing which hold? A. Fronto-occipital B. Bilateral temporal C. Unilateral temporal D. Vault

B. Bilateral temporal

Which bone has two axes of motion? A. Sphenoid B. Frontal C. Parietal D. Occipital

B. Frontal

What is the meeting point of the frontal and nasal bones? A. Opisthion B. Nasion C. Asterion D. Basion

B. Nasion

What is the fronto-occipital hold used to assess? A. CRI, motion at the SBS, and the degree of participation of each bone in the general motion of the cranial vault B. PRM, the motion of the cranial base at the SBS, and the frontal bone motion in relation to the rest of the CRI C. CRI, PRM, and motion at the SBS D. PRM, motion at the SBS, and the degree of participation of each bone in the general motion of the cranial vault

B. PRM, the motion of the cranial base at the SBS, and the frontal bone motion in relation to the rest of the CRI Frontal bone is in the name --> main area of assessment

What is the term used to describe the mechanical function of the inner layer of the dura mater? A. Primary respiratory mechanism (PRM) B. Reciprocal tension membrane C. Cranial Rhythmic Impulse (CRI) D. Point of balance

B. Reciprocal tension membrane Another lecture describes it as "the dural connection of the meninges to the sacrum"

Which of the following associations is correct for the unilateral temporal hold? A. Slight influence with thumb and fourth digit increases internal rotation, while slight influence with index and fifth digit increases external rotation B. Slight influence with thumb and fourth digit increases external rotation, while slight influence with index and fifth digit increases internal rotation C. Slight influence with index and fifth digit increases external rotation, while slight influence with thumb and fourth digit increases internal rotation D. Slight influence with thumb and fifth digit increases internal rotation, while slight influence with index and fourth digit increases external rotation

B. Slight influence with thumb and fourth digit increases external rotation, while slight influence with index and fifth digit increases internal rotation

What is the SS pivot point? A. Sphenosquamous point where frontal overlaps the sphenoid superior to joint and sphenoid overlaps temporal below point. B. Sphenosquamous point where temporal overlaps the sphenoid superior to joint and sphenoid overlaps temporal below point. C. Sphenopetrous point where temporal overlaps the sphenoid superior to joint and sphenoid overlaps temporal below point. D. Sphenopetrous point where occipital overlaps the sphenoid superior to joint and sphenoid overlaps occipital below point.

B. Sphenosquamous point where temporal overlaps the sphenoid superior to joint and sphenoid overlaps temporal below point.

During extension phase of a parietal lift you want to exaggerate internal rotation of the parietal bones. Why? A. This will further relax the cranial tension in the ventricles B. This will disengage the parietals bones from the greater wings of the sphenoid bone as well as the temporal squama C. This will aid in the separation of the falx cerebri and the mastoid process allowing for more rhythmic movement of CSF D. Because Dr. Lynch told me to

B. This will disengage the parietals bones from the greater wings of the sphenoid bone as well as the temporal squama

What is the area that is the meeting of the parietal, temporal and occiput? A. pterion B. asterion C. glabella D. bregma

B. asterion

What part of the PRM provides the least amount of movement? A. CSF B. cranial bones C. intraspinal membranes D. sacrum

B. cranial bones think protects from possible herniation

During cranial extension, the SBS _________ and draws the spinal dura mater ________________. A. rises; cephaalad B. drops; caudad C. drops; caphalad D. rises; cephalad

B. drops; caudad

What makes up the intracranial and spinal dural membrane? A. falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, tentorium, diaphragma sellae, and spinal dura B. falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, tentorium, and spinal dura C. falx cerebri, crista galli tentorium, and spinal dura D. falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, tentorium, crista galli, and spinal dura

B. falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, tentorium, and spinal dura

The primary respiratory mechanism is a conceptual model that describes a process involving the _____________ interactive, involuntary functions. A. three B. five C. six D. two

B. five

A patient presents with hyperthyroidism, headache, and sinusitis. What dysfunction may you predict that they have even before palpation and treatment? A. sidebending-rotation dysfunction B. flexion dysfunction C. torsion dysfunction D. extension dysfunction

B. flexion dysfunction

What foramen does the dura exit? A. jugular foramen B. foramen magnum C. foramen ovale D. foramen rotundum

