Organizational Behavior

The ________ process helps candidates learn about the organization, and if employees perceive a conflict between their values and those of the organization, they can remove themselves from the applicant pool. A) orientation B) training C) performance evaluation D) selection E) institutionalization

selection

The regular distribution of lollipops, toys, or treats every Friday is an example of a ________ that helps reinforce an organizations culture. A) dominant mechanism B) ritual C) primary process D) protective mechanism E) fundamental procedure

ritual

Which of the following terms refers to the right inherent in a managerial position to give orders and expect them to be obeyed? A) Chain of command B) Authority C) Power D) Span of Control E) Leadership

Authority

________ are persons who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing refinement activities. A) Early adopters B) Free riders C) Laggards D) Change agents E) Whistle-blowers

Change agents

Which of the following is the last step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change? A) Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change B) Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed C) Communicate the vision throughout the organization D) Reinforce the changes by demonstrating the relationship between new behaviors and organizational success E) Consolidate improvements, reassess changes, and make necessary adjustments in the new program

Consolidate improvements, reassess changes, and make necessary adjustments in the new program

Which of the following power tactics involves increasing the target's support by involving him or her in decision making? A) Legitimacy B) Rational Persuasion C) Consultation D) Ingratiation E) Pressure

Consultation

________ bargaining is negotiation that seeks to divide a fixed amount of goods or services. A) Distributive B) Integrative C) Reflective D) Affective E) Conjunctive

Distributive

As a result of changing technology and unstable environment, your company is planning to undertake restructuring of the business. The employees in your company are worried about this upcoming change and many of them are anxious due to a fear that they will lose their jobs as a result of this change. But that is not the case. The company only wants to restructure its business units, and it is not planning to cut down on jobs. In such a situation, which of the following techniques is most likely to be used by your company to deal with the employees' resistance to change? A) implementing changes fairly B) education and communication C) participation D) manipulation and cooptation E) coercion

Education and communication

Which of the following statements is true regarding conflict? A) The smaller the group, the greater the likelihood of conflict B) The less specialized the activities of the group, the greater the likelihood of conflict C) People low in the personality trait of disagreeableness, neuroticism, or self-monitoring are more likely to engage in conflict D) Emotions can cause conflict even when they are not directed at others E) As the ambiguity about where responsibility for actions lies decreases, the potential for conflict increases

Emotions can cause conflict even when they are not directed at others

Which of the following is the first step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change? A) Create a new vision to direct the change and strategies for achieving the vision B) Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed C) Plan for, create, and reward short-term "wins" that move the organization toward the new vision D) Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change E) Communicate the vision throughout the organization

Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed

________ power is influence wielded as a result of proficiency, special skill, or knowledge. A) Legitimate B) Reward C) Referent D) Expert E) Coercive

Expert

Studies from multiple countries around the world have similarly shown that higher levels of political skill are associated with lower levels of perceived job performance. TRUE/FALSE

FALSE

Which of the following statements is true regarding power? A) A is said to have power over B if B controls something that A desires B) The greater A's dependence on B, the greater A's power in the relationship C) If A has the capacity to influence behavior of B, then A is said to have power over B D) A can have power over B only if A is B's leader E) A can have power over B only when A and B have similar goals

If A has the capacity to influence behavior of B, then A is said to have power over B

Jean works for Fahrenheit Publishing which is a publisher of scientific journals. The company is dominated by low risk taking and high attention to detail. Jean's department is committed to high team orientation and provides many team-building activities in which Jean and other department members work together and socialize. Which of the following statements best describes Jean's department? A) Jeans department is an example of a primary microcosm. B) Jean's department's culture is stronger than the dominant culture in the organization. C) Jean's department has developed a subculture. D) Jean's department's culture is undefined. E) Jean's department's culture has low stability.

Jean's department has developed a subculture

Who built on Lewin's three-step model to create a more detailed eight-step plan for implementing change? A) John Kotter B) David McClelland C) Douglas Surber D) Lawrence Summers E) Henry Mintzberg

John Kotter

Who developed a three-step model for change that included unfreezing, movement, and refreezing? A) John Kotter B) David McClelland C) Douglas Surber D) Lawrence Summers E) Kurt Lewin

Kurt Lewin

Employees exhibiting which of the following features are more likely to engage in political behavior? A) lack of organizational investment B) external locus of control C) low need for power D) Machiavellian personality E) low self-monitoring

Machiavellian Personality

Which of the following statements best describe the difference between organizational culture and job satisfaction? A) Job satisfaction depends upon the level of "power distance" in the country, but organizational culture does not B) Organizational culture is static, whereas job satisfaction is dynamic C) Job satisfaction is immeasurable, whereas organizational culture is measurable D) Organizational culture is descriptive, whereas job satisfaction is evaluative. E) Job satisfaction depends on the structure of the organization, but organizational culture does not

Organizational culture is descriptive, whereas job satisfaction is evaluative

Procter & Gamble has separate departments for Tide, Pampers, Charmin, and Pringles. This is an example of departmentalization by ________. A) Function B) Process C) Geography D) Product E) Interest

Product

Legitimate power is directly based on ________. ? A) charisma of the leader B) interpersonal trust and commitment of the manager C) structural position of the manager in the organization D) personality traits of the manager E) ability of the manager to serve his or her subordinates

Structural position of the manager in the organization

Limited resources are one of the major reasons for the development of organizational politics. TRUE/FALSE

TRUE

Negotiation best describes the process that occurs when two or more parties decide how to allocate scarce resources TRUE/FALSE

TRUE

The term used to describe the degree to which tasks in an organization are subdivided into separate jobs is called work specialization. TRUE/FALSE

TRUE

Chain of command is a key element of an organizations structure. Which of the following key questions is addressed by this element? A) How many individuals can a manager efficiently and effectively direct? B) To whom do individuals and groups report? C) On what basis will jobs be grouped together? D) To what degree are activities subdivided into separate jobs? E) To what degree will there be rules and regulations to direct employees and managers?