B. foramen magnum

What is the role of the Viscerocranium? A. shock absorber B. houses and protects the facial regions C. add structure D. protects the brain

B. houses and protects the facial regions

The skull develops from ______________________? A. parenchyma B. mesenchyme C. epithelium D. primitive endoderm

B. mesenchyme

Which of the following is correct regarding internal rotation? A. the physiologic movement of the paired bones when the SBS descends; corresponds to the inhalation phase of primary respiration B. the physiologic movement of the paired bones when the SBS descends; corresponds to the exhalation phase of primary respiration C. the physiologic movement of the paired bones when the SBS rises; corresponds to the inhalation phase of primary respiration D. the physiologic movement of the paired bones when the SBS descends; corresponds to the exhalation phase of primary respiration

B. the physiologic movement of the paired bones when the SBS descends; corresponds to the exhalation phase of primary respiration

On what axis does the bevel change for the sphenoid? A. sagittal B. transverse C. frontal D. abd-add

B. transverse Sphenosquamous pivots - where the bevel of the suture changes directions

What makes up the ventral aspect of foramen magnum? A. Glabella B. Bregma C. Basion D. Opisthion

C. Basion

What is the meeting of coronal and sagittal sutures? A. Pterion B. Asterion C. Bregma D. Glabella

C. Bregma

List where all the dura mater attach. A. C1-C4, S1 B. L1-L2, S2 C. C2-C3, S2 D. C2-C4, S2

C. C2-C3, S2 C2-C3 can cause a HA and they mentioned S2 might be a test answer

What is the principle used for treatment using directing the tide? A. Indirect B. Direct C. Fluid technique D. Articular/suture release E. Balanced membranous tension

C. Fluid technique

You begin to treat a patient in the following set up: - Patient supine with physician seated to the SIDE - Place your caudad hand under the occiput, resting on the table, cupping the occipital squama - Place your cephalad hand over the frontal bone resting your elbow if possible - Use two digits to contact the sphenoid -- Thumb and middle or index finger over greater wings of sphenoid (posterolateral to eyes, above the zygoma) -- If the head is too large for your hand, thumb and fifth digit over greater wings of sphenoid and middle finger over metopic suture. A. Vault Hold B. Temporal Hold C. Fronto-Occipital Hold D. Becker Hold What hold is being described?

C. Fronto-Occipital Hold This looks like the claw machine claws to me

You decide to put a patient in the parietal lift. Which of the following is the correct positioning?

C. Index fingers on the anteroinferior parietals close to the squamous suture. Middle fingers above the squamous suture, superior to the ear. Ring fingers superior to the parietomastoid angles and thumbs are crossed over the sagittal suture, without touching the opposite parietal bone This is how it is listed in the ppt, be aware that they can interchange the stuff in parentheses. "Index (1st) fingers on the antero-inferior parietals close to the squamous suture, (posterior to the coronal suture) Middle (2nd) fingers above the squamous suture, superior to the ear. Ring (3rd) fingers superior to the parietomastoid angles Thumbs are crossed over the sagittal suture, without touching the opposite parietal bone."

Why do you lift anteriorly during flexion phase of a frontal lift? A. This will disengage the parietals bones from the greater wings of the sphenoid bone as well as the temporal squama B. This which will disengage the frontal bones by exaggerating internal rotation C. This traction should release the falx cerebri and work through the reciprocal tension membrane D. This will aid in the separation of the falx cerebri and the mastoid process allowing for more rhythmic movement of CSF

C. This traction should release the falx cerebri and work through the reciprocal tension membrane

Describe the temporal bone's axis of rotation position. A. Through the bevel change of the coronal and lambdoid sutures and through (under the) the parietal eminence B. The axis extends out approximately through the sphenosquamous pivots and out to the middle of the zygomatic arches. C. Through the petrous ridge, jugular notch, and superior to the mastoid process D. Just superior to the jugular processes, at the level of the SBS

C. Through the petrous ridge, jugular notch, and superior to the mastoid process

What is the correct finger placement for a patient in the vault hold?

C. Thumbs just above the sagittal suture, Index fingers contact the greater wings of the sphenoid, long fingers are anterior to the ears, on the temporal and parietal bones, ring fingers are posterior to the ears, on the temporal and parietal bones, and little fingers contact the occiput

What does one complete biphasic cycle in CRI consist of? A. extension B. flexion C. flexion and extension D. ext/flex and rotation

C. flexion and extension

A patient presents with a migraine, sinusitis, and balance and visual disturbances. They also seem to be dealing with internal conflict. What dysfunction may you predict that they have even before palpation and treatment? A. sidebending-rotation dysfunction B. flexion dysfunction C. torsion dysfunction D. extension dysfunction

C. torsion dysfunction

What is the purpose of tension integrity elements and what are they?

Create a structure that is more adaptable to stresses --> bones = compression elements and tensile elements = dural tension

Which of the following is FALSE regarding an extension dysfunction? A. can present as microcephaly and rarely prenantal and perinatal trauma B. named for prolonged extension phase C. rotation is in the opposite direction D. 1 parallel transverse axis

D. 1 parallel transverse axis 2 parallel transverse axes

What is the principle used for treatment using disengagement? A. Indirect B. Direct C. Fluid technique D. Articular/suture release E. Balanced membranous tension

D. Articular/suture release

Why would you palpate the cranial bones before treatment? A. trauma B. position C. motion D. Both B and C E. All of the above

D. Both B and C

A patient comes in and you can barely feel their CRI. What should you be thinking? A. Direct SBS decompression B. Parietal lift C. Indirect SBS decompression D. Direct/Indirect SBS decompression

D. Direct/Indirect SBS decompression

A patient comes in and you put them in the following position: - Place one hand over the frontal bones. All fingers spread across the frontal bone. - Thumb resting midline, ANTERIOR to the coronal suture - Place your other hand under the occiput - Fingers near the inferior edge of the occiput. Thumb resting midline, POSTERIOR to the coronal suture What is being treated? A. Direct SBS decompression B. Parietal lift C. Frontal lift D. Direct/Indirect SBS decompression

D. Direct/Indirect SBS decompression

Describe the parietal bone's axis of rotation.

D. During flexion phase/external rotation, the inferolateral aspect (at the squamous suture) widen and the sagittal suture drops inferior with the RTM

List all the membranes of the dura mater. A. Falx Cerebri, Falx Cerebelli, Crista galli, Diaphragma Sellae, Spinal Dura B. Falx Cerebri, Tentorium Cerebelli, Falx Cerebelli, Diaphragma Sellae, Spinal Dura, Crista galli C. Falx Cerebri, Tentorium Cerebelli, Falx Cerebelli, Spinal Dura, Crista galli D. Falx Cerebri, Tentorium Cerebelli, Falx Cerebelli, Diaphragma Sellae, Spinal Dura

D. Falx Cerebri, Tentorium Cerebelli, Falx Cerebelli, Diaphragma Sellae, Spinal Dura

Describe the occipital bone's axis of rotation position. A. Through the bevel change of the coronal and lambdoid sutures and through (under the) the parietal eminence B. The axis extends out approximately through the sphenosquamous pivots and out to the middle of the zygomatic arches. C. Through the petrous ridge, jugular notch, and superior to the mastoid process D. Just superior to the jugular processes, at the level of the SBS

D. Just superior to the jugular processes, at the level of the SBS

This hold is used to assess the primary respiratory mechanism (PRM), the motion of the cranial base at the Sphenobasilar Synchondrosis (SBS) and to assess occipital bone motion in relation to the rest of the Cranial Rhythmic Impulse (CRI) and or cervical spine. Which of the following is it? A. Unilateral Temporal Hold B. Fronto-Occipital Hold C. Vault Hold D. Occipital Vault Hold (Becker)

D. Occipital Vault Hold (Becker) Main level of contact and area of assessment --> occipital!!!! in the name

What is the vault hold used to assess? A. CRI, motion at the SBS, and the degree of participation of each bone in the general motion of the cranial vault B. PRM, CRI, and the degree of participation of each bone in the general motion of the cranial vault C. CRI, PRM, and motion at the SBS D. PRM, motion at the SBS, and the degree of participation of each bone in the general motion of the cranial vault

D. PRM, motion at the SBS, and the degree of participation of each bone in the general motion of the cranial vault

What is being described: the upper part of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, which rises above the cribriform plate. The falx cerebri attaches to it. A. incisive fossa B. vomer C. choana D. crista galli