To whom do individuals and groups report

Companies in which of the following countries would emphasize formal performance evaluation systems more than informal systems? A) Argentina B) United States C) Chile D) India E) China

United Staes

________ are indicators of a strong organizational culture. A) High levels of dissensions B) High rates of employee turnover C) Completely horizontal organizational charts D) Narrowly defined roles E) Widely shared values

Widely shared values

Scarless has received authorization to add an assistant manager to her department. This person will be working closely with Scarlett and must have excellent interpersonal as well as technical skills. Scarlett wants to make certain that she maximizes the chance of choosing the correct individual and is trying to decide on the most appropriate selection device. Which of the following is most likely to be used by Scarlett during the initial selection stage to check an applicant meets the basic qualifications for a job? A) assessment center B) drug test C) application form D) work sample test E) integrity test

application form

Which of the following is most likely to be used for preliminary "rough cuts" to decide whether an applicant meets the basic qualifications for a job? A) drug test B) application form C) HR interview D) written test E) technical interview

application form

The basis by which jobs are grouped is called ________. A) social clustering B) span of control C) work specialization D) centralization E) departmentalization

deparmentalization

As both sides agree that they are competing over a fixed amount of resources, each side feels that what one side wins, the other loses. Based on this information, we can say that the two sides are engaged in ________. A) conciliation B) distributive bargaining C) mediation D) integrative bargaining E) arbitration

distributive bargaining

Conflict that hinders group performance is destructive or ________ conflict. A) process B) traditional C) task D) dysfunctional E) dyadic

dysfunctional

Which of the following is most likely to be the fastest growing training medium? A) job rotation B) live classroom lectures C) apprenticeships D) formal mentoring program E) e-training

e-training

Contemporary perspectives tend to differentiate types of conflict based on their ________. A) effects B) being good or bad C) emotional impact D) task orientation E) relationship orientation

effects

Which of the following is an example of an individual source of resistance to change? A) limited focus of change B) product orientation C) fear of the unknown D) structural inertia E) employee orientation

fear of the unknown

Performance evaluations are used to ________. A) improve group cohesiveness B) define departmental structure C) help management make HR decisions D) identify how jobs are completed E) decrease conformity within organizations

help management make HR decisions

All of the following are benefits of conflict in organizations except ________. A) increased self-evaluation and change B) increased groupthink C) increased creativity and innovation D) increased curiosity among group members E) increased opportunity to air problems

increased groupthink

The ultimate source of an organizations culture is ________. A) its top management B) its environment C) the country in which the organization operates D) its founders E) the sociocultural backgrounds of its employees

its founders

Which of the following is something that often differentiates power from leadership? A) lack of dependence of followers B) use of positive styles over negative tactics C) downward influence of leader on followers D) lack of goal compatibility between leaders and followers E) lack of control on behavior of followers

lack of goal compatibility between leaders and followers

Nike is using ________ to perpetuate its organizational culture when employees reminisce about the days when Oregon track star Steve Prefontaine worked to make running a professional sport A) rituals B) material symbols C) stories D) company policies E) business strategies

material symbols

You describe to your students a new committee within the university that brings together specialists from all different departments to develop a new interdisciplinary program. The structure of the committee best meets the definition of the ________ structure. A) matrix B) simple C) boundaryless D) virtual E) bureaucratic

matrix

Which of the following types of organizational designs combines two forms of departmentalization, functional and product? A) simple structure B) bureaucracy C) matrix structure D) virtual structure E) boundaryless structure

matrix structure

A(n) ________ is a neutral third party who facilitates a negotiated solution by using reasoning, persuasion, and suggestions for alternatives. A) plaintiff B) mediator C) agent D) consultant E) executor

mediator

________ refers to the shared perceptions organizational members have about their organization and work environment A) Organizational climate B) Institutionalization C) Microcosm D) Groupthink E) Organizational apprehension

organizational climate

A paper sales company designs and offers a new method of purchasing and shipping commercial quantities of paper through its Website. The company used to do its business through its sales representative. This is an example of a(n) ________ change. A) accidental B) secondary C) planned D) cognitive E) integrated

planned

Minicultures that tend to develop in large organizations to reflect common problems or experiences faced by the members in the same department or location are often called ________. A) micro-cultures B) subcultures C) divisional cultures D) microcosms E) countercultures

subcultures

Researchers now recognize three major types of behavior that constitute performance at work. Which of the following are these three major types of behavior? A) task performance, productivity, tenure B) productivity, efficiency, absenteeism C) task performance, citizenship, counterproductivity D) citizenship, counterproductivity, personality E) leadership, knowledge, efficiency

task performance, citizenship, counterproductivity

Your organization has reduced layers, flattening the organization. Your employees now need to perform a wider variety of tasks. As a result, you need to provide employees with training to help develop their ________ skills. A) basic literacy B) technical C) interpersonal D) problem solving E) communication

technical

Most organizations use ________ to assess job performance even though they may not be highly correlated with positive task outcomes. A) traits B) task outcomes C) behaviors D) personality E) technical skills

traits