D. crista galli

A patient presents with a migraine, asthma symptoms, and mother reports they enjoy being alone. What dysfunction may you predict that they have even before palpation and treatment? A. sidebending-rotation dysfunction B. flexion dysfunction C. torsion dysfunction D. extension dysfunction

D. extension dysfunction

What can be seen as a fundamental principle in the functioning of the PRM and in the CSF is described as an electrical potential, constantly becoming charged and uncharged? A. point of balance/Balance point B. fulcrum C. motility D. potency

D. potency

What is the role of the Neurocranium? A. shock absorber B. houses and protects the facial regions C. add structure D. protects the brain

D. protects the brain duh, its in the name

What is the structure called that can be describe as overlapping of frontal parietal sphenoid and temporal. The area of anterior branch of middle meningeal artery? A. bregma B. asterion C. basion D. pterion

D. pterion

Cranial motion occurs around the superior transverse axis at S2, called the ________________. A. cranial axis B. sacral axis C. cranial-sacral axis D. respiratory axis

D. respiratory axis

During cranial flexion, the SBS _________ and draws the spinal dura mater ________________. A. rises; caudad B. drops; caudad C. drops; caphalad D. rises; cephalad

D. rises; cephalad

What is the use of the unilateral and bilateral temporal holds assess? A. PRM, motion at the SBS, and the degree of participation of each bone in the general motion of the cranial vault B. PRM, the motion of the cranial base at the SBS, and to assess occipital bone motion in relation to the rest of the CRI and or cervical spine. C. PRM, the motion of the cranial base at the SBS, and the frontal bone motion in relation to the rest of the CRI D. to diagnose and treat imbalance and SD of the temporal bones

D. to diagnose and treat imbalance and SD of the temporal bones

The index fingers in the vault hold is on the greater wing of the sphenoid. Which of the following descriptions is true of where the index finger is placed? A. superior to the zygomatic process B. posterolateral to the orbit C. temple D. posterior to the zygoma E. All of the above

E. All of the above *REMEMBER they could say any of these in a question or answer stem*

What are the models for OCMM? A. Biomechanical B. Respiratory/Circulatory C. Neurological D. Metabolic E. Biopsychosocial F. All of the above

F. All of the above

TRUE/FALSE. The combination of the CNS mobility and CSF fluctuation manifest as a bioelectric activity throughout the body and can be palpated at any point on the body in a subtle wavelike motion

FALSE CNS motility, not mobility

TRUE/FALSE. When performing a frontal lift, you want to extend your fingers during flexion phase (internal rotation).

FALSE during extension (internal rotation) you want to extend your fingers

TRUE/FALSE. During flexion, paired bones internally rotate, because of reduction of the vertical diameter as the vertex moves more caudally.

FALSE externally rotate FER (flexion:external rotation:reduction)

TRUE/FALSE. Generally, do the frontal lift prior to the parietal lift

FALSE frontal is the most interiorly stacked at the pterion, do parietal first

TRUE/FALSE: spinal manipulation address parasympathetic innervation while cranial manipulation addresses sympathetic innervation.

FALSE opposite

TRUE/FALSE. When a patient is placed in the occipital vault hold their thumbs should be placed posterior to the external auditory meatus, while in the bilateral temporal hold, the thumbs should be placed anterior to the external auditory meatus.

FALSE opposite (remember OV is bigger hand placement than BT)

TRUE/FALSE. In the Primary Respiratory Mechanism (PRM) model, as the CNS shortens and lengthens, the spinal cord changes shape and the CSF fluctuates.

FALSE. the ventricles fluctuate

Rank all of the following dysfunctions based on the level of severity. Flexion dysfunction Extension dysfunction Torsion Sidebending-Rotation Vertical strain Lateral strain SBS compression

Flexion dysfunction 1 Extension 1-2 Torsion 2 Sidebending-Rotation 2-3 Vertical strain 3 Lateral strain 4 SBS compression 5

Describe the frontal bone's axis of rotation position.

From the center of the orbital plate, up through frontal eminences and the bevel change/pivot points on the coronal suture

You're palpating your patient's head in the vault hold and they seem to be restricted posteriorly. What should you be thinking may be restricted?

Lambdoidal suture may be compressed

Please list all the cranial bones. (not a good question, but you need to know them.

M - mandible M - maxillary V - vomer N - nasal F - frontal P - parietal O - occipital T - temporal E - ethmoid L - lacrimal I do these in this order as I move around the skull, if it helps, it helps. If not, I'm sorry!

TRUE/FALSE. Motion is hinge-like along the metopic suture for the frontal bone's axis of rotation.

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE. The Primary Respiratory Mechanism (PRM) and pulmonary respiration BOTH cause the sacrum to move about the superior transverse axis.

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE. The dura mater originates along straight sinus (aka sutherland's fulcrum) and forms the venous sinuses.

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE. The metacarpal-phalangeal joint is directly posterior to the external auditory meatus

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE. The occiput moves with the sacrum in nutation and counternutation.

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE. When assessing the PRM, the middle finger contacts the SQUAMOUS portion of the temporal, while the ring finger contacts the PETROUS portion of the temporal.

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE. When performing SBS decompression, direct treatment is done by distracting the frontal bones and the occiput superiorly, while during indirect you "Squeeze" your two sets of fingers toward each other - enough to disengage the SBS compression.

TRUE

True/False. Tinnitus, hypopituitary function, chronic TBI, and plagiocephaly are all indications for OCMM.

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE. The sphenobasilar synchondrosis is drawn upward into flexion

TRUE - the anterior end of the sphenoid bone moves in a downward nose-dive - the posterior/squamous part of the occiput tips caudally

TRUE/FALSE. Counternutation of the sacrum occurs during cranial flexion phase, while nutation of the sacrum accompanies cranial extension phase

TRUE CSF:NSE TERMINOLOGY WARNING: Biomechanical sacral flexion = Cranial sacral extension = Nutation, which occurs during the cranial extension phase.

TRUE/FALSE. The brain and spinal cord motility moves in a biphasic cycle that is subtle and wavelike.

TRUE like an accordion (fat and short to thin and long)

You're palpating your patient's head in the vault hold and they seem to be restricted laterally. What should you be thinking may be restricted?

Temporoparietal suture is compressed on the side with restricted motion

The dura mater has two areas: the outer and inner layers. Which of the following is an appropriate description of the outer layer? A. extends through sutures of the skull to become periosteum on the outer surface of the skull. B. lines cranial cavity forming periosteal covering for inner aspect of the bones C. involves the Falx cerebri, Tentorium cerebri, Falx cerebelli D. covers brain & spinal cord & has reduplications

Trick question: A and B are correct

Pneumonic for Foreman of the skull --> COS 3 FROS I2 J3H

cos 3 fros is 2 jazzy 3 (free) hairspray cribriform plate optic foreman superior orbital fissure (next 3 nerves) foramen rotundum foramen ovale superior orbital fissure (V1) internal auditory meatus (next 2 nerves) jugular foramen (next 3 nerves) hypoglossal foramen

List the paired bones.

frontals, temporals, parietals, inferior conchae, maxillae, palatines, lacrimals, lateral masses of ethmoid, zygoma, nasals F The PIMPLE ZN (season)

List the midline bones.

sacrum, occiput, perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, vomer, sphenoid

Which of the following describes flexion/extension at the SBS? A. movement in opposite directions B. 2 parallel transverse axis through the Jugular processes of occiput (anterolateral to the foramen magnum), named for the movement of the SBS C. Normal physiologic motion D. 2 parallel transverse axis through the body of the sphenoid bone, named for the movement of the SBS

trick question ALL OF THESE ARE RIGHT

Which is the correct association? A. flexion; sphenoid --> counternutation, occiput and sacrum --> counternutation B. extension; sphenoid --> counternutation, occiput and sacrum --> nutation C. extension; sphenoid --> nutation, occiput and sacrum --> nutation D. flexion; sphenoid --> nutation, occiput and sacrum --> counternutation

trick question: B and D are correct

The dura mater has two areas: the outer and inner layers. Which of the following is an appropriate description of the inner layer? A. extends through sutures of the skull to become periosteum on the outer surface of the skull. B. lines cranial cavity forming periosteal covering for inner aspect of the bones C. involves the Falx cerebri, Tentorium cerebri, Falx cerebelli D. covers brain & spinal cord & has reduplications

trick question: C and D are correct